This tool is beta test, If You got some problem please contact us
# | Start | End | Original | Translated |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 00:00:14,492 | 00:00:15,841 | Previously on "The Men Who Built America: Frontiersmen.." | Previously on "The Men Who Built America: Frontiersmen.." |
2 | 00:00:23,110 | 00:00:26,896 | Brave pioneers like Daniel Boone | Brave pioneers like Daniel Boone |
3 | 00:00:26,939 | 00:00:28,941 | blazed a trail into the wilderness.. | blazed a trail into the wilderness.. |
4 | 00:00:31,683 | 00:00:34,077 | ...moving west to fulfill a dream. | ...moving west to fulfill a dream. |
5 | 00:00:40,301 | 00:00:42,651 | They fought to forge a new nation.. | They fought to forge a new nation.. |
6 | 00:00:44,740 | 00:00:46,829 | ...the United States of America. | ...the United States of America. |
7 | 00:00:49,223 | 00:00:52,922 | Now, the young country | Now, the young country |
8 | 00:00:52,965 | 00:00:55,620 | must hold its ground to survive. | must hold its ground to survive. |
9 | 00:01:06,196 | 00:01:11,767 | Whoa-oa-oa whoa-oa-oa | Whoa-oa-oa whoa-oa-oa |
10 | 00:02:08,389 | 00:02:11,174 | The American Revolution has been over for nine years.. | The American Revolution has been over for nine years.. |
11 | 00:02:14,264 | 00:02:17,398 | ...but the frontier remains a war zone. | ...but the frontier remains a war zone. |
12 | 00:02:34,154 | 00:02:36,199 | Like other Native American leaders | Like other Native American leaders |
13 | 00:02:36,243 | 00:02:38,462 | Shawnee war-chief, Tecumseh | Shawnee war-chief, Tecumseh |
14 | 00:02:38,506 | 00:02:40,682 | has watched thousands of pioneers | has watched thousands of pioneers |
15 | 00:02:40,725 | 00:02:42,597 | surge into his homeland. | surge into his homeland. |
16 | 00:02:43,946 | 00:02:46,035 | And now he's fighting back. | And now he's fighting back. |
17 | 00:02:49,647 | 00:02:52,259 | The Americans continued to push the frontier. | The Americans continued to push the frontier. |
18 | 00:02:52,302 | 00:02:54,435 | The pressure was on the Indians | The pressure was on the Indians |
19 | 00:02:54,478 | 00:02:56,785 | to move and get out of the way. | to move and get out of the way. |
20 | 00:02:56,828 | 00:02:59,353 | The frontiersmen were out there trying to scrape out | The frontiersmen were out there trying to scrape out |
21 | 00:02:59,396 | 00:03:02,138 | a living trying to get rich, taking land. | a living trying to get rich, taking land. |
22 | 00:03:02,182 | 00:03:04,662 | The Indians did what any person does | The Indians did what any person does |
23 | 00:03:04,706 | 00:03:06,969 | to defend your homeland and your life. | to defend your homeland and your life. |
24 | 00:03:57,498 | 00:03:59,543 | The Shawnee are one of over 20 tribes | The Shawnee are one of over 20 tribes |
25 | 00:03:59,587 | 00:04:00,675 | in the Ohio Territory.. | in the Ohio Territory.. |
26 | 00:04:04,679 | 00:04:06,594 | ...part of the area surrendered by the British | ...part of the area surrendered by the British |
27 | 00:04:06,637 | 00:04:08,335 | in the Treaty of Paris | in the Treaty of Paris |
28 | 00:04:08,378 | 00:04:11,163 | which ended the American Revolution. | which ended the American Revolution. |
29 | 00:04:11,207 | 00:04:12,904 | But it's land that Native Americans | But it's land that Native Americans |
30 | 00:04:12,948 | 00:04:15,907 | have claimed for generations. | have claimed for generations. |
31 | 00:04:15,951 | 00:04:17,518 | The key provision of the Treaty of Paris | The key provision of the Treaty of Paris |
32 | 00:04:17,561 | 00:04:20,347 | is that the British have to leave the Midwest | is that the British have to leave the Midwest |
33 | 00:04:20,390 | 00:04:22,697 | giving this huge territory | giving this huge territory |
34 | 00:04:22,740 | 00:04:26,048 | over to the Americans. | over to the Americans. |
35 | 00:04:26,091 | 00:04:28,442 | But you still have, of course, the Native American tribes | But you still have, of course, the Native American tribes |
36 | 00:04:28,485 | 00:04:30,531 | who were not party to the treaty | who were not party to the treaty |
37 | 00:04:30,574 | 00:04:33,664 | and who were not about to just accept all these Americans | and who were not about to just accept all these Americans |
38 | 00:04:33,708 | 00:04:35,623 | flooding over the Appalachian Mountains. | flooding over the Appalachian Mountains. |
39 | 00:04:44,196 | 00:04:47,591 | Tecumseh spent his whole life fighting American expansion. | Tecumseh spent his whole life fighting American expansion. |
40 | 00:04:50,420 | 00:04:53,336 | He was raised by legendary Shawnee warrior | He was raised by legendary Shawnee warrior |
41 | 00:04:53,380 | 00:04:56,861 | Chief Blackfish, who died fighting as a British ally | Chief Blackfish, who died fighting as a British ally |
42 | 00:04:56,905 | 00:04:58,167 | during the Revolution. | during the Revolution. |
43 | 00:05:01,388 | 00:05:04,739 | Tecumseh's childhood was nothing short of traumatic. | Tecumseh's childhood was nothing short of traumatic. |
44 | 00:05:09,744 | 00:05:12,529 | In the attacks by whites | In the attacks by whites |
45 | 00:05:12,573 | 00:05:15,532 | he lost his father and his infant brother | he lost his father and his infant brother |
46 | 00:05:15,576 | 00:05:17,404 | at a very early age. | at a very early age. |
47 | 00:05:20,711 | 00:05:22,713 | He was constantly moving | He was constantly moving |
48 | 00:05:22,757 | 00:05:25,716 | to try to avoid attack. | to try to avoid attack. |
49 | 00:05:31,592 | 00:05:35,726 | At the age of ten, he was taken in to Blackfish's family | At the age of ten, he was taken in to Blackfish's family |
50 | 00:05:35,770 | 00:05:37,772 | and treated as a foster son. | and treated as a foster son. |
51 | 00:05:43,168 | 00:05:45,214 | And then the loss of Blackfish | And then the loss of Blackfish |
52 | 00:05:45,257 | 00:05:47,434 | was the loss of yet another father figure | was the loss of yet another father figure |
53 | 00:05:47,477 | 00:05:49,740 | and yet another hero. | and yet another hero. |
54 | 00:05:54,615 | 00:05:57,879 | Determined to force settlers out of Ohio | Determined to force settlers out of Ohio |
55 | 00:05:57,922 | 00:06:01,361 | Tecumseh joins warriors from over a dozen tribes | Tecumseh joins warriors from over a dozen tribes |
56 | 00:06:01,404 | 00:06:03,537 | in guerilla attacks along the frontier. | in guerilla attacks along the frontier. |
57 | 00:06:04,929 | 00:06:06,583 | Over the next year | Over the next year |
58 | 00:06:06,627 | 00:06:08,542 | 2500 Americans are killed. | 2500 Americans are killed. |
59 | 00:06:11,719 | 00:06:14,417 | In one attack alone, Native American warriors | In one attack alone, Native American warriors |
60 | 00:06:14,461 | 00:06:17,072 | wipe out 1000 local militiamen. | wipe out 1000 local militiamen. |
61 | 00:06:18,247 | 00:06:20,292 | Native people see | Native people see |
62 | 00:06:20,336 | 00:06:24,601 | the United States as weak, militarily. | the United States as weak, militarily. |
63 | 00:06:24,645 | 00:06:27,691 | In native people's minds, they could defeat the Americans | In native people's minds, they could defeat the Americans |
64 | 00:06:27,735 | 00:06:30,215 | and take control of Ohio again. | and take control of Ohio again. |
65 | 00:06:32,261 | 00:06:34,437 | By 1793 | By 1793 |
66 | 00:06:34,481 | 00:06:37,919 | the flow of settlers grinds to a halt | the flow of settlers grinds to a halt |
67 | 00:06:37,962 | 00:06:40,661 | creating a crisis in the nation's capital. | creating a crisis in the nation's capital. |
68 | 00:06:51,933 | 00:06:55,806 | President George Washington is starting his second term | President George Washington is starting his second term |
69 | 00:06:55,850 | 00:06:59,201 | and the government owes over 75 million dollars | and the government owes over 75 million dollars |
70 | 00:06:59,244 | 00:07:01,943 | to France, Spain and the Netherlands.. | to France, Spain and the Netherlands.. |
71 | 00:07:01,986 | 00:07:05,903 | ...nations that helped finance the Revolutionary War. | ...nations that helped finance the Revolutionary War. |
72 | 00:07:05,947 | 00:07:07,862 | Washington's plan to pay it off | Washington's plan to pay it off |
73 | 00:07:07,905 | 00:07:12,040 | hinges on settlers buying frontier land. | hinges on settlers buying frontier land. |
74 | 00:07:12,083 | 00:07:14,782 | Each acre costs one dollar | Each acre costs one dollar |
75 | 00:07:14,825 | 00:07:16,000 | and the government has | and the government has |
76 | 00:07:16,044 | 00:07:20,744 | a 160 million acres to sell. | a 160 million acres to sell. |
77 | 00:07:20,788 | 00:07:23,660 | The only hope to get out of these massive debts | The only hope to get out of these massive debts |
78 | 00:07:23,704 | 00:07:26,968 | is to sell those lands in the west. | is to sell those lands in the west. |
79 | 00:07:27,011 | 00:07:30,319 | But, the Native American people there, uh, were not about | But, the Native American people there, uh, were not about |
80 | 00:07:30,362 | 00:07:32,887 | to accept all these Americans flooding over the Appalachians. | to accept all these Americans flooding over the Appalachians. |
81 | 00:07:32,930 | 00:07:35,498 | And they attack. | And they attack. |
82 | 00:07:35,542 | 00:07:37,979 | Well, this now starts to inhibit | Well, this now starts to inhibit |
83 | 00:07:38,022 | 00:07:40,242 | the sale of all these lands | the sale of all these lands |
84 | 00:07:40,285 | 00:07:41,678 | that the federal government is counting on | that the federal government is counting on |
85 | 00:07:41,722 | 00:07:43,593 | to balance their budget. | to balance their budget. |
86 | 00:07:47,945 | 00:07:50,905 | Four years earlier, Washington commissioned | Four years earlier, Washington commissioned |
87 | 00:07:50,948 | 00:07:53,255 | the nation's first professional army. | the nation's first professional army. |
88 | 00:07:55,649 | 00:07:59,435 | Now he sends over 2000 troops to the Ohio Territory | Now he sends over 2000 troops to the Ohio Territory |
89 | 00:07:59,479 | 00:08:02,046 | to crush Native American resistance | to crush Native American resistance |
90 | 00:08:02,090 | 00:08:05,572 | and reopen the frontier to land sales. | and reopen the frontier to land sales. |
91 | 00:08:05,615 | 00:08:09,489 | Washington recognizes that the bloodshed has to stop. | Washington recognizes that the bloodshed has to stop. |
92 | 00:08:09,532 | 00:08:11,491 | It compels Washington to send troops | It compels Washington to send troops |
93 | 00:08:11,534 | 00:08:13,797 | to provide a barrier of protection | to provide a barrier of protection |
94 | 00:08:13,841 | 00:08:15,756 | for American settlers in the region | for American settlers in the region |
95 | 00:08:15,799 | 00:08:17,845 | and, in some sense, to encourage people | and, in some sense, to encourage people |
96 | 00:08:17,888 | 00:08:19,847 | to continue to move out into the frontier | to continue to move out into the frontier |
97 | 00:08:19,890 | 00:08:21,631 | which everyone understood at that point | which everyone understood at that point |
98 | 00:08:21,675 | 00:08:23,459 | would be the future of the United States. | would be the future of the United States. |
99 | 00:08:33,600 | 00:08:35,166 | Among the army's officers | Among the army's officers |
100 | 00:08:35,210 | 00:08:37,473 | is a man who will one day be president.. | is a man who will one day be president.. |
101 | 00:08:39,344 | 00:08:42,260 | ...William Henry Harrison. | ...William Henry Harrison. |
102 | 00:08:42,304 | 00:08:46,047 | William Henry Harrison was a very ambitious man. | William Henry Harrison was a very ambitious man. |
103 | 00:08:46,090 | 00:08:50,225 | And he saw the west as a stepping stone | And he saw the west as a stepping stone |
104 | 00:08:50,268 | 00:08:53,794 | to reach national stature and leadership. | to reach national stature and leadership. |
105 | 00:08:58,015 | 00:09:01,105 | One of Harrison's officers is a young lieutenant | One of Harrison's officers is a young lieutenant |
106 | 00:09:01,149 | 00:09:03,760 | who in just 12 years will help lead one of | who in just 12 years will help lead one of |
107 | 00:09:03,804 | 00:09:06,720 | the greatest expeditions in American history. | the greatest expeditions in American history. |
108 | 00:09:08,417 | 00:09:11,289 | His name is William Clark. | His name is William Clark. |
109 | 00:09:11,333 | 00:09:14,684 | His brother fought with Daniel Boone in the revolution | His brother fought with Daniel Boone in the revolution |
110 | 00:09:14,728 | 00:09:16,643 | and now he's determined | and now he's determined |
111 | 00:09:16,686 | 00:09:20,255 | to make a name for himself. | to make a name for himself. |
112 | 00:09:20,298 | 00:09:21,996 | William Clark was the younger brother | William Clark was the younger brother |
113 | 00:09:22,039 | 00:09:24,955 | of a very famous man, George Rogers Clark. | of a very famous man, George Rogers Clark. |
114 | 00:09:24,999 | 00:09:28,176 | George Rogers Clark had played this really important role | George Rogers Clark had played this really important role |
115 | 00:09:28,219 | 00:09:31,527 | in America's successful Revolutionary War in the west. | in America's successful Revolutionary War in the west. |
116 | 00:09:31,571 | 00:09:34,399 | All of his life, William had been comparing himself | All of his life, William had been comparing himself |
117 | 00:09:34,443 | 00:09:36,445 | to his older and famous brother. | to his older and famous brother. |
118 | 00:09:36,488 | 00:09:39,143 | He wanted to prove his own worth. | He wanted to prove his own worth. |
119 | 00:09:42,930 | 00:09:45,367 | The army's mission is clear. | The army's mission is clear. |
120 | 00:09:45,410 | 00:09:47,587 | Eradicate the Native American threat. | Eradicate the Native American threat. |
121 | 00:09:58,859 | 00:10:02,297 | But the resistance has grown to 1500 warriors | But the resistance has grown to 1500 warriors |
122 | 00:10:02,340 | 00:10:05,474 | from dozens of tribes.. | from dozens of tribes.. |
123 | 00:10:05,517 | 00:10:08,042 | ...including Tecumseh's Shawnee. | ...including Tecumseh's Shawnee. |
124 | 00:10:10,174 | 00:10:11,654 | And they've been secretly tracking | And they've been secretly tracking |
125 | 00:10:11,698 | 00:10:13,438 | the army through Ohio. | the army through Ohio. |
126 | 00:10:36,940 | 00:10:38,289 | Return fire! | Return fire! |
127 | 00:11:02,009 | 00:11:05,534 | Fall back! | Fall back! |
128 | 00:11:42,702 | 00:11:45,574 | On the northwestern edge of modern-day Ohio.. | On the northwestern edge of modern-day Ohio.. |
129 | 00:11:47,445 | 00:11:49,317 | ...William Henry Harrison | ...William Henry Harrison |
130 | 00:11:49,360 | 00:11:52,363 | and the US Army brigade sent by George Washington | and the US Army brigade sent by George Washington |
131 | 00:11:52,407 | 00:11:54,322 | to secure the frontier | to secure the frontier |
132 | 00:11:54,365 | 00:11:56,628 | are under a surprise attack | are under a surprise attack |
133 | 00:11:56,672 | 00:11:59,544 | by native warriors, including Tecumseh. | by native warriors, including Tecumseh. |
134 | 00:12:02,373 | 00:12:03,679 | Fall back! | Fall back! |
135 | 00:12:05,376 | 00:12:06,638 | Fall back! | Fall back! |
136 | 00:12:20,087 | 00:12:21,741 | Lieutenant William Clark | Lieutenant William Clark |
137 | 00:12:21,784 | 00:12:24,613 | regroups his men for a counter strike. | regroups his men for a counter strike. |
138 | 00:12:25,745 | 00:12:26,963 | Fix bayonets. | Fix bayonets. |
139 | 00:12:30,010 | 00:12:31,141 | 'On my command.' | 'On my command.' |
140 | 00:12:38,975 | 00:12:40,847 | Charge! | Charge! |
141 | 00:12:56,471 | 00:12:57,472 | Fire! | Fire! |
142 | 00:13:04,653 | 00:13:05,785 | 'Fire!' | 'Fire!' |
143 | 00:13:10,528 | 00:13:12,922 | It's the largest US Army force | It's the largest US Army force |
144 | 00:13:12,966 | 00:13:16,752 | Native Americans like Tecumseh have faced in battle. | Native Americans like Tecumseh have faced in battle. |
145 | 00:13:16,796 | 00:13:18,406 | Fire! | Fire! |
146 | 00:13:18,449 | 00:13:20,582 | It turns into a bloodbath. | It turns into a bloodbath. |
147 | 00:13:41,908 | 00:13:44,562 | Overwhelmed and outnumbered | Overwhelmed and outnumbered |
148 | 00:13:44,606 | 00:13:46,869 | the Native Americans retreat. | the Native Americans retreat. |
149 | 00:13:46,913 | 00:13:49,437 | The battle was something of a turning point. | The battle was something of a turning point. |
150 | 00:13:49,480 | 00:13:53,354 | The natives had a sense of hope. | The natives had a sense of hope. |
151 | 00:13:53,397 | 00:13:57,358 | They believed that they were in a position of power | They believed that they were in a position of power |
152 | 00:13:57,401 | 00:14:00,361 | in comparison to the US. | in comparison to the US. |
153 | 00:14:00,404 | 00:14:04,495 | And here they realize that is not the case. | And here they realize that is not the case. |
154 | 00:14:04,539 | 00:14:06,628 | The conflict will become known | The conflict will become known |
155 | 00:14:06,671 | 00:14:09,283 | as the Battle of Fallen Timbers. | as the Battle of Fallen Timbers. |
156 | 00:14:09,326 | 00:14:12,547 | And it changes the balance of power on the frontier. | And it changes the balance of power on the frontier. |
157 | 00:14:25,429 | 00:14:27,910 | Within a year.. | Within a year.. |
158 | 00:14:27,954 | 00:14:31,696 | ...at Fort Greenville in western Ohio.. | ...at Fort Greenville in western Ohio.. |
159 | 00:14:31,740 | 00:14:34,917 | ...the victorious Harrison finalizes a peace treaty | ...the victorious Harrison finalizes a peace treaty |
160 | 00:14:34,961 | 00:14:36,484 | with the Native American leaders. | with the Native American leaders. |
161 | 00:14:45,754 | 00:14:49,584 | Convinced they can't defeat the powerful US Army | Convinced they can't defeat the powerful US Army |
162 | 00:14:49,627 | 00:14:52,108 | over a dozen tribes surrender their lands | over a dozen tribes surrender their lands |
163 | 00:14:52,152 | 00:14:53,980 | in the Ohio Territory.. | in the Ohio Territory.. |
164 | 00:14:56,460 | 00:14:59,637 | ...opening 25,000 square miles | ...opening 25,000 square miles |
165 | 00:14:59,681 | 00:15:01,509 | to peaceful settlement. | to peaceful settlement. |
166 | 00:15:05,817 | 00:15:08,690 | But some tribes refuse to accept defeat. | But some tribes refuse to accept defeat. |
167 | 00:15:13,434 | 00:15:16,611 | Tecumseh did not sign the Treaty of Greenville | Tecumseh did not sign the Treaty of Greenville |
168 | 00:15:16,654 | 00:15:19,570 | because this was the land, his home space | because this was the land, his home space |
169 | 00:15:19,614 | 00:15:21,007 | that his people had always had | that his people had always had |
170 | 00:15:21,050 | 00:15:23,183 | that his, his father gave his life for | that his, his father gave his life for |
171 | 00:15:23,226 | 00:15:25,011 | that his older brother gave his life for. | that his older brother gave his life for. |
172 | 00:15:29,232 | 00:15:30,668 | If he was going to sign with anything | If he was going to sign with anything |
173 | 00:15:30,712 | 00:15:32,235 | he was gonna sign with his own blood. | he was gonna sign with his own blood. |
174 | 00:15:38,633 | 00:15:41,157 | Tecumseh retreats beyond the Ohio River.. | Tecumseh retreats beyond the Ohio River.. |
175 | 00:15:43,072 | 00:15:45,118 | ...to plan his next move. | ...to plan his next move. |
176 | 00:15:51,951 | 00:15:53,474 | Over the next decade.. | Over the next decade.. |
177 | 00:15:55,128 | 00:15:57,434 | ...42,000 pioneers | ...42,000 pioneers |
178 | 00:15:57,478 | 00:16:00,307 | take advantage of the new-found peace | take advantage of the new-found peace |
179 | 00:16:00,350 | 00:16:04,615 | streaming into modern-day Ohio and Indiana | streaming into modern-day Ohio and Indiana |
180 | 00:16:04,659 | 00:16:06,966 | to carve out a new life on the frontier. | to carve out a new life on the frontier. |
181 | 00:16:12,232 | 00:16:14,625 | The people that went to the frontier | The people that went to the frontier |
182 | 00:16:14,669 | 00:16:17,367 | were people that wanted a new life. | were people that wanted a new life. |
183 | 00:16:17,411 | 00:16:18,716 | They wanted to make some money. | They wanted to make some money. |
184 | 00:16:18,760 | 00:16:21,371 | They wanted to get land. | They wanted to get land. |
185 | 00:16:21,415 | 00:16:24,418 | One thing that characterizes this country | One thing that characterizes this country |
186 | 00:16:24,461 | 00:16:28,944 | is that we like the idea of charting our own destiny | is that we like the idea of charting our own destiny |
187 | 00:16:28,988 | 00:16:31,991 | and that was the frontier for so many Americans. | and that was the frontier for so many Americans. |
188 | 00:16:41,174 | 00:16:43,437 | With the frontier seemingly at peace | With the frontier seemingly at peace |
189 | 00:16:43,480 | 00:16:45,482 | many Americans feel confident. | many Americans feel confident. |
190 | 00:16:48,746 | 00:16:50,357 | But in Washington | But in Washington |
191 | 00:16:50,400 | 00:16:52,794 | newly-elected president, Thomas Jefferson | newly-elected president, Thomas Jefferson |
192 | 00:16:52,837 | 00:16:54,970 | isn't convinced. | isn't convinced. |
193 | 00:16:55,014 | 00:16:56,885 | He sees a young nation | He sees a young nation |
194 | 00:16:56,928 | 00:17:01,585 | surrounded by powerful empires hungry for land. | surrounded by powerful empires hungry for land. |
195 | 00:17:01,629 | 00:17:05,198 | France to the south, Spain to the southwest | France to the south, Spain to the southwest |
196 | 00:17:05,241 | 00:17:08,375 | and the biggest threat of all, Great Britain to the north. | and the biggest threat of all, Great Britain to the north. |
197 | 00:17:11,639 | 00:17:14,207 | When the British acknowledged American independence | When the British acknowledged American independence |
198 | 00:17:14,250 | 00:17:16,209 | they did so with an understanding | they did so with an understanding |
199 | 00:17:16,252 | 00:17:18,863 | that they still intended to be influential. | that they still intended to be influential. |
200 | 00:17:18,907 | 00:17:20,474 | And they still had designs | And they still had designs |
201 | 00:17:20,517 | 00:17:22,128 | on the western part of North America. | on the western part of North America. |
202 | 00:17:22,171 | 00:17:24,217 | And they were very suspicious | And they were very suspicious |
203 | 00:17:24,260 | 00:17:27,698 | of the emergence of the United States. | of the emergence of the United States. |
204 | 00:17:27,742 | 00:17:29,135 | Jefferson believes there's only | Jefferson believes there's only |
205 | 00:17:29,178 | 00:17:30,875 | one way to protect America. | one way to protect America. |
206 | 00:17:32,747 | 00:17:34,705 | Expand. | Expand. |
207 | 00:17:34,749 | 00:17:36,011 | Jefferson has a vision | Jefferson has a vision |
208 | 00:17:36,055 | 00:17:37,708 | for the future of America. | for the future of America. |
209 | 00:17:37,752 | 00:17:39,623 | And his idea is that | And his idea is that |
210 | 00:17:39,667 | 00:17:44,193 | in order for America to be a free and independent country | in order for America to be a free and independent country |
211 | 00:17:44,237 | 00:17:46,587 | it's gotta be a country of independent land owners. | it's gotta be a country of independent land owners. |
212 | 00:17:48,458 | 00:17:51,026 | And in order for that to happen, it's gotta spread. | And in order for that to happen, it's gotta spread. |
213 | 00:17:54,290 | 00:17:57,989 | When Jefferson looked west, he saw empty space. | When Jefferson looked west, he saw empty space. |
214 | 00:17:58,033 | 00:18:00,253 | He saw a sort of blank slate. | He saw a sort of blank slate. |
215 | 00:18:00,296 | 00:18:02,168 | He didn't want to share America | He didn't want to share America |
216 | 00:18:02,211 | 00:18:05,823 | with old-world powers like France and Spain and Britain. | with old-world powers like France and Spain and Britain. |
217 | 00:18:05,867 | 00:18:08,130 | So he wanted, effectively pave the way | So he wanted, effectively pave the way |
218 | 00:18:08,174 | 00:18:12,047 | for America's control of the entire American continent | for America's control of the entire American continent |
219 | 00:18:12,091 | 00:18:13,570 | between the Atlantic and the Pacific. | between the Atlantic and the Pacific. |
220 | 00:18:16,573 | 00:18:18,097 | To realize his vision | To realize his vision |
221 | 00:18:18,140 | 00:18:20,099 | Jefferson takes a huge risk. | Jefferson takes a huge risk. |
222 | 00:18:22,231 | 00:18:25,060 | In the spring of 1803 | In the spring of 1803 |
223 | 00:18:25,104 | 00:18:28,194 | he secretly negotiates with Napoleon | he secretly negotiates with Napoleon |
224 | 00:18:28,237 | 00:18:30,500 | to buy the French port of New Orleans. | to buy the French port of New Orleans. |
225 | 00:18:33,808 | 00:18:37,159 | Jefferson understood that whoever controlled New Orleans | Jefferson understood that whoever controlled New Orleans |
226 | 00:18:37,203 | 00:18:38,987 | controlled the Mississippi Valley. | controlled the Mississippi Valley. |
227 | 00:18:42,208 | 00:18:44,471 | To his surprise, the French government said | To his surprise, the French government said |
228 | 00:18:44,514 | 00:18:46,255 | "Why don't you take the rest of Louisiana?" | "Why don't you take the rest of Louisiana?" |
229 | 00:18:52,174 | 00:18:55,090 | Jefferson had not gone out looking for Louisiana. | Jefferson had not gone out looking for Louisiana. |
230 | 00:18:55,134 | 00:18:57,179 | Napoleon essentially dropped it in Jefferson's lap. | Napoleon essentially dropped it in Jefferson's lap. |
231 | 00:19:02,532 | 00:19:05,013 | Known as the Louisiana Purchase | Known as the Louisiana Purchase |
232 | 00:19:05,056 | 00:19:08,669 | this vast tract of land costs 15 million dollars. | this vast tract of land costs 15 million dollars. |
233 | 00:19:10,236 | 00:19:12,368 | About 250 million today. | About 250 million today. |
234 | 00:19:15,893 | 00:19:18,722 | It stretches from the Mississippi to the Rockies | It stretches from the Mississippi to the Rockies |
235 | 00:19:18,766 | 00:19:22,248 | and from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada | and from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada |
236 | 00:19:22,291 | 00:19:25,512 | doubling America's size overnight. | doubling America's size overnight. |
237 | 00:19:25,555 | 00:19:29,733 | The Louisiana Purchase was the greatest real-estate deal | The Louisiana Purchase was the greatest real-estate deal |
238 | 00:19:29,777 | 00:19:32,388 | in the history of the world, not just in American history. | in the history of the world, not just in American history. |
239 | 00:19:34,608 | 00:19:37,959 | And Thomas Jefferson had the boldness | And Thomas Jefferson had the boldness |
240 | 00:19:38,002 | 00:19:41,267 | to run quickly and make that deal. | to run quickly and make that deal. |
241 | 00:19:44,966 | 00:19:46,881 | But not everyone sees the value | But not everyone sees the value |
242 | 00:19:46,924 | 00:19:49,710 | of the Louisiana Purchase. | of the Louisiana Purchase. |
243 | 00:19:49,753 | 00:19:52,756 | Jefferson's enemies said, "The President is buying land | Jefferson's enemies said, "The President is buying land |
244 | 00:19:52,800 | 00:19:56,369 | that we don't require, with money that we don't have." | that we don't require, with money that we don't have." |
245 | 00:19:56,412 | 00:19:58,588 | But Jefferson realized two things | But Jefferson realized two things |
246 | 00:19:58,632 | 00:20:00,590 | a great bargain when he saw it | a great bargain when he saw it |
247 | 00:20:00,634 | 00:20:04,246 | and that this was probably the most important moment | and that this was probably the most important moment |
248 | 00:20:04,290 | 00:20:06,248 | thus far in American history. | thus far in American history. |
249 | 00:20:08,294 | 00:20:09,556 | The president has a plan | The president has a plan |
250 | 00:20:09,599 | 00:20:11,949 | to prove his doubters wrong. | to prove his doubters wrong. |
251 | 00:20:11,993 | 00:20:13,777 | He'll send an expedition | He'll send an expedition |
252 | 00:20:13,821 | 00:20:16,867 | to explore the new land. | to explore the new land. |
253 | 00:20:16,911 | 00:20:18,608 | But he won't stop there. | But he won't stop there. |
254 | 00:20:18,652 | 00:20:21,916 | His goal is to go all the way to the Pacific | His goal is to go all the way to the Pacific |
255 | 00:20:21,959 | 00:20:25,876 | and claim the western coast of the continent for America. | and claim the western coast of the continent for America. |
256 | 00:20:25,920 | 00:20:27,922 | It took Jefferson, a man who never traveled | It took Jefferson, a man who never traveled |
257 | 00:20:27,965 | 00:20:30,664 | more than 50 miles west of his birthplace | more than 50 miles west of his birthplace |
258 | 00:20:30,707 | 00:20:33,144 | to have the vision to do this thing | to have the vision to do this thing |
259 | 00:20:33,188 | 00:20:35,669 | and to create what he called an "Empire for Liberty." | and to create what he called an "Empire for Liberty." |
260 | 00:20:35,712 | 00:20:39,803 | So this story is as important a foundation story | So this story is as important a foundation story |
261 | 00:20:39,847 | 00:20:42,415 | of American greatness as any other story we have. | of American greatness as any other story we have. |
262 | 00:20:56,211 | 00:20:58,561 | President Thomas Jefferson has to explore | President Thomas Jefferson has to explore |
263 | 00:20:58,605 | 00:21:02,696 | over 800,000 square miles of newly-purchased land | over 800,000 square miles of newly-purchased land |
264 | 00:21:02,739 | 00:21:05,220 | and find a trade route to the Pacific Ocean. | and find a trade route to the Pacific Ocean. |
265 | 00:21:06,787 | 00:21:08,441 | To lead the mission | To lead the mission |
266 | 00:21:08,484 | 00:21:11,313 | Jefferson turns to his most trusted aide | Jefferson turns to his most trusted aide |
267 | 00:21:11,357 | 00:21:15,012 | an old family friend named Meriwether Lewis. | an old family friend named Meriwether Lewis. |
268 | 00:21:15,056 | 00:21:16,666 | Send this out right away. | Send this out right away. |
269 | 00:21:19,452 | 00:21:22,759 | Thomas Jefferson had known Meriwether Lewis' father. | Thomas Jefferson had known Meriwether Lewis' father. |
270 | 00:21:22,803 | 00:21:24,152 | He had known Meriwether Lewis | He had known Meriwether Lewis |
271 | 00:21:24,195 | 00:21:26,807 | since he was a child, practically. | since he was a child, practically. |
272 | 00:21:26,850 | 00:21:29,244 | He served as President Thomas Jefferson's | He served as President Thomas Jefferson's |
273 | 00:21:29,288 | 00:21:32,334 | private secretary for two years. | private secretary for two years. |
274 | 00:21:32,378 | 00:21:33,944 | Thomas Jefferson knew | Thomas Jefferson knew |
275 | 00:21:33,988 | 00:21:36,382 | Meriwether Lewis was a very intelligent person | Meriwether Lewis was a very intelligent person |
276 | 00:21:36,425 | 00:21:38,253 | and he knew that Meriwether Lewis | and he knew that Meriwether Lewis |
277 | 00:21:38,297 | 00:21:41,169 | would understand what his objectives were. | would understand what his objectives were. |
278 | 00:21:41,212 | 00:21:44,041 | And he certainly expected him to carry those out. | And he certainly expected him to carry those out. |
279 | 00:21:47,175 | 00:21:49,873 | For Lewis, it's the opportunity of a lifetime.. | For Lewis, it's the opportunity of a lifetime.. |
280 | 00:21:51,875 | 00:21:55,270 | ...one that comes despite a troubled past. | ...one that comes despite a troubled past. |
281 | 00:22:02,408 | 00:22:06,150 | While serving in the army, a series of barroom brawls | While serving in the army, a series of barroom brawls |
282 | 00:22:06,194 | 00:22:08,283 | earns young Lewis a court martial.. | earns young Lewis a court martial.. |
283 | 00:22:11,417 | 00:22:14,898 | ...and a transfer to a remote outpost in the Ohio Territory. | ...and a transfer to a remote outpost in the Ohio Territory. |
284 | 00:22:16,813 | 00:22:19,860 | His commander, William Clark | His commander, William Clark |
285 | 00:22:19,903 | 00:22:22,689 | a hero from the Battle of Fallen Timbers | a hero from the Battle of Fallen Timbers |
286 | 00:22:22,732 | 00:22:25,561 | and a man who will alter the course of his life. | and a man who will alter the course of his life. |
287 | 00:22:46,539 | 00:22:47,801 | I will not tolerate any fighting | I will not tolerate any fighting |
288 | 00:22:47,844 | 00:22:50,151 | amongst the men under my command. | amongst the men under my command. |
289 | 00:22:50,194 | 00:22:52,240 | Is that clear? | Is that clear? |
290 | 00:22:52,283 | 00:22:53,459 | Yes, sir. | Yes, sir. |
291 | 00:22:55,112 | 00:22:56,244 | You're dismissed. | You're dismissed. |
292 | 00:23:01,684 | 00:23:05,166 | Lewis' father died when he was just a boy. | Lewis' father died when he was just a boy. |
293 | 00:23:05,209 | 00:23:06,863 | It's possible to see Lewis | It's possible to see Lewis |
294 | 00:23:06,907 | 00:23:09,475 | as searching for, perhaps, a father figure | as searching for, perhaps, a father figure |
295 | 00:23:09,518 | 00:23:12,565 | or a figure of stability in his life. | or a figure of stability in his life. |
296 | 00:23:12,608 | 00:23:15,306 | And I think Clark immediately recognized | And I think Clark immediately recognized |
297 | 00:23:15,350 | 00:23:18,571 | that Lewis was extremely intelligent | that Lewis was extremely intelligent |
298 | 00:23:18,614 | 00:23:22,139 | but that he also was troubled in some essential way. | but that he also was troubled in some essential way. |
299 | 00:23:24,751 | 00:23:28,842 | Under Clark, Lewis learns structure and discipline | Under Clark, Lewis learns structure and discipline |
300 | 00:23:28,885 | 00:23:30,974 | and he rises through the military ranks. | and he rises through the military ranks. |
301 | 00:23:33,499 | 00:23:36,023 | By 1800, he's promoted to captain. | By 1800, he's promoted to captain. |
302 | 00:23:39,243 | 00:23:42,725 | Clark had an enormous stabilizing effect | Clark had an enormous stabilizing effect |
303 | 00:23:42,769 | 00:23:44,553 | on Meriwether Lewis. | on Meriwether Lewis. |
304 | 00:23:44,597 | 00:23:46,642 | And from that moment on | And from that moment on |
305 | 00:23:46,686 | 00:23:49,471 | they formed a-a very close friendship. | they formed a-a very close friendship. |
306 | 00:23:49,515 | 00:23:51,604 | Clark was always the older brother | Clark was always the older brother |
307 | 00:23:51,647 | 00:23:53,040 | who was doing what he could | who was doing what he could |
308 | 00:23:53,083 | 00:23:55,303 | to calm down his mercurial friend | to calm down his mercurial friend |
309 | 00:23:55,346 | 00:23:58,393 | and to keep him on task. | and to keep him on task. |
310 | 00:23:58,437 | 00:24:01,309 | In 1801, Lewis is called to the White House. | In 1801, Lewis is called to the White House. |
311 | 00:24:06,662 | 00:24:09,099 | Now, two years later | Now, two years later |
312 | 00:24:09,143 | 00:24:11,624 | he prepares for the most ambitious expedition | he prepares for the most ambitious expedition |
313 | 00:24:11,667 | 00:24:14,322 | in the young nation's history | in the young nation's history |
314 | 00:24:14,365 | 00:24:17,673 | exploring the newly-acquired Louisiana Territory. | exploring the newly-acquired Louisiana Territory. |
315 | 00:24:21,068 | 00:24:23,766 | The Missouri could possibly lead | The Missouri could possibly lead |
316 | 00:24:23,810 | 00:24:25,594 | all the way to the western coast. | all the way to the western coast. |
317 | 00:24:25,638 | 00:24:26,813 | Look. | Look. |
318 | 00:24:33,341 | 00:24:35,125 | Lewis spends nearly a year | Lewis spends nearly a year |
319 | 00:24:35,169 | 00:24:37,301 | learning everything he can about the frontier. | learning everything he can about the frontier. |
320 | 00:24:39,347 | 00:24:42,045 | Jefferson has one of the world's best libraries | Jefferson has one of the world's best libraries |
321 | 00:24:42,089 | 00:24:44,221 | and he gives Lewis a crash course | and he gives Lewis a crash course |
322 | 00:24:44,265 | 00:24:46,833 | in geography and science. | in geography and science. |
323 | 00:24:46,876 | 00:24:50,227 | Jefferson helped him to learn latitude and longitude. | Jefferson helped him to learn latitude and longitude. |
324 | 00:24:50,271 | 00:24:53,796 | Lewis worked with America's most famous botanist. | Lewis worked with America's most famous botanist. |
325 | 00:24:53,840 | 00:24:56,059 | He learned something about medicine. | He learned something about medicine. |
326 | 00:24:56,103 | 00:24:59,410 | And so in the, in the course of a couple of months | And so in the, in the course of a couple of months |
327 | 00:24:59,454 | 00:25:02,109 | Lewis got a smattering of all of the enlightenment arts | Lewis got a smattering of all of the enlightenment arts |
328 | 00:25:02,152 | 00:25:03,937 | that an explorer ought to have. | that an explorer ought to have. |
329 | 00:25:07,549 | 00:25:09,595 | But despite their preparations | But despite their preparations |
330 | 00:25:09,638 | 00:25:11,988 | neither Lewis nor Jefferson can predict | neither Lewis nor Jefferson can predict |
331 | 00:25:12,032 | 00:25:15,731 | what the expedition might face. | what the expedition might face. |
332 | 00:25:15,775 | 00:25:16,906 | The middle part of the continent | The middle part of the continent |
333 | 00:25:16,950 | 00:25:19,039 | was completely a blank map. | was completely a blank map. |
334 | 00:25:19,082 | 00:25:21,694 | They didn't know what was out there. | They didn't know what was out there. |
335 | 00:25:21,737 | 00:25:24,348 | No Americans, no Europeans | No Americans, no Europeans |
336 | 00:25:24,392 | 00:25:27,090 | had been across that part of the continent. | had been across that part of the continent. |
337 | 00:25:27,134 | 00:25:30,093 | And Jefferson, in fact, thought there were dinosaurs out there. | And Jefferson, in fact, thought there were dinosaurs out there. |
338 | 00:25:41,278 | 00:25:43,585 | In May 1804 | In May 1804 |
339 | 00:25:43,629 | 00:25:45,761 | Lewis arrives in Missouri | Lewis arrives in Missouri |
340 | 00:25:45,805 | 00:25:48,808 | the staging ground for his expedition | the staging ground for his expedition |
341 | 00:25:48,851 | 00:25:50,810 | and is reunited with the mentor | and is reunited with the mentor |
342 | 00:25:50,853 | 00:25:52,638 | he handpicked for the mission. | he handpicked for the mission. |
343 | 00:25:56,380 | 00:25:57,730 | Captain Lewis. | Captain Lewis. |
344 | 00:25:59,470 | 00:26:00,863 | Captain Clark. | Captain Clark. |
345 | 00:26:02,952 | 00:26:05,825 | A pleasure to see you again. | A pleasure to see you again. |
346 | 00:26:05,868 | 00:26:09,829 | Clark recognized that Lewis was a genius. | Clark recognized that Lewis was a genius. |
347 | 00:26:09,872 | 00:26:13,006 | He was asked almost at the last minute to join Lewis. | He was asked almost at the last minute to join Lewis. |
348 | 00:26:13,049 | 00:26:15,138 | He was quite happy to do so. | He was quite happy to do so. |
349 | 00:26:15,182 | 00:26:17,924 | He wanted to be a part of the great, heroic crossing | He wanted to be a part of the great, heroic crossing |
350 | 00:26:17,967 | 00:26:19,099 | of the continent. | of the continent. |
351 | 00:26:24,017 | 00:26:26,541 | Careful, boys. Come on, two hands, two hands. | Careful, boys. Come on, two hands, two hands. |
352 | 00:26:27,847 | 00:26:31,894 | There we go. Good. | There we go. Good. |
353 | 00:26:31,938 | 00:26:33,287 | Lewis and Clark | Lewis and Clark |
354 | 00:26:33,330 | 00:26:36,290 | their strengths and strong qualities | their strengths and strong qualities |
355 | 00:26:36,333 | 00:26:37,508 | complement each other. | complement each other. |
356 | 00:26:38,901 | 00:26:39,815 | Alright. | Alright. |
357 | 00:26:41,687 | 00:26:43,776 | There could not have been a better duo | There could not have been a better duo |
358 | 00:26:43,819 | 00:26:46,822 | uniquely positioned to help lead America into that area. | uniquely positioned to help lead America into that area. |
359 | 00:26:52,654 | 00:26:56,179 | Lewis and Clark will lead 45 men west | Lewis and Clark will lead 45 men west |
360 | 00:26:56,223 | 00:26:58,791 | past the boundaries of known civilization. | past the boundaries of known civilization. |
361 | 00:27:00,706 | 00:27:02,403 | They hope the Missouri River | They hope the Missouri River |
362 | 00:27:02,446 | 00:27:05,406 | will connect directly to the Pacific Ocean | will connect directly to the Pacific Ocean |
363 | 00:27:05,449 | 00:27:07,495 | but it's uncharted wilderness. | but it's uncharted wilderness. |
364 | 00:27:10,150 | 00:27:13,588 | The map that Lewis and Clark took went to, like, St. Louis | The map that Lewis and Clark took went to, like, St. Louis |
365 | 00:27:13,632 | 00:27:15,590 | and then was blank, blank, blank, blank, blank. | and then was blank, blank, blank, blank, blank. |
366 | 00:27:22,379 | 00:27:24,686 | Move those to the front. Thank you. | Move those to the front. Thank you. |
367 | 00:27:24,730 | 00:27:27,428 | Not knowing what dangers might lie ahead | Not knowing what dangers might lie ahead |
368 | 00:27:27,471 | 00:27:30,344 | the expedition amasses the largest arsenal | the expedition amasses the largest arsenal |
369 | 00:27:30,387 | 00:27:32,302 | the frontier has ever seen. | the frontier has ever seen. |
370 | 00:27:34,740 | 00:27:37,525 | Let's make sure these stay dry. | Let's make sure these stay dry. |
371 | 00:27:37,568 | 00:27:40,441 | It was as brilliantly planned an expedition | It was as brilliantly planned an expedition |
372 | 00:27:40,484 | 00:27:43,400 | as has ever been mounted by anybody. | as has ever been mounted by anybody. |
373 | 00:27:43,444 | 00:27:47,796 | They had weapons, gunpowder, ball, lead | They had weapons, gunpowder, ball, lead |
374 | 00:27:47,840 | 00:27:49,842 | and they carried medicine. | and they carried medicine. |
375 | 00:27:51,931 | 00:27:54,194 | The best estimate is that they were starting out | The best estimate is that they were starting out |
376 | 00:27:54,237 | 00:27:57,327 | with about 60,000 pounds worth of gear. | with about 60,000 pounds worth of gear. |
377 | 00:27:59,852 | 00:28:02,506 | On May 21st, 1804.. | On May 21st, 1804.. |
378 | 00:28:04,770 | 00:28:08,121 | ...Lewis and Clark begin their journey west. | ...Lewis and Clark begin their journey west. |
379 | 00:28:08,164 | 00:28:10,906 | I mean, to try to make it | I mean, to try to make it |
380 | 00:28:10,950 | 00:28:12,908 | all the way across our continent | all the way across our continent |
381 | 00:28:12,952 | 00:28:15,302 | and get to the Pacific Ocean | and get to the Pacific Ocean |
382 | 00:28:15,345 | 00:28:18,131 | is similar to what Neil and Buzz had | is similar to what Neil and Buzz had |
383 | 00:28:18,174 | 00:28:21,003 | on Apollo 11, possibly.. | on Apollo 11, possibly.. |
384 | 00:28:21,047 | 00:28:24,833 | ...going, uh, all the way to the surface of the moon. | ...going, uh, all the way to the surface of the moon. |
385 | 00:28:24,877 | 00:28:28,358 | Lewis and Clark have no idea what they'll find | Lewis and Clark have no idea what they'll find |
386 | 00:28:28,402 | 00:28:31,100 | or if they'll make it back alive. | or if they'll make it back alive. |
387 | 00:28:43,591 | 00:28:46,246 | President Thomas Jefferson has sent Lewis and Clark | President Thomas Jefferson has sent Lewis and Clark |
388 | 00:28:46,289 | 00:28:48,814 | on a mission to explore the Louisiana Territory.. | on a mission to explore the Louisiana Territory.. |
389 | 00:28:50,816 | 00:28:54,080 | ...and find a route to the Pacific Ocean. | ...and find a route to the Pacific Ocean. |
390 | 00:28:54,123 | 00:28:57,387 | If they succeed, it will open up vast new areas | If they succeed, it will open up vast new areas |
391 | 00:28:57,431 | 00:29:00,216 | to American trade and settlement | to American trade and settlement |
392 | 00:29:00,260 | 00:29:04,568 | and justify the boldest move of Jefferson's career. | and justify the boldest move of Jefferson's career. |
393 | 00:29:04,612 | 00:29:07,093 | Well, for Thomas Jefferson, he knew there was something | Well, for Thomas Jefferson, he knew there was something |
394 | 00:29:07,136 | 00:29:09,965 | out there in our great land, but he didn't know what it was. | out there in our great land, but he didn't know what it was. |
395 | 00:29:10,009 | 00:29:14,796 | It was a gamble to send Lewis and Clark. | It was a gamble to send Lewis and Clark. |
396 | 00:29:14,840 | 00:29:16,755 | Their plan is to use the Missouri River | Their plan is to use the Missouri River |
397 | 00:29:16,798 | 00:29:19,627 | as a highway following it | as a highway following it |
398 | 00:29:19,670 | 00:29:22,064 | as far west as possible. | as far west as possible. |
399 | 00:29:22,108 | 00:29:24,719 | In his greatest fantasy, Jefferson almost seems to see | In his greatest fantasy, Jefferson almost seems to see |
400 | 00:29:24,763 | 00:29:27,853 | a, a sort of interstate highway system of rivers | a, a sort of interstate highway system of rivers |
401 | 00:29:27,896 | 00:29:30,116 | where there are no barriers, where you somehow can just | where there are no barriers, where you somehow can just |
402 | 00:29:30,159 | 00:29:32,205 | thread your way across the continent | thread your way across the continent |
403 | 00:29:32,248 | 00:29:34,860 | with the greatest of ease. He should've known better. | with the greatest of ease. He should've known better. |
404 | 00:29:39,081 | 00:29:42,302 | By early winter 1804 | By early winter 1804 |
405 | 00:29:42,345 | 00:29:46,393 | Lewis and Clark are stalled in present-day North Dakota. | Lewis and Clark are stalled in present-day North Dakota. |
406 | 00:29:46,436 | 00:29:48,395 | They've come less than a thousand miles | They've come less than a thousand miles |
407 | 00:29:48,438 | 00:29:51,050 | from St. Louis. | from St. Louis. |
408 | 00:29:51,093 | 00:29:55,663 | They build a shelter called Fort Mandan. | They build a shelter called Fort Mandan. |
409 | 00:29:55,706 | 00:29:58,231 | It attracts a handful of trappers and traders | It attracts a handful of trappers and traders |
410 | 00:29:58,274 | 00:29:59,406 | venturing west. | venturing west. |
411 | 00:30:03,976 | 00:30:05,499 | While they were at Fort Mandan | While they were at Fort Mandan |
412 | 00:30:05,542 | 00:30:08,894 | there were also British and French traders | there were also British and French traders |
413 | 00:30:08,937 | 00:30:10,939 | who were embedded amongst the Mandan. | who were embedded amongst the Mandan. |
414 | 00:30:10,983 | 00:30:12,462 | And so they were asking questions | And so they were asking questions |
415 | 00:30:12,506 | 00:30:14,160 | of anybody they could find | of anybody they could find |
416 | 00:30:14,203 | 00:30:17,424 | what-what they should expect. | what-what they should expect. |
417 | 00:30:17,467 | 00:30:21,645 | They soon learn that further travel by water is impossible | They soon learn that further travel by water is impossible |
418 | 00:30:21,689 | 00:30:24,561 | and they'll have to continue overland. | and they'll have to continue overland. |
419 | 00:30:24,605 | 00:30:26,041 | Then, in November.. | Then, in November.. |
420 | 00:30:28,000 | 00:30:31,786 | ...they meet a French-Canadian trapper and his wife | ...they meet a French-Canadian trapper and his wife |
421 | 00:30:31,830 | 00:30:34,658 | a 17-year-old Shoshone | a 17-year-old Shoshone |
422 | 00:30:34,702 | 00:30:36,356 | named Sacagawea. | named Sacagawea. |
423 | 00:30:38,184 | 00:30:39,968 | Sacagawea was incredibly important | Sacagawea was incredibly important |
424 | 00:30:40,012 | 00:30:42,231 | to the Lewis and Clark expedition. | to the Lewis and Clark expedition. |
425 | 00:30:42,275 | 00:30:43,798 | She could be an ambassador for them | She could be an ambassador for them |
426 | 00:30:43,842 | 00:30:46,018 | somebody who could talk to the local Indians | somebody who could talk to the local Indians |
427 | 00:30:46,061 | 00:30:49,325 | and, uh, tell them what Lewis and Clark were doing there. | and, uh, tell them what Lewis and Clark were doing there. |
428 | 00:30:49,369 | 00:30:51,719 | And having a woman and especially a woman with a baby | And having a woman and especially a woman with a baby |
429 | 00:30:51,762 | 00:30:53,286 | with your party | with your party |
430 | 00:30:53,329 | 00:30:57,943 | was a universal sign that you came in peace. | was a universal sign that you came in peace. |
431 | 00:30:57,986 | 00:30:59,945 | With new plans in place | With new plans in place |
432 | 00:30:59,988 | 00:31:02,904 | Lewis and Clark wait out the winter in North Dakota. | Lewis and Clark wait out the winter in North Dakota. |
433 | 00:31:05,428 | 00:31:08,040 | Over a thousand miles away | Over a thousand miles away |
434 | 00:31:08,083 | 00:31:11,173 | settlers continue to pour into Native American lands | settlers continue to pour into Native American lands |
435 | 00:31:11,217 | 00:31:13,784 | in the Ohio Territory. | in the Ohio Territory. |
436 | 00:31:13,828 | 00:31:16,918 | With them comes the spread of a deadly disease.. | With them comes the spread of a deadly disease.. |
437 | 00:31:19,660 | 00:31:21,967 | ...smallpox. | ...smallpox. |
438 | 00:31:22,010 | 00:31:25,622 | And it hits Tecumseh's Shawnee tribe hard. | And it hits Tecumseh's Shawnee tribe hard. |
439 | 00:31:25,666 | 00:31:27,842 | The smallpox epidemics | The smallpox epidemics |
440 | 00:31:27,886 | 00:31:30,801 | were a tremendous blow | were a tremendous blow |
441 | 00:31:30,845 | 00:31:34,153 | to the Shawnees and to their neighbors. | to the Shawnees and to their neighbors. |
442 | 00:31:34,196 | 00:31:37,112 | There was, of course, widespread death | There was, of course, widespread death |
443 | 00:31:37,156 | 00:31:41,900 | brought to a people who were already destabilized | brought to a people who were already destabilized |
444 | 00:31:41,943 | 00:31:44,293 | by so many other factors. | by so many other factors. |
445 | 00:31:48,297 | 00:31:50,909 | Tecumseh had retreated to present-day Indiana | Tecumseh had retreated to present-day Indiana |
446 | 00:31:50,952 | 00:31:53,476 | after his defeat by the US Army | after his defeat by the US Army |
447 | 00:31:53,520 | 00:31:54,956 | at the Battle of Fallen Timbers.. | at the Battle of Fallen Timbers.. |
448 | 00:31:56,740 | 00:31:58,786 | ...hoping to plot a new strategy | ...hoping to plot a new strategy |
449 | 00:31:58,829 | 00:32:02,703 | to resist America's western expansion. | to resist America's western expansion. |
450 | 00:32:02,746 | 00:32:06,402 | But this unexpected crisis derails all his plans. | But this unexpected crisis derails all his plans. |
451 | 00:32:12,321 | 00:32:15,542 | In spring 1805 | In spring 1805 |
452 | 00:32:15,585 | 00:32:19,285 | Lewis and Clark follow their new guide, Sacagawea | Lewis and Clark follow their new guide, Sacagawea |
453 | 00:32:19,328 | 00:32:20,373 | into the wilderness. | into the wilderness. |
454 | 00:32:22,418 | 00:32:25,987 | They're trying to find an overland route to the Pacific. | They're trying to find an overland route to the Pacific. |
455 | 00:32:26,031 | 00:32:27,989 | If they succeed, they will open | If they succeed, they will open |
456 | 00:32:28,033 | 00:32:30,339 | the west to Jefferson's dream | the west to Jefferson's dream |
457 | 00:32:30,383 | 00:32:32,298 | and Tecumseh's worst fear.. | and Tecumseh's worst fear.. |
458 | 00:32:34,343 | 00:32:35,997 | ...more settlers. | ...more settlers. |
459 | 00:32:42,264 | 00:32:44,832 | They've moved beyond any known map | They've moved beyond any known map |
460 | 00:32:44,875 | 00:32:46,703 | charting new ones as they go. | charting new ones as they go. |
461 | 00:32:51,621 | 00:32:54,624 | They also identify over 300 new varieties | They also identify over 300 new varieties |
462 | 00:32:54,668 | 00:32:57,018 | of plants and animals | of plants and animals |
463 | 00:32:57,062 | 00:32:59,803 | completely changing what's known about wildlife | completely changing what's known about wildlife |
464 | 00:32:59,847 | 00:33:00,979 | in North America. | in North America. |
465 | 00:33:03,068 | 00:33:04,808 | It was part of Jefferson's plan | It was part of Jefferson's plan |
466 | 00:33:04,852 | 00:33:08,160 | to make this a scientific expedition. | to make this a scientific expedition. |
467 | 00:33:08,203 | 00:33:10,814 | Jefferson had always been curious about the frontier. | Jefferson had always been curious about the frontier. |
468 | 00:33:10,858 | 00:33:12,512 | He was curious about lots of things | He was curious about lots of things |
469 | 00:33:12,555 | 00:33:15,384 | including the flora and the fauna of the frontier | including the flora and the fauna of the frontier |
470 | 00:33:15,428 | 00:33:17,256 | things that he hadn't seen. | things that he hadn't seen. |
471 | 00:33:21,477 | 00:33:23,827 | Lewis and Clark spent literally hundreds of hours | Lewis and Clark spent literally hundreds of hours |
472 | 00:33:23,871 | 00:33:25,525 | taking down data | taking down data |
473 | 00:33:25,568 | 00:33:28,441 | and making repeated observations. | and making repeated observations. |
474 | 00:33:28,484 | 00:33:31,792 | Latitude, longitude, descriptions of animals | Latitude, longitude, descriptions of animals |
475 | 00:33:31,835 | 00:33:35,491 | descriptions of plants, mineral samples. | descriptions of plants, mineral samples. |
476 | 00:33:35,535 | 00:33:38,494 | Lewis discovered a 122 animals. | Lewis discovered a 122 animals. |
477 | 00:33:38,538 | 00:33:40,975 | The big-horned sheep and the grizzly bear | The big-horned sheep and the grizzly bear |
478 | 00:33:41,019 | 00:33:42,890 | and the pronghorn antelope. | and the pronghorn antelope. |
479 | 00:33:42,933 | 00:33:45,153 | Clark was working by dead reckoning | Clark was working by dead reckoning |
480 | 00:33:45,197 | 00:33:47,938 | and he produced a stunningly accurate map | and he produced a stunningly accurate map |
481 | 00:33:47,982 | 00:33:50,332 | of the American West. | of the American West. |
482 | 00:33:50,376 | 00:33:53,422 | This was a very rich expedition of discovery. | This was a very rich expedition of discovery. |
483 | 00:33:57,296 | 00:33:59,428 | But it's a journey full of peril. | But it's a journey full of peril. |
484 | 00:34:02,214 | 00:34:04,781 | If you want to get a sense for how mysterious | If you want to get a sense for how mysterious |
485 | 00:34:04,825 | 00:34:06,653 | the western lands were | the western lands were |
486 | 00:34:06,696 | 00:34:08,176 | to the Lewis and Clark expedition | to the Lewis and Clark expedition |
487 | 00:34:08,220 | 00:34:10,439 | consider that they felt | consider that they felt |
488 | 00:34:10,483 | 00:34:12,876 | that it was a very real possibility | that it was a very real possibility |
489 | 00:34:12,920 | 00:34:16,402 | that they would run in to wooly mammoths along the way. | that they would run in to wooly mammoths along the way. |
490 | 00:34:16,445 | 00:34:19,100 | That was as strange to them | That was as strange to them |
491 | 00:34:19,144 | 00:34:21,233 | as it would be for you or me | as it would be for you or me |
492 | 00:34:21,276 | 00:34:23,931 | to step foot on planet Mars. | to step foot on planet Mars. |
493 | 00:34:30,894 | 00:34:34,811 | When Lewis left on April 7th, 1805 | When Lewis left on April 7th, 1805 |
494 | 00:34:34,855 | 00:34:38,424 | they were entering into an extremely hazardous land. | they were entering into an extremely hazardous land. |
495 | 00:34:38,467 | 00:34:40,730 | Gonna be a long journey, maybe a fatal one. | Gonna be a long journey, maybe a fatal one. |
496 | 00:34:40,774 | 00:34:44,952 | And they were all alone, essentially vulnerable | And they were all alone, essentially vulnerable |
497 | 00:34:44,995 | 00:34:46,258 | in the midst of the wilderness. | in the midst of the wilderness. |
498 | 00:35:28,952 | 00:35:31,477 | ored American wilderness.. | ored American wilderness.. |
499 | 00:35:33,435 | 00:35:35,742 | ...beyond the edge of any known map.. | ...beyond the edge of any known map.. |
500 | 00:35:40,660 | 00:35:44,272 | ...Lewis and Clark are ambushed by an unknown tribe. | ...Lewis and Clark are ambushed by an unknown tribe. |
501 | 00:35:47,406 | 00:35:49,886 | They're badly outnumbered and have no choice | They're badly outnumbered and have no choice |
502 | 00:35:49,930 | 00:35:53,325 | but to trust their 17-year-old guide, Sacagawea. | but to trust their 17-year-old guide, Sacagawea. |
503 | 00:36:12,996 | 00:36:14,215 | This was without question | This was without question |
504 | 00:36:14,259 | 00:36:16,130 | the most tense moment | the most tense moment |
505 | 00:36:16,174 | 00:36:18,611 | of the entire expedition. | of the entire expedition. |
506 | 00:36:18,654 | 00:36:21,875 | Lewis and Clark spoke English only | Lewis and Clark spoke English only |
507 | 00:36:21,918 | 00:36:25,226 | and she's now having this conversation. | and she's now having this conversation. |
508 | 00:36:25,270 | 00:36:27,228 | They were very frightened, maybe she was leading them | They were very frightened, maybe she was leading them |
509 | 00:36:27,272 | 00:36:29,230 | into an ambush, maybe something worse. | into an ambush, maybe something worse. |
510 | 00:36:53,994 | 00:36:55,430 | Sacagawea. | Sacagawea. |
511 | 00:36:59,739 | 00:37:01,393 | By sheer coincidence | By sheer coincidence |
512 | 00:37:01,436 | 00:37:05,005 | the tribal leader is Sacagawea's long-lost brother. | the tribal leader is Sacagawea's long-lost brother. |
513 | 00:37:07,964 | 00:37:10,358 | She was born Shoshone | She was born Shoshone |
514 | 00:37:10,402 | 00:37:12,839 | out on the Montana-Idaho border. | out on the Montana-Idaho border. |
515 | 00:37:12,882 | 00:37:14,754 | At about the age of 11 or so | At about the age of 11 or so |
516 | 00:37:14,797 | 00:37:17,539 | she was captured by a Hidatsa raiding party | she was captured by a Hidatsa raiding party |
517 | 00:37:17,583 | 00:37:19,715 | had been gone for many years | had been gone for many years |
518 | 00:37:19,759 | 00:37:21,500 | was presumably never coming back. | was presumably never coming back. |
519 | 00:37:21,543 | 00:37:22,892 | Suddenly, here she is | Suddenly, here she is |
520 | 00:37:22,936 | 00:37:25,852 | in the presence of these white strangers | in the presence of these white strangers |
521 | 00:37:25,895 | 00:37:27,854 | and she looked at this man | and she looked at this man |
522 | 00:37:27,897 | 00:37:31,466 | and recognized him to be her brother. | and recognized him to be her brother. |
523 | 00:37:31,510 | 00:37:34,121 | That's sort of like a Shoshone miracle. | That's sort of like a Shoshone miracle. |
524 | 00:37:47,308 | 00:37:50,224 | Lewis and Clark are welcomed by the Shoshone | Lewis and Clark are welcomed by the Shoshone |
525 | 00:37:50,268 | 00:37:52,792 | and Sacagawea helps broker trade. | and Sacagawea helps broker trade. |
526 | 00:37:55,403 | 00:37:59,277 | Now that the expedition has to travel overland | Now that the expedition has to travel overland |
527 | 00:37:59,320 | 00:38:02,628 | they need horses. | they need horses. |
528 | 00:38:02,671 | 00:38:04,369 | The greatest thing that she may have done | The greatest thing that she may have done |
529 | 00:38:04,412 | 00:38:06,458 | for the expedition was helping | for the expedition was helping |
530 | 00:38:06,501 | 00:38:08,851 | to solidify that relationship | to solidify that relationship |
531 | 00:38:08,895 | 00:38:12,246 | because the Shoshone then sold Lewis and Clark 28 horses. | because the Shoshone then sold Lewis and Clark 28 horses. |
532 | 00:38:16,381 | 00:38:18,818 | At that point, Lewis and Clark offered to leave her behind | At that point, Lewis and Clark offered to leave her behind |
533 | 00:38:18,861 | 00:38:22,212 | with her birth people, the Shoshone | with her birth people, the Shoshone |
534 | 00:38:22,256 | 00:38:25,215 | but she chose to go on with them. | but she chose to go on with them. |
535 | 00:38:25,259 | 00:38:27,261 | I think that she felt | I think that she felt |
536 | 00:38:27,305 | 00:38:29,132 | that she was part of something bigger | that she was part of something bigger |
537 | 00:38:29,176 | 00:38:30,482 | than anything else that she could have | than anything else that she could have |
538 | 00:38:30,525 | 00:38:33,311 | imagined in her life. | imagined in her life. |
539 | 00:38:33,354 | 00:38:35,791 | Lewis and Clark continue west | Lewis and Clark continue west |
540 | 00:38:35,835 | 00:38:38,359 | determined to fulfill Jefferson's mission | determined to fulfill Jefferson's mission |
541 | 00:38:38,403 | 00:38:39,752 | to reach the Pacific. | to reach the Pacific. |
542 | 00:38:42,972 | 00:38:46,367 | Further east, in the Indiana Territory | Further east, in the Indiana Territory |
543 | 00:38:46,411 | 00:38:48,500 | the smallpox epidemic continues | the smallpox epidemic continues |
544 | 00:38:48,543 | 00:38:50,153 | with devastating effect.. | with devastating effect.. |
545 | 00:38:51,894 | 00:38:54,723 | ...killing thousands of Shawnee. | ...killing thousands of Shawnee. |
546 | 00:38:54,767 | 00:38:56,725 | I mean, what happens to a culture | I mean, what happens to a culture |
547 | 00:38:56,769 | 00:38:58,423 | what happens to a society | what happens to a society |
548 | 00:38:58,466 | 00:39:01,600 | when 80% of the people die out? | when 80% of the people die out? |
549 | 00:39:01,643 | 00:39:04,342 | This was a disaster for the Shawnee | This was a disaster for the Shawnee |
550 | 00:39:04,385 | 00:39:06,126 | and they became very weak. | and they became very weak. |
551 | 00:39:08,346 | 00:39:11,392 | There was confusion, there was despair. | There was confusion, there was despair. |
552 | 00:39:11,436 | 00:39:12,698 | It bred | It bred |
553 | 00:39:12,741 | 00:39:16,310 | a kind of religious mania | a kind of religious mania |
554 | 00:39:16,354 | 00:39:18,486 | a search for the answer | a search for the answer |
555 | 00:39:18,530 | 00:39:20,967 | why these people were being judged in this way. | why these people were being judged in this way. |
556 | 00:39:23,926 | 00:39:27,495 | A path forward comes from a surprising source | A path forward comes from a surprising source |
557 | 00:39:27,539 | 00:39:30,150 | Tecumseh's brother, Tenskwatawa. | Tecumseh's brother, Tenskwatawa. |
558 | 00:39:47,733 | 00:39:51,084 | Tecumseh's younger brother was the family embarrassment. | Tecumseh's younger brother was the family embarrassment. |
559 | 00:39:51,127 | 00:39:55,610 | He was clumsy, he was not known for his physical courage. | He was clumsy, he was not known for his physical courage. |
560 | 00:39:55,654 | 00:39:58,483 | He was an alcoholic. | He was an alcoholic. |
561 | 00:39:58,526 | 00:40:02,356 | And that was when his life turned around. | And that was when his life turned around. |
562 | 00:40:14,194 | 00:40:17,458 | He had a kind of spiritual vision | He had a kind of spiritual vision |
563 | 00:40:17,502 | 00:40:21,070 | and he believed that he was | and he believed that he was |
564 | 00:40:21,114 | 00:40:23,595 | the embodiment of the message | the embodiment of the message |
565 | 00:40:23,638 | 00:40:26,380 | that would save the Shawnee people. | that would save the Shawnee people. |
566 | 00:40:28,774 | 00:40:31,167 | Tenskwatawa claims his vision | Tenskwatawa claims his vision |
567 | 00:40:31,211 | 00:40:34,257 | reveals the tribe's past and future. | reveals the tribe's past and future. |
568 | 00:40:34,301 | 00:40:38,305 | Showing salvation lies in rejecting modern influences | Showing salvation lies in rejecting modern influences |
569 | 00:40:38,348 | 00:40:40,873 | and returning to traditional ways. | and returning to traditional ways. |
570 | 00:40:43,702 | 00:40:45,878 | As word of his vision spreads.. | As word of his vision spreads.. |
571 | 00:40:47,967 | 00:40:50,926 | ...Native Americans from different, even warring tribes | ...Native Americans from different, even warring tribes |
572 | 00:40:50,970 | 00:40:52,232 | come to hear him. | come to hear him. |
573 | 00:40:54,060 | 00:40:57,063 | Tecumseh sees a strategic opportunity | Tecumseh sees a strategic opportunity |
574 | 00:40:57,106 | 00:40:59,239 | in these unprecedented gatherings. | in these unprecedented gatherings. |
575 | 00:41:20,565 | 00:41:23,655 | Shawnee leader Tecumseh recognizes that | Shawnee leader Tecumseh recognizes that |
576 | 00:41:23,698 | 00:41:26,396 | if the natives are to survive white incursion | if the natives are to survive white incursion |
577 | 00:41:26,440 | 00:41:28,529 | they need to band together. | they need to band together. |
578 | 00:41:35,057 | 00:41:37,495 | Tecumseh knew he could not lead his people | Tecumseh knew he could not lead his people |
579 | 00:41:37,538 | 00:41:39,540 | as just one Indian Nation. | as just one Indian Nation. |
580 | 00:41:39,584 | 00:41:43,283 | He would have to build a larger Indian nation. | He would have to build a larger Indian nation. |
581 | 00:41:43,326 | 00:41:45,546 | It's a strategy inspired by the example | It's a strategy inspired by the example |
582 | 00:41:45,590 | 00:41:48,375 | of the United States itself. | of the United States itself. |
583 | 00:41:48,418 | 00:41:51,596 | As Tecumseh saw the different colonies come together | As Tecumseh saw the different colonies come together |
584 | 00:41:51,639 | 00:41:53,685 | following the American Revolution | following the American Revolution |
585 | 00:41:53,728 | 00:41:55,338 | in seeing this new United States | in seeing this new United States |
586 | 00:41:55,382 | 00:41:57,558 | and actually it begin to work, he thought | and actually it begin to work, he thought |
587 | 00:41:57,602 | 00:42:01,736 | why not then a United Indian Nations? | why not then a United Indian Nations? |
588 | 00:42:01,780 | 00:42:03,216 | Why not bring them together? | Why not bring them together? |
589 | 00:42:05,523 | 00:42:08,308 | His goal, establish a sovereign | His goal, establish a sovereign |
590 | 00:42:08,351 | 00:42:11,746 | Pan-Indian Nation next door to the US. | Pan-Indian Nation next door to the US. |
591 | 00:42:11,790 | 00:42:13,705 | From the Appalachian Mountains | From the Appalachian Mountains |
592 | 00:42:13,748 | 00:42:15,271 | to the Mississippi River. | to the Mississippi River. |
593 | 00:42:17,404 | 00:42:20,320 | Never before had someone tried | Never before had someone tried |
594 | 00:42:20,363 | 00:42:23,062 | to bring other native nations together | to bring other native nations together |
595 | 00:42:23,105 | 00:42:26,369 | in a way that then could effectively stop | in a way that then could effectively stop |
596 | 00:42:26,413 | 00:42:29,111 | land cessions to the United States. | land cessions to the United States. |
597 | 00:42:29,155 | 00:42:32,898 | Tecumseh was at the forefront of this kind of movement | Tecumseh was at the forefront of this kind of movement |
598 | 00:42:32,941 | 00:42:35,901 | and it would change Native America forever. | and it would change Native America forever. |
599 | 00:42:39,208 | 00:42:41,646 | To do it, Tecumseh launches | To do it, Tecumseh launches |
600 | 00:42:41,689 | 00:42:43,517 | a diplomatic mission | a diplomatic mission |
601 | 00:42:43,561 | 00:42:45,519 | traveling across the frontier | traveling across the frontier |
602 | 00:42:45,563 | 00:42:47,390 | and recruiting an army. | and recruiting an army. |
603 | 00:42:51,046 | 00:42:53,179 | Tecumseh essentially went on tour. | Tecumseh essentially went on tour. |
604 | 00:42:53,222 | 00:42:56,269 | He was face to face talking | He was face to face talking |
605 | 00:42:56,312 | 00:42:58,619 | about what it would mean to stand up | about what it would mean to stand up |
606 | 00:42:58,663 | 00:43:01,274 | for their lands and for their ways of life | for their lands and for their ways of life |
607 | 00:43:01,317 | 00:43:03,276 | and for their identities. | and for their identities. |
608 | 00:43:03,319 | 00:43:05,191 | He was a gifted orator. | He was a gifted orator. |
609 | 00:43:16,681 | 00:43:18,987 | He won hearts and he won minds. | He won hearts and he won minds. |
610 | 00:43:21,903 | 00:43:23,818 | As his influence grows | As his influence grows |
611 | 00:43:23,862 | 00:43:26,473 | word of Tecumseh's campaign spreads | word of Tecumseh's campaign spreads |
612 | 00:43:26,516 | 00:43:28,606 | creating growing concern | creating growing concern |
613 | 00:43:28,649 | 00:43:30,738 | across frontier settlements. | across frontier settlements. |
614 | 00:43:30,782 | 00:43:34,786 | The concept of a Pan-Indian alliance | The concept of a Pan-Indian alliance |
615 | 00:43:34,829 | 00:43:37,440 | struck fear in the American government | struck fear in the American government |
616 | 00:43:37,484 | 00:43:38,441 | and the American public. | and the American public. |
617 | 00:43:38,485 | 00:43:39,660 | You have to remember | You have to remember |
618 | 00:43:39,704 | 00:43:42,881 | the American Revolution succeeded | the American Revolution succeeded |
619 | 00:43:42,924 | 00:43:45,579 | because you had these different colonies.. | because you had these different colonies.. |
620 | 00:43:47,537 | 00:43:50,410 | ...coming together and then working as a collective. | ...coming together and then working as a collective. |
621 | 00:43:50,453 | 00:43:53,935 | Theoretically, if Tecumseh is able to unite | Theoretically, if Tecumseh is able to unite |
622 | 00:43:53,979 | 00:43:56,982 | the tribes in the Midwest, from the Mississippi Delta | the tribes in the Midwest, from the Mississippi Delta |
623 | 00:43:57,025 | 00:43:58,592 | all the way up to Minnesota | all the way up to Minnesota |
624 | 00:43:58,636 | 00:44:02,161 | maybe they could defeat America. | maybe they could defeat America. |
625 | 00:44:02,204 | 00:44:04,380 | With the future of the frontier at stake | With the future of the frontier at stake |
626 | 00:44:04,424 | 00:44:07,122 | Tecumseh's Pan-Indian alliance | Tecumseh's Pan-Indian alliance |
627 | 00:44:07,166 | 00:44:08,994 | prepares for war. | prepares for war. |
628 | 00:44:24,574 | 00:44:26,359 | Lewis and Clark have spent a year | Lewis and Clark have spent a year |
629 | 00:44:26,402 | 00:44:29,057 | crossing a thousand miles of uncharted wilderness.. | crossing a thousand miles of uncharted wilderness.. |
630 | 00:44:31,233 | 00:44:33,845 | ...to find a land route to the Pacific.. | ...to find a land route to the Pacific.. |
631 | 00:44:35,542 | 00:44:38,110 | ...and expand the American nation. | ...and expand the American nation. |
632 | 00:44:46,074 | 00:44:48,729 | Now, they face a daunting obstacle.. | Now, they face a daunting obstacle.. |
633 | 00:44:52,515 | 00:44:54,343 | ...the Rocky Mountains. | ...the Rocky Mountains. |
634 | 00:44:58,478 | 00:45:01,176 | They rise over 14,000 feet.. | They rise over 14,000 feet.. |
635 | 00:45:03,701 | 00:45:08,009 | ...stretching 3000 miles across the continent | ...stretching 3000 miles across the continent |
636 | 00:45:08,053 | 00:45:10,055 | and winter is closing in. | and winter is closing in. |
637 | 00:45:12,057 | 00:45:13,841 | Lewis and Clark had never seen anything | Lewis and Clark had never seen anything |
638 | 00:45:13,885 | 00:45:15,974 | like the Rocky Mountains. | like the Rocky Mountains. |
639 | 00:45:16,017 | 00:45:18,411 | Their idea of mountains were the Appalachians | Their idea of mountains were the Appalachians |
640 | 00:45:18,454 | 00:45:20,108 | so they couldn't even begin | so they couldn't even begin |
641 | 00:45:20,152 | 00:45:22,023 | to understand what they were facing. | to understand what they were facing. |
642 | 00:45:22,067 | 00:45:24,722 | Not only were the mountains much higher | Not only were the mountains much higher |
643 | 00:45:24,765 | 00:45:26,898 | but Lewis said the western mountains were covered | but Lewis said the western mountains were covered |
644 | 00:45:26,941 | 00:45:29,944 | with almost eternal snow and you couldn't see | with almost eternal snow and you couldn't see |
645 | 00:45:29,988 | 00:45:32,294 | from one end to the other end of the mountains. | from one end to the other end of the mountains. |
646 | 00:45:45,612 | 00:45:47,309 | When Meriwether Lewis | When Meriwether Lewis |
647 | 00:45:47,353 | 00:45:50,312 | sees 60 to 70 miles of snow-capped peaks | sees 60 to 70 miles of snow-capped peaks |
648 | 00:45:50,356 | 00:45:52,619 | he must have been distraught. | he must have been distraught. |
649 | 00:45:52,662 | 00:45:54,839 | He must have thought the expedition was over | He must have thought the expedition was over |
650 | 00:45:54,882 | 00:45:57,319 | and they had no chance of success. | and they had no chance of success. |
651 | 00:46:02,107 | 00:46:04,631 | Over 700 miles from the nearest settlement.. | Over 700 miles from the nearest settlement.. |
652 | 00:46:10,811 | 00:46:13,205 | ...Lewis and Clark can either turn back.. | ...Lewis and Clark can either turn back.. |
653 | 00:46:16,948 | 00:46:19,689 | ...or attempt to cross the mountains before winter. | ...or attempt to cross the mountains before winter. |
654 | 00:46:26,784 | 00:46:29,134 | For them, the choice is clear. | For them, the choice is clear. |
655 | 00:46:36,924 | 00:46:38,534 | On September 1st | On September 1st |
656 | 00:46:38,578 | 00:46:40,841 | the expedition begins their ascent.. | the expedition begins their ascent.. |
657 | 00:46:44,758 | 00:46:46,934 | ...embarking on the most dangerous leg | ...embarking on the most dangerous leg |
658 | 00:46:46,978 | 00:46:48,806 | of their journey yet. | of their journey yet. |
659 | 00:46:56,988 | 00:46:59,251 | Having been somebody who has flown in combat | Having been somebody who has flown in combat |
660 | 00:46:59,294 | 00:47:01,557 | as a Navy pilot, has been a test pilot | as a Navy pilot, has been a test pilot |
661 | 00:47:01,601 | 00:47:03,255 | and an astronaut, you know, I think | and an astronaut, you know, I think |
662 | 00:47:03,298 | 00:47:05,344 | when you're doing really hard things | when you're doing really hard things |
663 | 00:47:05,387 | 00:47:07,520 | inevitably there are | inevitably there are |
664 | 00:47:07,563 | 00:47:11,654 | incredibly difficult roadblocks and challenges. | incredibly difficult roadblocks and challenges. |
665 | 00:47:11,698 | 00:47:13,613 | And I think if you're the type of person | And I think if you're the type of person |
666 | 00:47:13,656 | 00:47:15,267 | that just kind of throws your hands up | that just kind of throws your hands up |
667 | 00:47:15,310 | 00:47:18,400 | and, and surrenders, uh, then you don't win. | and, and surrenders, uh, then you don't win. |
668 | 00:47:20,272 | 00:47:23,884 | My definition of courage would be somebody | My definition of courage would be somebody |
669 | 00:47:23,928 | 00:47:28,323 | who would be able to work hard towards an objective | who would be able to work hard towards an objective |
670 | 00:47:28,367 | 00:47:30,891 | that is inherently not good for their health. | that is inherently not good for their health. |
671 | 00:47:38,725 | 00:47:41,119 | With every peak they pass | With every peak they pass |
672 | 00:47:41,162 | 00:47:43,861 | the temperature drops by ten degrees. | the temperature drops by ten degrees. |
673 | 00:47:49,127 | 00:47:50,693 | When that cold sets in | When that cold sets in |
674 | 00:47:50,737 | 00:47:52,608 | you know, everything gets harder. | you know, everything gets harder. |
675 | 00:47:52,652 | 00:47:54,872 | Your brain slows down, your body slows down | Your brain slows down, your body slows down |
676 | 00:47:54,915 | 00:47:56,743 | you need more energy to do things | you need more energy to do things |
677 | 00:47:56,786 | 00:47:58,919 | there's less energy available, less food | there's less energy available, less food |
678 | 00:47:58,963 | 00:48:01,704 | less fire, and so what happens is | less fire, and so what happens is |
679 | 00:48:01,748 | 00:48:03,315 | people start to crumble. | people start to crumble. |
680 | 00:48:03,358 | 00:48:04,838 | And if they don't keep moving | And if they don't keep moving |
681 | 00:48:04,882 | 00:48:07,667 | if they don't find the will | if they don't find the will |
682 | 00:48:07,710 | 00:48:09,147 | they're just plain dead. | they're just plain dead. |
683 | 00:48:14,761 | 00:48:17,329 | Their pace slows to just ten miles a day. | Their pace slows to just ten miles a day. |
684 | 00:48:22,160 | 00:48:25,641 | And at high altitude, there's no game | And at high altitude, there's no game |
685 | 00:48:25,685 | 00:48:29,254 | so they're forced to eat their pack horses to survive. | so they're forced to eat their pack horses to survive. |
686 | 00:48:29,297 | 00:48:31,517 | A team of men like Lewis and Clark | A team of men like Lewis and Clark |
687 | 00:48:31,560 | 00:48:33,388 | traveling forward through rugged terrain | traveling forward through rugged terrain |
688 | 00:48:33,432 | 00:48:34,955 | and especially in cold weather | and especially in cold weather |
689 | 00:48:34,999 | 00:48:37,697 | requires an enormous amount of food. | requires an enormous amount of food. |
690 | 00:48:37,740 | 00:48:40,004 | The human body in those conditions | The human body in those conditions |
691 | 00:48:40,047 | 00:48:44,225 | needs from 2000 to 4000 calories per day. | needs from 2000 to 4000 calories per day. |
692 | 00:48:53,626 | 00:48:55,845 | Nearly two weeks after entering the Rockies.. | Nearly two weeks after entering the Rockies.. |
693 | 00:48:58,022 | 00:49:00,807 | ...the expedition has depleted its food supply.. | ...the expedition has depleted its food supply.. |
694 | 00:49:10,860 | 00:49:12,514 | ...and is forced to eat candles | ...and is forced to eat candles |
695 | 00:49:12,558 | 00:49:15,082 | made from animal fat to stay alive. | made from animal fat to stay alive. |
696 | 00:49:43,067 | 00:49:46,113 | After 28 days of grueling hardship.. | After 28 days of grueling hardship.. |
697 | 00:49:48,202 | 00:49:50,552 | ...Lewis and Clark clear the Rockies.. | ...Lewis and Clark clear the Rockies.. |
698 | 00:49:53,077 | 00:49:56,341 | ...and head toward the Pacific. | ...and head toward the Pacific. |
699 | 00:49:56,384 | 00:49:58,778 | In order to continue pushing | In order to continue pushing |
700 | 00:49:58,821 | 00:50:01,911 | they had to have some other motivation. | they had to have some other motivation. |
701 | 00:50:01,955 | 00:50:03,870 | It's not really about the food | It's not really about the food |
702 | 00:50:03,913 | 00:50:07,439 | or about the chance of-of surviving or not. | or about the chance of-of surviving or not. |
703 | 00:50:07,482 | 00:50:09,919 | It was a sense of, of duty, of mission. | It was a sense of, of duty, of mission. |
704 | 00:50:12,270 | 00:50:14,359 | One month later | One month later |
705 | 00:50:14,402 | 00:50:16,883 | the expedition reaches the Columbia River | the expedition reaches the Columbia River |
706 | 00:50:16,926 | 00:50:18,450 | in modern-day Oregon. | in modern-day Oregon. |
707 | 00:50:21,801 | 00:50:24,673 | And then, on November 15th, 1805.. | And then, on November 15th, 1805.. |
708 | 00:50:27,502 | 00:50:30,157 | ...after traveling more than 4000 miles.. | ...after traveling more than 4000 miles.. |
709 | 00:50:32,638 | 00:50:36,076 | ...Lewis and Clark finally reach the Pacific. | ...Lewis and Clark finally reach the Pacific. |
710 | 00:50:38,339 | 00:50:40,646 | It's almost mind-boggling to think | It's almost mind-boggling to think |
711 | 00:50:40,689 | 00:50:43,083 | of the challenges that they faced. | of the challenges that they faced. |
712 | 00:50:43,127 | 00:50:45,433 | And that these individuals were doing it | And that these individuals were doing it |
713 | 00:50:45,477 | 00:50:47,522 | for months on end | for months on end |
714 | 00:50:47,566 | 00:50:49,263 | living off the land, uh | living off the land, uh |
715 | 00:50:49,307 | 00:50:52,788 | living by their own self-reliance. | living by their own self-reliance. |
716 | 00:50:55,095 | 00:50:56,662 | Lewis and Clark deserve credit | Lewis and Clark deserve credit |
717 | 00:50:56,705 | 00:50:58,838 | as the greatest expeditioners | as the greatest expeditioners |
718 | 00:50:58,881 | 00:51:01,188 | in certainly American history | in certainly American history |
719 | 00:51:01,232 | 00:51:04,061 | that brought America new territory | that brought America new territory |
720 | 00:51:04,104 | 00:51:06,672 | and a new identity as a country. | and a new identity as a country. |
721 | 00:51:09,153 | 00:51:12,112 | The Lewis and Clark expedition is the first | The Lewis and Clark expedition is the first |
722 | 00:51:12,156 | 00:51:14,897 | to cross the North American continent overland. | to cross the North American continent overland. |
723 | 00:51:24,211 | 00:51:26,213 | They build a fort near the coastline | They build a fort near the coastline |
724 | 00:51:26,257 | 00:51:28,302 | in the Oregon Territory | in the Oregon Territory |
725 | 00:51:28,346 | 00:51:31,610 | proudly claiming the land for the US. | proudly claiming the land for the US. |
726 | 00:51:45,406 | 00:51:47,104 | Congratulations, captain. | Congratulations, captain. |
727 | 00:51:49,497 | 00:51:51,804 | Lewis and Clark had wanted the world to know | Lewis and Clark had wanted the world to know |
728 | 00:51:51,847 | 00:51:53,458 | that we had been there. | that we had been there. |
729 | 00:51:53,501 | 00:51:55,024 | This just wasn't boasting. | This just wasn't boasting. |
730 | 00:51:55,068 | 00:51:57,723 | This was also claiming the country | This was also claiming the country |
731 | 00:51:57,766 | 00:52:00,943 | on which they had built this temporary compound. | on which they had built this temporary compound. |
732 | 00:52:03,120 | 00:52:07,515 | This was the first and most significant gesture | This was the first and most significant gesture |
733 | 00:52:07,559 | 00:52:11,040 | for what became the completion of the American continent. | for what became the completion of the American continent. |
734 | 00:52:20,963 | 00:52:22,704 | But Great Britain also has interests | But Great Britain also has interests |
735 | 00:52:22,748 | 00:52:25,011 | in the Pacific Northwest | in the Pacific Northwest |
736 | 00:52:25,054 | 00:52:27,883 | and sees this American fort | and sees this American fort |
737 | 00:52:27,927 | 00:52:30,234 | as an act of aggression. | as an act of aggression. |
738 | 00:52:39,808 | 00:52:42,855 | In March 1806 | In March 1806 |
739 | 00:52:42,898 | 00:52:46,119 | after establishing a fort on the Pacific Coast.. | after establishing a fort on the Pacific Coast.. |
740 | 00:52:48,469 | 00:52:50,689 | ...and fulfilling Thomas Jefferson's vision | ...and fulfilling Thomas Jefferson's vision |
741 | 00:52:50,732 | 00:52:52,604 | for expanding the nation.. | for expanding the nation.. |
742 | 00:52:55,172 | 00:52:56,651 | ...Lewis and Clark begin | ...Lewis and Clark begin |
743 | 00:52:56,695 | 00:53:00,351 | their 4000-mile journey home. | their 4000-mile journey home. |
744 | 00:53:00,394 | 00:53:02,048 | When Jefferson heard that Lewis and Clark | When Jefferson heard that Lewis and Clark |
745 | 00:53:02,091 | 00:53:04,268 | had crossed the continent successfully, he said | had crossed the continent successfully, he said |
746 | 00:53:04,311 | 00:53:06,966 | he read the news in Lewis' letter | he read the news in Lewis' letter |
747 | 00:53:07,009 | 00:53:09,055 | with unspeakable joy. | with unspeakable joy. |
748 | 00:53:09,098 | 00:53:11,188 | He was vindicated in his belief | He was vindicated in his belief |
749 | 00:53:11,231 | 00:53:13,799 | that the continent could be crossed | that the continent could be crossed |
750 | 00:53:13,842 | 00:53:16,584 | and that it could be mapped. | and that it could be mapped. |
751 | 00:53:16,628 | 00:53:18,325 | Lewis and Clark opened the west | Lewis and Clark opened the west |
752 | 00:53:18,369 | 00:53:20,501 | to those frontiersmen who would follow | to those frontiersmen who would follow |
753 | 00:53:20,545 | 00:53:22,286 | because once they described what was out there | because once they described what was out there |
754 | 00:53:22,329 | 00:53:25,158 | then the unknown became partially known. | then the unknown became partially known. |
755 | 00:53:25,202 | 00:53:26,638 | And from being partially known to being settled | And from being partially known to being settled |
756 | 00:53:26,681 | 00:53:27,943 | was just one more step. | was just one more step. |
757 | 00:53:32,383 | 00:53:34,863 | Great Britain sees this American expansion | Great Britain sees this American expansion |
758 | 00:53:34,907 | 00:53:37,170 | as an immediate threat. | as an immediate threat. |
759 | 00:53:37,214 | 00:53:39,041 | When Lewis and Clark raise the American flag | When Lewis and Clark raise the American flag |
760 | 00:53:39,085 | 00:53:40,869 | they were clearly beyond | they were clearly beyond |
761 | 00:53:40,913 | 00:53:43,785 | the boundaries of the Louisiana purchase. | the boundaries of the Louisiana purchase. |
762 | 00:53:43,829 | 00:53:46,048 | The Pacific is extremely important to Britain. | The Pacific is extremely important to Britain. |
763 | 00:53:46,092 | 00:53:48,660 | They have an active fur trade | They have an active fur trade |
764 | 00:53:48,703 | 00:53:52,011 | on the West Coast, and it's threatened | on the West Coast, and it's threatened |
765 | 00:53:52,054 | 00:53:54,579 | by the coming of the Americans. | by the coming of the Americans. |
766 | 00:53:56,842 | 00:53:58,060 | While the Pacific northwest | While the Pacific northwest |
767 | 00:53:58,104 | 00:54:00,237 | is technically unclaimed | is technically unclaimed |
768 | 00:54:00,280 | 00:54:03,762 | the British are entrenched beyond the Canadian border | the British are entrenched beyond the Canadian border |
769 | 00:54:03,805 | 00:54:06,155 | and they have a powerful interest | and they have a powerful interest |
770 | 00:54:06,199 | 00:54:08,114 | in dominating the fur trade here. | in dominating the fur trade here. |
771 | 00:54:09,246 | 00:54:11,900 | From 1800 to 1810 | From 1800 to 1810 |
772 | 00:54:11,944 | 00:54:16,601 | the British earned 2.8 million pounds from selling fur.. | the British earned 2.8 million pounds from selling fur.. |
773 | 00:54:16,644 | 00:54:20,344 | ...the equivalent of $22 billion USD today. | ...the equivalent of $22 billion USD today. |
774 | 00:54:20,387 | 00:54:22,737 | The fur trade and especially the fur trade | The fur trade and especially the fur trade |
775 | 00:54:22,781 | 00:54:24,783 | to China in sea otter pelts | to China in sea otter pelts |
776 | 00:54:24,826 | 00:54:26,611 | was probably the most lucrative | was probably the most lucrative |
777 | 00:54:26,654 | 00:54:29,266 | economic activity in the world at that time. | economic activity in the world at that time. |
778 | 00:54:31,572 | 00:54:33,661 | To keep the US out | To keep the US out |
779 | 00:54:33,705 | 00:54:37,056 | Britain stirs up trouble on the American frontier | Britain stirs up trouble on the American frontier |
780 | 00:54:37,099 | 00:54:39,580 | a tactic used during the Revolution. | a tactic used during the Revolution. |
781 | 00:54:52,201 | 00:54:54,334 | The British understood they were never going | The British understood they were never going |
782 | 00:54:54,378 | 00:54:56,293 | to bring the United States back | to bring the United States back |
783 | 00:54:56,336 | 00:54:58,773 | into the British Empire as colonies. | into the British Empire as colonies. |
784 | 00:54:58,817 | 00:55:02,081 | But what they wanted to do is they wanted to protect Canada. | But what they wanted to do is they wanted to protect Canada. |
785 | 00:55:02,124 | 00:55:04,213 | And the best way they saw of protecting Canada | And the best way they saw of protecting Canada |
786 | 00:55:04,257 | 00:55:06,564 | and the Northwest was to create | and the Northwest was to create |
787 | 00:55:06,607 | 00:55:09,262 | a Native American buffer state at the frontier. | a Native American buffer state at the frontier. |
788 | 00:55:13,614 | 00:55:16,487 | The British seek an alliance with a growing power | The British seek an alliance with a growing power |
789 | 00:55:16,530 | 00:55:20,447 | on the frontier...Tecumseh. | on the frontier...Tecumseh. |
790 | 00:55:20,491 | 00:55:23,363 | He now heads a force of 5000 warriors.. | He now heads a force of 5000 warriors.. |
791 | 00:55:24,799 | 00:55:27,280 | ...and they invite him to meet. | ...and they invite him to meet. |
792 | 00:55:34,505 | 00:55:37,377 | 'Thank you for meeting with us.' | 'Thank you for meeting with us.' |
793 | 00:55:37,421 | 00:55:41,207 | Your people and mine, we have a common enemy. | Your people and mine, we have a common enemy. |
794 | 00:55:41,250 | 00:55:42,861 | 'The Americans have taken your land' | 'The Americans have taken your land' |
795 | 00:55:42,904 | 00:55:46,125 | 'and now they want ours as well.' | 'and now they want ours as well.' |
796 | 00:55:46,168 | 00:55:50,390 | Together, we can drive the Americans back. | Together, we can drive the Americans back. |
797 | 00:55:50,434 | 00:55:54,263 | The British invite Tecumseh to Canada to talk | The British invite Tecumseh to Canada to talk |
798 | 00:55:54,307 | 00:55:59,486 | and many of their messages are familiar to him. | and many of their messages are familiar to him. |
799 | 00:55:59,530 | 00:56:01,619 | Don't trust the United States. | Don't trust the United States. |
800 | 00:56:01,662 | 00:56:04,622 | If Great Britain can re-establish control | If Great Britain can re-establish control |
801 | 00:56:04,665 | 00:56:06,275 | then there will be a halt | then there will be a halt |
802 | 00:56:06,319 | 00:56:09,322 | to westward expansion. | to westward expansion. |
803 | 00:56:09,366 | 00:56:12,978 | But Tecumseh doesn't trust Great Britain. | But Tecumseh doesn't trust Great Britain. |
804 | 00:56:15,850 | 00:56:18,244 | Confident in his power | Confident in his power |
805 | 00:56:18,287 | 00:56:20,725 | Tecumseh rejects their offer | Tecumseh rejects their offer |
806 | 00:56:20,768 | 00:56:23,118 | and continues building his alliance. | and continues building his alliance. |
807 | 00:56:28,167 | 00:56:29,386 | In 1808.. | In 1808.. |
808 | 00:56:31,170 | 00:56:34,913 | ...he creates the first Pan-Indian village. | ...he creates the first Pan-Indian village. |
809 | 00:56:34,956 | 00:56:38,656 | To honor his brother, he calls it Prophetstown. | To honor his brother, he calls it Prophetstown. |
810 | 00:56:45,663 | 00:56:47,447 | For the first time ever | For the first time ever |
811 | 00:56:47,491 | 00:56:49,580 | members of enemy tribes are living together. | members of enemy tribes are living together. |
812 | 00:56:51,408 | 00:56:55,281 | Soon, Prophetstown has 3000 inhabitants | Soon, Prophetstown has 3000 inhabitants |
813 | 00:56:55,324 | 00:56:57,805 | and grows larger every day. | and grows larger every day. |
814 | 00:56:57,849 | 00:56:59,938 | Tecumseh's message traveled | Tecumseh's message traveled |
815 | 00:56:59,981 | 00:57:02,767 | far and wide by word of mouth | far and wide by word of mouth |
816 | 00:57:02,810 | 00:57:05,334 | by runners through the woods. | by runners through the woods. |
817 | 00:57:05,378 | 00:57:07,859 | And there were many native people | And there were many native people |
818 | 00:57:07,902 | 00:57:10,252 | who traveled to Prophetstown because they wanted | who traveled to Prophetstown because they wanted |
819 | 00:57:10,296 | 00:57:13,734 | to experience his power and his message first-hand. | to experience his power and his message first-hand. |
820 | 00:57:25,877 | 00:57:28,619 | While Tecumseh forges his ground-breaking push | While Tecumseh forges his ground-breaking push |
821 | 00:57:28,662 | 00:57:30,621 | for Pan-Indian unity.. | for Pan-Indian unity.. |
822 | 00:57:33,754 | 00:57:36,496 | ...the two men who led the great expedition west | ...the two men who led the great expedition west |
823 | 00:57:36,540 | 00:57:38,019 | return to St. Louis. | return to St. Louis. |
824 | 00:57:40,195 | 00:57:42,850 | At the time it was not considered | At the time it was not considered |
825 | 00:57:42,894 | 00:57:44,852 | such a monumental moment. | such a monumental moment. |
826 | 00:57:44,896 | 00:57:46,724 | The-the accounts of it | The-the accounts of it |
827 | 00:57:46,767 | 00:57:49,466 | were not even published, uh, right away | were not even published, uh, right away |
828 | 00:57:49,509 | 00:57:50,858 | and most congressmen didn't quite get | and most congressmen didn't quite get |
829 | 00:57:50,902 | 00:57:52,773 | what it was all about. | what it was all about. |
830 | 00:57:58,126 | 00:58:00,825 | Lewis and Clark's paths will diverge | Lewis and Clark's paths will diverge |
831 | 00:58:00,868 | 00:58:02,217 | in the years to come. | in the years to come. |
832 | 00:58:06,700 | 00:58:09,442 | Clark does fairly well in the aftermath | Clark does fairly well in the aftermath |
833 | 00:58:09,486 | 00:58:12,750 | of the Lewis and Clark expedition. | of the Lewis and Clark expedition. |
834 | 00:58:12,793 | 00:58:16,449 | He is actually able to capitalize on the celebrity | He is actually able to capitalize on the celebrity |
835 | 00:58:16,493 | 00:58:18,538 | and goes on to a very successful life. | and goes on to a very successful life. |
836 | 00:58:22,586 | 00:58:25,589 | Clark becomes a brigadier general in the Army | Clark becomes a brigadier general in the Army |
837 | 00:58:25,632 | 00:58:28,679 | and then the first governor of the Missouri Territory. | and then the first governor of the Missouri Territory. |
838 | 00:58:30,942 | 00:58:34,728 | He stays close to Sacagawea through the years. | He stays close to Sacagawea through the years. |
839 | 00:58:34,772 | 00:58:38,036 | And when she dies unexpectedly in 1812 | And when she dies unexpectedly in 1812 |
840 | 00:58:38,079 | 00:58:40,865 | Clark becomes legal guardian to her children. | Clark becomes legal guardian to her children. |
841 | 00:58:46,958 | 00:58:48,612 | While Clark prospers.. | While Clark prospers.. |
842 | 00:58:52,398 | 00:58:54,531 | ...the same can't be said for his partner. | ...the same can't be said for his partner. |
843 | 00:58:57,708 | 00:59:01,233 | Meriwether Lewis' story in some sense is tragic | Meriwether Lewis' story in some sense is tragic |
844 | 00:59:01,276 | 00:59:03,888 | because despite what we now celebrate | because despite what we now celebrate |
845 | 00:59:03,931 | 00:59:05,759 | as one of the greatest accomplishments | as one of the greatest accomplishments |
846 | 00:59:05,803 | 00:59:07,369 | in American history | in American history |
847 | 00:59:07,413 | 00:59:09,720 | Lewis himself felt like a failure. | Lewis himself felt like a failure. |
848 | 00:59:09,763 | 00:59:12,505 | He hadn't been able to realize any material gain | He hadn't been able to realize any material gain |
849 | 00:59:12,549 | 00:59:14,855 | or substantive material gain from all the work | or substantive material gain from all the work |
850 | 00:59:14,899 | 00:59:16,553 | that he and Clark had done. | that he and Clark had done. |
851 | 00:59:22,036 | 00:59:23,603 | He never marries | He never marries |
852 | 00:59:23,647 | 00:59:25,170 | and will continue to struggle | and will continue to struggle |
853 | 00:59:25,213 | 00:59:27,738 | with alcohol and depression. | with alcohol and depression. |
854 | 00:59:27,781 | 00:59:29,348 | A friend of a president | A friend of a president |
855 | 00:59:29,391 | 00:59:31,829 | the leader of the most successful exploration | the leader of the most successful exploration |
856 | 00:59:31,872 | 00:59:33,831 | in American history and for whatever reason | in American history and for whatever reason |
857 | 00:59:33,874 | 00:59:37,486 | his life just never quite gels | his life just never quite gels |
858 | 00:59:37,530 | 00:59:39,750 | when he gets back. | when he gets back. |
859 | 00:59:39,793 | 00:59:42,404 | And he felt it in a letter. | And he felt it in a letter. |
860 | 00:59:42,448 | 00:59:45,016 | At one point he said, "I have never felt less like a hero | At one point he said, "I have never felt less like a hero |
861 | 00:59:45,059 | 00:59:46,974 | than I do at this moment." | than I do at this moment." |
862 | 00:59:50,151 | 00:59:54,678 | In October 1809, isolated and alone | In October 1809, isolated and alone |
863 | 00:59:54,721 | 00:59:57,376 | Meriwether Lewis takes his own life. | Meriwether Lewis takes his own life. |
864 | 01:00:07,865 | 01:00:09,997 | In the Indiana territory | In the Indiana territory |
865 | 01:00:10,041 | 01:00:12,739 | Tecumseh's power and influence are growing. | Tecumseh's power and influence are growing. |
866 | 01:00:14,045 | 01:00:15,960 | And he goes on the offensive. | And he goes on the offensive. |
867 | 01:00:20,921 | 01:00:24,229 | In August 1810, he demands to meet | In August 1810, he demands to meet |
868 | 01:00:24,272 | 01:00:27,319 | with old adversary, William Henry Harrison | with old adversary, William Henry Harrison |
869 | 01:00:27,362 | 01:00:30,714 | to negotiate the peaceful return of lands seized | to negotiate the peaceful return of lands seized |
870 | 01:00:30,757 | 01:00:33,934 | after the Battle of Fallen Timbers. | after the Battle of Fallen Timbers. |
871 | 01:00:33,978 | 01:00:35,849 | Now, governor of Indiana | Now, governor of Indiana |
872 | 01:00:35,893 | 01:00:38,156 | Harrison agrees to the meeting | Harrison agrees to the meeting |
873 | 01:00:38,199 | 01:00:41,202 | but his goals could not be more different. | but his goals could not be more different. |
874 | 01:00:42,116 | 01:00:43,117 | Fire! | Fire! |
875 | 01:00:48,819 | 01:00:51,169 | William Henry Harrison was committed | William Henry Harrison was committed |
876 | 01:00:51,212 | 01:00:54,694 | to the expansion of the west | to the expansion of the west |
877 | 01:00:54,738 | 01:00:58,655 | putting land into white hands, into US hands. | putting land into white hands, into US hands. |
878 | 01:00:58,698 | 01:01:01,135 | And he was not scrupulous | And he was not scrupulous |
879 | 01:01:01,179 | 01:01:03,485 | in the way he pursued his goals. | in the way he pursued his goals. |
880 | 01:01:33,341 | 01:01:35,909 | Please, have a seat. | Please, have a seat. |
881 | 01:02:05,286 | 01:02:07,811 | How can I help you and the Shawnee? | How can I help you and the Shawnee? |
882 | 01:02:21,346 | 01:02:23,565 | I am not here for the Shawnee. | I am not here for the Shawnee. |
883 | 01:02:23,609 | 01:02:26,003 | I am here on behalf | I am here on behalf |
884 | 01:02:26,046 | 01:02:27,874 | of the United Indian Nations. | of the United Indian Nations. |
885 | 01:02:30,224 | 01:02:33,793 | You took our lands from us. We want them back. | You took our lands from us. We want them back. |
886 | 01:02:40,104 | 01:02:41,714 | I took nothing. | I took nothing. |
887 | 01:02:44,717 | 01:02:46,588 | 'I negotiated for those lands on behalf' | 'I negotiated for those lands on behalf' |
888 | 01:02:46,632 | 01:02:49,156 | of the United States Government. | of the United States Government. |
889 | 01:02:49,200 | 01:02:51,550 | If you don't agree with the terms | If you don't agree with the terms |
890 | 01:02:51,593 | 01:02:53,508 | then your quarrel is with the chiefs | then your quarrel is with the chiefs |
891 | 01:02:53,552 | 01:02:55,859 | who signed those treaties.. | who signed those treaties.. |
892 | 01:02:55,902 | 01:02:56,947 | ...not with me. | ...not with me. |
893 | 01:03:39,598 | 01:03:42,035 | A time for war will soon come. | A time for war will soon come. |
894 | 01:03:42,079 | 01:03:43,863 | 'But I did not come here today to fight.' | 'But I did not come here today to fight.' |
895 | 01:03:58,008 | 01:04:00,924 | Tecumseh left that first historic meeting | Tecumseh left that first historic meeting |
896 | 01:04:00,967 | 01:04:03,840 | with William Henry Harrison as a realist | with William Henry Harrison as a realist |
897 | 01:04:03,883 | 01:04:05,450 | who appreciated | who appreciated |
898 | 01:04:05,493 | 01:04:08,496 | that there was going to be | that there was going to be |
899 | 01:04:08,540 | 01:04:10,759 | no fair resolution | no fair resolution |
900 | 01:04:10,803 | 01:04:12,152 | with the United States | with the United States |
901 | 01:04:12,196 | 01:04:14,633 | and that conflict was coming. | and that conflict was coming. |
902 | 01:04:16,722 | 01:04:17,766 | Determined to win | Determined to win |
903 | 01:04:17,810 | 01:04:19,899 | the inevitable fight to come | the inevitable fight to come |
904 | 01:04:19,943 | 01:04:23,381 | Tecumseh doubles his efforts to recruit more warriors. | Tecumseh doubles his efforts to recruit more warriors. |
905 | 01:04:31,258 | 01:04:34,044 | Knowing the Shawnee leader is absent.. | Knowing the Shawnee leader is absent.. |
906 | 01:04:34,087 | 01:04:36,307 | ...Harrison marches on his capital.. | ...Harrison marches on his capital.. |
907 | 01:04:37,395 | 01:04:39,701 | ...Prophetstown. | ...Prophetstown. |
908 | 01:04:39,745 | 01:04:42,791 | Harrison claims that he is going to be | Harrison claims that he is going to be |
909 | 01:04:42,835 | 01:04:44,881 | coming to speak in goodwill to them. | coming to speak in goodwill to them. |
910 | 01:04:48,493 | 01:04:50,669 | But there's every evidence | But there's every evidence |
911 | 01:04:50,712 | 01:04:53,411 | that he's coming to attack. | that he's coming to attack. |
912 | 01:04:53,454 | 01:04:55,456 | He brings over a thousand men. | He brings over a thousand men. |
913 | 01:04:59,243 | 01:05:00,766 | They are not in any way prepared | They are not in any way prepared |
914 | 01:05:00,809 | 01:05:02,855 | to defend themselves from attack. | to defend themselves from attack. |
915 | 01:05:08,034 | 01:05:10,776 | You, follow him. | You, follow him. |
916 | 01:05:10,819 | 01:05:15,781 | Still Harrison proceeds to destroy Prophetstown. | Still Harrison proceeds to destroy Prophetstown. |
917 | 01:05:31,014 | 01:05:33,059 | Without orders from Washington | Without orders from Washington |
918 | 01:05:33,103 | 01:05:36,889 | Harrison strikes, reducing the village to ashes. | Harrison strikes, reducing the village to ashes. |
919 | 01:05:40,066 | 01:05:42,199 | William Henry Harrison understands, uh | William Henry Harrison understands, uh |
920 | 01:05:42,242 | 01:05:45,550 | that eliminating Tecumseh will make him a national hero. | that eliminating Tecumseh will make him a national hero. |
921 | 01:05:45,593 | 01:05:48,770 | You get rid of Prophetstown while Tecumseh is away | You get rid of Prophetstown while Tecumseh is away |
922 | 01:05:48,814 | 01:05:51,730 | and burn down their capital | and burn down their capital |
923 | 01:05:51,773 | 01:05:55,081 | and fill all of these Indian tribes | and fill all of these Indian tribes |
924 | 01:05:55,125 | 01:05:56,256 | with dreaded fear. | with dreaded fear. |
925 | 01:05:58,041 | 01:05:59,607 | To send a clear message | To send a clear message |
926 | 01:05:59,651 | 01:06:02,393 | Harrison's men do more than destroy. | Harrison's men do more than destroy. |
927 | 01:06:02,436 | 01:06:05,483 | They commit acts of unspeakable horror. | They commit acts of unspeakable horror. |
928 | 01:06:05,526 | 01:06:08,486 | He goes to the graves | He goes to the graves |
929 | 01:06:08,529 | 01:06:10,053 | at Prophetstown | at Prophetstown |
930 | 01:06:10,096 | 01:06:12,620 | orders his men to dig up the bodies | orders his men to dig up the bodies |
931 | 01:06:12,664 | 01:06:14,231 | and mutilate the bodies | and mutilate the bodies |
932 | 01:06:14,274 | 01:06:16,015 | and leave the bodies where they lay. | and leave the bodies where they lay. |
933 | 01:06:17,408 | 01:06:19,976 | This was unimaginable | This was unimaginable |
934 | 01:06:20,019 | 01:06:22,065 | psychological warfare. | psychological warfare. |
935 | 01:06:25,242 | 01:06:27,809 | Known as the Battle of Tippecanoe | Known as the Battle of Tippecanoe |
936 | 01:06:27,853 | 01:06:30,638 | it makes Harrison a national figure. | it makes Harrison a national figure. |
937 | 01:06:44,261 | 01:06:47,960 | Within days, word of Prophetstown's destruction | Within days, word of Prophetstown's destruction |
938 | 01:06:48,004 | 01:06:49,005 | reaches Tecumseh.. | reaches Tecumseh.. |
939 | 01:06:50,876 | 01:06:54,532 | ...enraging tribes across the frontier. | ...enraging tribes across the frontier. |
940 | 01:06:54,575 | 01:06:58,536 | It lit a fire under the Native American Alliance | It lit a fire under the Native American Alliance |
941 | 01:06:58,579 | 01:07:00,929 | that Tecumseh was already building. | that Tecumseh was already building. |
942 | 01:07:00,973 | 01:07:03,323 | It fueled fury | It fueled fury |
943 | 01:07:03,367 | 01:07:06,761 | toward Harrison and toward the United States. | toward Harrison and toward the United States. |
944 | 01:07:26,303 | 01:07:28,000 | While rallying the Muscogee Nation | While rallying the Muscogee Nation |
945 | 01:07:28,044 | 01:07:30,133 | in December 1811 | in December 1811 |
946 | 01:07:30,176 | 01:07:33,397 | Tecumseh tells them his revenge will shake the Earth. | Tecumseh tells them his revenge will shake the Earth. |
947 | 01:07:35,051 | 01:07:36,791 | And the next night.. | And the next night.. |
948 | 01:07:38,576 | 01:07:40,447 | ...his words seem to come true. | ...his words seem to come true. |
949 | 01:07:49,282 | 01:07:51,850 | ...Tecumseh's prophecy seems to come true. | ...Tecumseh's prophecy seems to come true. |
950 | 01:08:14,002 | 01:08:16,048 | The entire frontier is rocked | The entire frontier is rocked |
951 | 01:08:16,092 | 01:08:19,051 | by three consecutive earthquakes | by three consecutive earthquakes |
952 | 01:08:19,095 | 01:08:22,054 | estimated to be a 7.9 on the Richter scale. | estimated to be a 7.9 on the Richter scale. |
953 | 01:08:24,665 | 01:08:27,538 | Known as the New Madrid earthquakes | Known as the New Madrid earthquakes |
954 | 01:08:27,581 | 01:08:28,974 | they're strong enough to be felt | they're strong enough to be felt |
955 | 01:08:29,017 | 01:08:32,238 | in a half-dozen states. | in a half-dozen states. |
956 | 01:08:32,282 | 01:08:35,937 | The New Madrid earthquakes were remarkable. | The New Madrid earthquakes were remarkable. |
957 | 01:08:35,981 | 01:08:38,766 | They had tremendous impact. | They had tremendous impact. |
958 | 01:08:38,810 | 01:08:40,420 | The Earth behaved in a way | The Earth behaved in a way |
959 | 01:08:40,464 | 01:08:41,769 | that it hadn't before. | that it hadn't before. |
960 | 01:08:41,813 | 01:08:43,902 | And so, this seemed to be | And so, this seemed to be |
961 | 01:08:43,945 | 01:08:45,033 | a supernatural | a supernatural |
962 | 01:08:45,077 | 01:08:46,644 | apocalyptic event. | apocalyptic event. |
963 | 01:08:48,689 | 01:08:52,084 | And that being tied to Tecumseh and his message | And that being tied to Tecumseh and his message |
964 | 01:08:52,128 | 01:08:55,261 | gained even more mythical status | gained even more mythical status |
965 | 01:08:55,305 | 01:08:58,438 | for him and for his entire movement. | for him and for his entire movement. |
966 | 01:09:01,398 | 01:09:03,965 | Empowered by this sign | Empowered by this sign |
967 | 01:09:04,009 | 01:09:07,317 | Tecumseh rallies yet more warriors to his cause. | Tecumseh rallies yet more warriors to his cause. |
968 | 01:09:11,843 | 01:09:14,193 | To ensure victory | To ensure victory |
969 | 01:09:14,237 | 01:09:16,108 | Tecumseh now seeks an alliance | Tecumseh now seeks an alliance |
970 | 01:09:16,152 | 01:09:18,458 | with the United States' strongest enemy.. | with the United States' strongest enemy.. |
971 | 01:09:26,205 | 01:09:27,511 | ...the British. | ...the British. |
972 | 01:09:31,602 | 01:09:34,213 | Tecumseh decides to align himself | Tecumseh decides to align himself |
973 | 01:09:34,257 | 01:09:36,215 | and his coalition with the British | and his coalition with the British |
974 | 01:09:36,259 | 01:09:38,348 | because he sees a strategic advantage | because he sees a strategic advantage |
975 | 01:09:38,391 | 01:09:42,090 | not only to end white settler incursion into native lands | not only to end white settler incursion into native lands |
976 | 01:09:42,134 | 01:09:45,050 | but to ultimately be able to take their territory back. | but to ultimately be able to take their territory back. |
977 | 01:09:51,709 | 01:09:53,754 | Word of Tecumseh's alliance with Britain | Word of Tecumseh's alliance with Britain |
978 | 01:09:53,798 | 01:09:56,453 | soon reaches Washington | soon reaches Washington |
979 | 01:09:56,496 | 01:09:58,977 | where President James Madison views it | where President James Madison views it |
980 | 01:09:59,020 | 01:10:01,109 | as the latest in an escalating series | as the latest in an escalating series |
981 | 01:10:01,153 | 01:10:02,198 | of British insults. | of British insults. |
982 | 01:10:04,287 | 01:10:06,680 | Madison believed the British were not treating | Madison believed the British were not treating |
983 | 01:10:06,724 | 01:10:08,639 | the United States with the respect | the United States with the respect |
984 | 01:10:08,682 | 01:10:10,554 | that the Americans believed that they deserved | that the Americans believed that they deserved |
985 | 01:10:10,597 | 01:10:14,122 | as an independent sovereign country. | as an independent sovereign country. |
986 | 01:10:14,166 | 01:10:16,908 | The British seized American vessels on the high seas | The British seized American vessels on the high seas |
987 | 01:10:16,951 | 01:10:19,389 | the British seized American sailors | the British seized American sailors |
988 | 01:10:19,432 | 01:10:21,695 | the British armed and provoked | the British armed and provoked |
989 | 01:10:21,739 | 01:10:23,610 | American Indians in the west. | American Indians in the west. |
990 | 01:10:34,665 | 01:10:37,015 | We behold on the side of Great Britain.. | We behold on the side of Great Britain.. |
991 | 01:10:38,277 | 01:10:40,148 | ...a state of war. | ...a state of war. |
992 | 01:10:41,802 | 01:10:44,762 | On June 18th, 1812 | On June 18th, 1812 |
993 | 01:10:44,805 | 01:10:48,287 | almost 30 years after winning its independence | almost 30 years after winning its independence |
994 | 01:10:48,331 | 01:10:50,681 | the United States declares war | the United States declares war |
995 | 01:10:50,724 | 01:10:52,944 | on Great Britain. | on Great Britain. |
996 | 01:10:52,987 | 01:10:55,294 | A lot of people called the war of 1812 | A lot of people called the war of 1812 |
997 | 01:10:55,338 | 01:10:58,297 | the second war for American independence. | the second war for American independence. |
998 | 01:11:00,386 | 01:11:02,170 | The president's first priority | The president's first priority |
999 | 01:11:02,214 | 01:11:05,130 | is to send reinforcements to Fort Detroit | is to send reinforcements to Fort Detroit |
1000 | 01:11:05,173 | 01:11:08,176 | in current-day Michigan. | in current-day Michigan. |
1001 | 01:11:08,220 | 01:11:10,309 | It's on the border of British Canada | It's on the border of British Canada |
1002 | 01:11:10,353 | 01:11:11,789 | and whoever controls it | and whoever controls it |
1003 | 01:11:11,832 | 01:11:14,008 | controls the American frontier. | controls the American frontier. |
1004 | 01:11:23,061 | 01:11:25,629 | As 200 US troops move north.. | As 200 US troops move north.. |
1005 | 01:11:39,164 | 01:11:42,559 | ...Tecumseh ambushes them with 24 warriors.. | ...Tecumseh ambushes them with 24 warriors.. |
1006 | 01:11:44,212 | 01:11:45,779 | ...and a clever attack plan. | ...and a clever attack plan. |
1007 | 01:11:48,956 | 01:11:50,697 | One of the hallmarks | One of the hallmarks |
1008 | 01:11:50,741 | 01:11:53,613 | of Tecumseh's military strategy | of Tecumseh's military strategy |
1009 | 01:11:53,657 | 01:11:56,790 | was repeatedly making enemies think | was repeatedly making enemies think |
1010 | 01:11:56,834 | 01:11:59,010 | he had far more warriors | he had far more warriors |
1011 | 01:11:59,053 | 01:12:01,055 | than he actually had. | than he actually had. |
1012 | 01:12:01,099 | 01:12:04,494 | He moved them around in such a way | He moved them around in such a way |
1013 | 01:12:04,537 | 01:12:07,105 | making noise, kicking up dust | making noise, kicking up dust |
1014 | 01:12:07,148 | 01:12:08,715 | made it appear that his forces | made it appear that his forces |
1015 | 01:12:08,759 | 01:12:10,848 | were vastly superior in number. | were vastly superior in number. |
1016 | 01:12:53,281 | 01:12:56,459 | ...they're ambushed by Tecumseh.. | ...they're ambushed by Tecumseh.. |
1017 | 01:12:56,502 | 01:12:58,330 | ...and 24 warriors. | ...and 24 warriors. |
1018 | 01:13:22,920 | 01:13:25,139 | Even though he's vastly outnumbered | Even though he's vastly outnumbered |
1019 | 01:13:25,183 | 01:13:26,489 | Tecumseh prevails. | Tecumseh prevails. |
1020 | 01:13:29,274 | 01:13:30,971 | And he turns his sights | And he turns his sights |
1021 | 01:13:31,015 | 01:13:33,931 | to Fort Detroit itself. | to Fort Detroit itself. |
1022 | 01:13:33,974 | 01:13:36,281 | Detroit's pretty important because it's the gateway | Detroit's pretty important because it's the gateway |
1023 | 01:13:36,324 | 01:13:38,326 | to what's called Upper Canada. | to what's called Upper Canada. |
1024 | 01:13:38,370 | 01:13:41,199 | Basically the area we know as Ontario today. | Basically the area we know as Ontario today. |
1025 | 01:13:43,593 | 01:13:46,726 | Detroit was, uh, the administrative center | Detroit was, uh, the administrative center |
1026 | 01:13:46,770 | 01:13:48,119 | of The Great Lakes. | of The Great Lakes. |
1027 | 01:13:48,162 | 01:13:49,468 | So, the control center | So, the control center |
1028 | 01:13:49,512 | 01:13:51,644 | for the entire American west. | for the entire American west. |
1029 | 01:14:12,448 | 01:14:16,016 | By 1812, Tecumseh is a legend across the frontier. | By 1812, Tecumseh is a legend across the frontier. |
1030 | 01:14:17,757 | 01:14:20,020 | And terrified by his reputation | And terrified by his reputation |
1031 | 01:14:20,064 | 01:14:22,022 | the soldiers manning the fort | the soldiers manning the fort |
1032 | 01:14:22,066 | 01:14:23,720 | give up without a fight. | give up without a fight. |
1033 | 01:14:53,663 | 01:14:55,403 | Because the American commander at Detroit | Because the American commander at Detroit |
1034 | 01:14:55,447 | 01:14:57,754 | was grossly incompetent | was grossly incompetent |
1035 | 01:14:57,797 | 01:14:59,625 | Tecumseh and his British allies | Tecumseh and his British allies |
1036 | 01:14:59,669 | 01:15:02,106 | were able to take the American fort at Detroit | were able to take the American fort at Detroit |
1037 | 01:15:02,149 | 01:15:04,456 | without firing a single shot. | without firing a single shot. |
1038 | 01:15:07,415 | 01:15:09,330 | With the American surrender | With the American surrender |
1039 | 01:15:09,374 | 01:15:12,551 | the British now control the most important fort | the British now control the most important fort |
1040 | 01:15:12,595 | 01:15:13,857 | on the frontier. | on the frontier. |
1041 | 01:15:30,264 | 01:15:33,616 | After a lifetime of violence under US expansion.. | After a lifetime of violence under US expansion.. |
1042 | 01:15:39,665 | 01:15:43,234 | ...this is Tecumseh's chance for revenge. | ...this is Tecumseh's chance for revenge. |
1043 | 01:15:43,277 | 01:15:44,583 | Please. | Please. |
1044 | 01:16:08,259 | 01:16:11,697 | Tecumseh was dedicated not only to the ideal | Tecumseh was dedicated not only to the ideal |
1045 | 01:16:11,741 | 01:16:14,613 | of the Shawnee warrior, but to his own | of the Shawnee warrior, but to his own |
1046 | 01:16:14,657 | 01:16:17,050 | standard of morality. | standard of morality. |
1047 | 01:16:22,012 | 01:16:25,493 | Tecumseh's choice is more than an act of mercy. | Tecumseh's choice is more than an act of mercy. |
1048 | 01:16:25,537 | 01:16:27,931 | It's a strategic act of diplomacy. | It's a strategic act of diplomacy. |
1049 | 01:16:29,976 | 01:16:31,761 | Tecumseh understood | Tecumseh understood |
1050 | 01:16:31,804 | 01:16:33,632 | that he was essentially fighting | that he was essentially fighting |
1051 | 01:16:33,676 | 01:16:36,156 | a defensive war against the forces | a defensive war against the forces |
1052 | 01:16:36,200 | 01:16:38,985 | of United States' expansionism. | of United States' expansionism. |
1053 | 01:16:39,029 | 01:16:42,423 | He did not want to push the war | He did not want to push the war |
1054 | 01:16:42,467 | 01:16:45,862 | to the depths of barbarity and savagery | to the depths of barbarity and savagery |
1055 | 01:16:45,905 | 01:16:48,255 | that would have made it impossible for him | that would have made it impossible for him |
1056 | 01:16:48,299 | 01:16:51,302 | to negotiate at a later time with the United States. | to negotiate at a later time with the United States. |
1057 | 01:16:54,131 | 01:16:55,698 | With the defeat at Fort Detroit.. | With the defeat at Fort Detroit.. |
1058 | 01:16:58,004 | 01:17:01,399 | ...Britain claims the Michigan territory for the crown | ...Britain claims the Michigan territory for the crown |
1059 | 01:17:01,442 | 01:17:03,009 | and cements their alliance | and cements their alliance |
1060 | 01:17:03,053 | 01:17:04,924 | with Tecumseh's Pan-Indian nation.. | with Tecumseh's Pan-Indian nation.. |
1061 | 01:17:06,796 | 01:17:09,973 | ...news that alarms the US Government | ...news that alarms the US Government |
1062 | 01:17:10,016 | 01:17:12,192 | and threatens the young country's future. | and threatens the young country's future. |
1063 | 01:17:14,804 | 01:17:16,632 | Next time.. | Next time.. |
1064 | 01:17:16,675 | 01:17:19,678 | ...on "The Men Who Built - Frontiersmen.." | ...on "The Men Who Built - Frontiersmen.." |
1065 | 01:17:19,722 | 01:17:23,116 | ...in Tennessee, a young general named Andrew Jackson.. | ...in Tennessee, a young general named Andrew Jackson.. |
1066 | 01:17:24,204 | 01:17:25,684 | ...vows to stop Britain | ...vows to stop Britain |
1067 | 01:17:25,728 | 01:17:28,426 | and her allies...at any cost. | and her allies...at any cost. |
1068 | 01:17:29,470 | 01:17:31,734 | - Ahh! - Come on, men! | - Ahh! - Come on, men! |
1069 | 01:17:31,777 | 01:17:33,953 | Andrew Jackson was often thought of as the second coming | Andrew Jackson was often thought of as the second coming |
1070 | 01:17:33,997 | 01:17:35,346 | of George Washington. | of George Washington. |
1071 | 01:17:35,389 | 01:17:36,869 | George Washington wins independence | George Washington wins independence |
1072 | 01:17:36,913 | 01:17:38,741 | for the United States, Andrew Jackson | for the United States, Andrew Jackson |
1073 | 01:17:38,784 | 01:17:40,656 | defends independence for the United States. | defends independence for the United States. |
1074 | 01:17:40,699 | 01:17:43,702 | Fire! | Fire! |
1075 | 01:17:43,746 | 01:17:46,618 | He fights with famed frontiersman, Davy Crockett. | He fights with famed frontiersman, Davy Crockett. |
1076 | 01:17:46,662 | 01:17:49,708 | David Crockett looms huge in the notion | David Crockett looms huge in the notion |
1077 | 01:17:49,752 | 01:17:51,971 | of what the American frontier was. | of what the American frontier was. |
1078 | 01:17:52,015 | 01:17:55,975 | He became a symbol of possibility. | He became a symbol of possibility. |
1079 | 01:17:56,019 | 01:17:58,021 | The fate of the United States | The fate of the United States |
1080 | 01:17:58,064 | 01:18:01,415 | depends on this new generation of frontiersmen. | depends on this new generation of frontiersmen. |
1081 | 01:18:01,459 | 01:18:02,852 | Do not test me. | Do not test me. |