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1 00:02:35,503 00:02:37,766 I didn't want to believe in the beginning, I didn't want to believe in the beginning,
2 00:02:37,809 00:02:39,898 what happened to Jamal. what happened to Jamal.
3 00:02:39,942 00:02:41,813 Prominent Saudi journalist Prominent Saudi journalist
4 00:02:41,857 00:02:43,554 andWashington Post columnist andWashington Post columnist
5 00:02:43,598 00:02:45,339 has gone missing after visiting has gone missing after visiting
6 00:02:45,382 00:02:47,210 his country's consulate in Istanbul. his country's consulate in Istanbul.
7 00:02:50,866 00:02:54,652 Yes, I knew that I was doing something dangerous. Yes, I knew that I was doing something dangerous.
8 00:02:54,696 00:02:56,480 But I didn't know that, you know, But I didn't know that, you know,
9 00:02:56,524 00:02:59,440 we're going to lose so many lives because of it. we're going to lose so many lives because of it.
10 00:03:01,093 00:03:02,965 On Tuesday, Jamal Khashoggi On Tuesday, Jamal Khashoggi
11 00:03:03,008 00:03:04,575 entered the Saudi consulate entered the Saudi consulate
12 00:03:04,619 00:03:06,621 in Istanbul but hasn't been seen since. in Istanbul but hasn't been seen since.
13 00:03:08,188 00:03:10,015 Saudi and Turkish officials Saudi and Turkish officials
14 00:03:10,059 00:03:11,887 have given conflicting accounts have given conflicting accounts
15 00:03:11,930 00:03:13,932 on the whereabouts of Jamal Khashoggi, on the whereabouts of Jamal Khashoggi,
16 00:03:13,976 00:03:15,499 who's known for criticizing who's known for criticizing
17 00:03:15,543 00:03:18,154 Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman's policy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman's policy
18 00:03:18,198 00:03:20,025 inside Saudi Arabia. inside Saudi Arabia.
19 00:03:20,069 00:03:21,853 Once an adviser and friend Once an adviser and friend
20 00:03:21,897 00:03:23,638 of Saudi's royal and elites, of Saudi's royal and elites,
21 00:03:23,681 00:03:26,336 he now lives in self-exile in the U.S. he now lives in self-exile in the U.S.
22 00:03:26,380 00:03:30,210 and is an outspoken critic of his government's policies. and is an outspoken critic of his government's policies.
23 00:03:47,792 00:03:49,272 Turkish authorities believe Turkish authorities believe
24 00:03:49,316 00:03:51,100 prominent Saudi journalist, prominent Saudi journalist,
25 00:03:51,143 00:03:53,233 Jamal Khashoggi, has been killed. Jamal Khashoggi, has been killed.
26 00:06:21,381 00:06:23,252 ...what I want in my retirement. ...what I want in my retirement.
27 00:06:23,295 00:06:25,863 I'm 60 years old, and I want to enjoy life, I'm 60 years old, and I want to enjoy life,
28 00:06:25,907 00:06:27,212 and I want to be free. and I want to be free.
29 00:06:27,256 00:06:28,997 Unfortunately, the government treated me Unfortunately, the government treated me
30 00:06:29,040 00:06:31,739 as if I shot the King, God forbid, and I ran away. as if I shot the King, God forbid, and I ran away.
31 00:06:31,782 00:06:32,914 As I am a traitor. As I am a traitor.
32 00:06:34,872 00:06:37,440 After his death, After his death,
33 00:06:37,484 00:06:39,007 Jamal became a hero. Jamal became a hero.
34 00:06:40,443 00:06:45,143 We cry when we hear that the hero is killed. We cry when we hear that the hero is killed.
35 00:06:45,187 00:06:47,494 But his works, But his works,
36 00:06:47,537 00:06:51,193 his cause, his vision, his cause, his vision,
37 00:06:51,236 00:06:52,847 it would live forever. it would live forever.
38 00:06:54,718 00:06:57,504 What do you know about the bees? What do you know about the bees?
39 00:09:25,565 00:09:27,523 We know from here that We know from here that
40 00:09:27,567 00:09:30,395 he entered this embassy and didn't come out. he entered this embassy and didn't come out.
41 00:09:30,439 00:09:33,529 ...in Istanbul, seekingpaperwork to marry his fiancée. ...in Istanbul, seekingpaperwork to marry his fiancée.
42 00:09:33,573 00:09:36,488 His fiancée saw him go in at 1:00 p.m. His fiancée saw him go in at 1:00 p.m.
43 00:09:36,532 00:09:39,796 and was still waiting for him after 1:00 a.m. and was still waiting for him after 1:00 a.m.
44 00:10:17,834 00:10:19,967 MALE REPORTER 1 : Saudi officials have denied that MALE REPORTER 1 : Saudi officials have denied that
45 00:10:20,010 00:10:22,839 a prominent Saudi journalist is in their custody. a prominent Saudi journalist is in their custody.
46 00:10:22,883 00:10:25,537 Jamal Khashoggi has reportedly been missing Jamal Khashoggi has reportedly been missing
47 00:10:25,581 00:10:27,235 for more than 24 hours. for more than 24 hours.
48 00:10:27,278 00:10:29,324 Turkey says that they will be cooperating Turkey says that they will be cooperating
49 00:10:29,367 00:10:32,240 with Saudi authorities to resolve the incident. with Saudi authorities to resolve the incident.
50 00:10:32,283 00:10:34,808 The consulate said it had no comment The consulate said it had no comment
51 00:10:34,851 00:10:37,724 when asked why he never came out. when asked why he never came out.
52 00:10:40,117 00:10:42,467 Can you tell me what happened to Mr. Khashoggi? Can you tell me what happened to Mr. Khashoggi?
53 00:10:42,511 00:10:44,208 What happened to Mr. Khashoggi? What happened to Mr. Khashoggi?
54 00:10:45,993 00:10:47,385 Did you talk to him? Did you talk to him?
55 00:10:55,785 00:10:56,873 Okay. Okay.
56 00:10:58,875 00:11:00,181 Jamal-- Jamal--
57 00:11:00,224 00:11:01,791 Jamal Khashoggi. Jamal Khashoggi.
58 00:11:01,835 00:11:04,228 Jamal Ahmad Khashoggi. Jamal Ahmad Khashoggi.
59 00:11:09,973 00:11:11,583 Right. Okay. Right. Okay.
60 00:12:07,204 00:12:09,163 What year was that, Jamal, that you graduated? What year was that, Jamal, that you graduated?
61 00:12:09,206 00:12:11,513 -Eighty-one. Yes. -Nineteen eighty-one? -Eighty-one. Yes. -Nineteen eighty-one?
62 00:12:11,556 00:12:14,037 Business Administration degree from Indiana State. Business Administration degree from Indiana State.
63 00:12:14,081 00:12:17,301 But since then, I'm happy to see from his biography, But since then, I'm happy to see from his biography,
64 00:12:17,345 00:12:20,217 Jamal is a rara avis, at least in our society, Jamal is a rara avis, at least in our society,
65 00:12:20,261 00:12:23,090 full-time long-term professional journalist. full-time long-term professional journalist.
66 00:12:23,133 00:12:25,657 He doesn't seem tempted to be doing anything else. He doesn't seem tempted to be doing anything else.
67 00:12:45,982 00:12:47,549 Saudi Arabia is a monarchy. Saudi Arabia is a monarchy.
68 00:12:47,592 00:12:50,160 I mean, the king has ruled that it should happen. I mean, the king has ruled that it should happen.
69 00:14:52,195 00:14:54,545 -On Twitter? -On Twitter. -On Twitter? -On Twitter.
70 00:14:57,026 00:14:59,202 I was criticizing everything I was criticizing everything
71 00:14:59,246 00:15:01,683 except the royal family. except the royal family.
72 00:15:04,729 00:15:07,384 But I didn't have a very huge audience. But I didn't have a very huge audience.
73 00:15:07,428 00:15:10,387 I was just a regular guy with hundred followers. I was just a regular guy with hundred followers.
74 00:17:02,325 00:17:04,284 The Saudi King's jet carries The Saudi King's jet carries
75 00:17:04,327 00:17:06,068 its own royal staircase. its own royal staircase.
76 00:17:06,112 00:17:08,505 Waiting at the bottom of it at Gatwick Airport this morning Waiting at the bottom of it at Gatwick Airport this morning
77 00:17:08,549 00:17:10,333 were the Prince and Princess of Wales. were the Prince and Princess of Wales.
78 00:17:10,377 00:17:13,510 The king of one of the most closed societies in the world The king of one of the most closed societies in the world
79 00:17:13,554 00:17:16,078 looking at ease in this more open one. looking at ease in this more open one.
80 00:17:16,122 00:17:17,775 The Saudi government and the monarchy The Saudi government and the monarchy
81 00:17:17,819 00:17:21,649 has evolved significantly over the last 80 years, has evolved significantly over the last 80 years,
82 00:17:21,692 00:17:24,043 basically, since the kingdom was founded. basically, since the kingdom was founded.
83 00:17:27,263 00:17:29,222 The founder of Saudi Arabia, King Abdulaziz, The founder of Saudi Arabia, King Abdulaziz,
84 00:17:29,265 00:17:31,485 had about 37 sons or so. had about 37 sons or so.
85 00:17:31,528 00:17:33,965 And political power, as well as economic power, And political power, as well as economic power,
86 00:17:34,009 00:17:36,185 was distributed among those sons. was distributed among those sons.
87 00:17:36,229 00:17:39,319 A pivotal country saw a lavish welcome A pivotal country saw a lavish welcome
88 00:17:39,362 00:17:40,842 for the man who controls for the man who controls
89 00:17:40,885 00:17:43,323 nearly half the world's oil reserves. nearly half the world's oil reserves.
90 00:17:44,802 00:17:46,935 Once King Abdulaziz died, Once King Abdulaziz died,
91 00:17:46,978 00:17:48,241 the crown was passed through the crown was passed through
92 00:17:48,284 00:17:49,633 to his son, to his son,
93 00:17:49,677 00:17:52,027 to his son, to his son. to his son, to his son.
94 00:17:53,202 00:17:55,248 King Salman became the king King Salman became the king
95 00:17:55,291 00:17:57,989 and the game has completely changed. and the game has completely changed.
96 00:18:00,601 00:18:02,429 A new king reigns in a country A new king reigns in a country
97 00:18:02,472 00:18:04,300 with enormous sway over the world economy with enormous sway over the world economy
98 00:18:04,344 00:18:06,389 and the war on terror. and the war on terror.
99 00:18:07,999 00:18:10,567 While in the past, the king really had to rely on While in the past, the king really had to rely on
100 00:18:10,611 00:18:14,876 a lot of his brothers in order to govern the kingdom. a lot of his brothers in order to govern the kingdom.
101 00:18:14,919 00:18:16,921 When they passed from the scene, When they passed from the scene,
102 00:18:16,965 00:18:18,662 more and more powers concentrated more and more powers concentrated
103 00:18:18,706 00:18:22,449 in the hands of his heirs, in the hands of his heirs,
104 00:18:22,492 00:18:24,364 and that's the situation we have today. and that's the situation we have today.
105 00:18:39,640 00:18:41,598 Saudi Arabia has granted Saudi Arabia has granted
106 00:18:41,642 00:18:45,167 Turkish investigators permission to enter and search. Turkish investigators permission to enter and search.
107 00:22:02,233 00:22:04,061 This is history. This is history.
108 00:22:04,105 00:22:06,934 Protesters forcing change earlier this year in Tunisia, Protesters forcing change earlier this year in Tunisia,
109 00:22:06,977 00:22:09,371 now succeeding in forcing change in Egypt now succeeding in forcing change in Egypt
110 00:22:09,415 00:22:12,679 after nearly 30 years of Mubarak rule. after nearly 30 years of Mubarak rule.
111 00:22:14,158 00:22:17,205 That's two Arab leaders in two months. That's two Arab leaders in two months.
112 00:22:28,259 00:22:29,826 Arab governments are watching closely, Arab governments are watching closely,
113 00:22:29,870 00:22:31,872 wary that a revolution might be headed wary that a revolution might be headed
114 00:22:31,915 00:22:33,569 to their country next. to their country next.
115 00:22:57,941 00:23:00,379 The military's crackdown on opposition in Egypt The military's crackdown on opposition in Egypt
116 00:23:00,422 00:23:04,034 had resulted in over 14,000 people thrown in jail. had resulted in over 14,000 people thrown in jail.
117 00:24:24,550 00:24:26,203 John, good morning. John, good morning.
118 00:24:26,247 00:24:27,727 I'm on a new phone. I'm on a new phone.
119 00:24:27,770 00:24:29,555 Uh, this is temporary. Uh, this is temporary.
120 00:24:29,598 00:24:34,995 Let's not exchange sensitive information until you arrive. Let's not exchange sensitive information until you arrive.
121 00:24:35,038 00:24:37,563 But this is how to get in touch with me until then. But this is how to get in touch with me until then.
122 00:24:40,348 00:24:42,959 I tell people that Jamal and I I tell people that Jamal and I
123 00:24:43,003 00:24:46,180 were not supposed to be friends. were not supposed to be friends.
124 00:24:46,223 00:24:49,052 I mean, I'm a pretty well-known dissident. I mean, I'm a pretty well-known dissident.
125 00:24:49,096 00:24:53,970 But in 2012, he started following me on Twitter. But in 2012, he started following me on Twitter.
126 00:24:54,014 00:24:56,190 He was very interested in social media He was very interested in social media
127 00:24:56,233 00:24:57,931 in terms of the phenomena. in terms of the phenomena.
128 00:24:59,889 00:25:03,719 Saudi Arabia has an unprecedented online population. Saudi Arabia has an unprecedented online population.
129 00:25:07,070 00:25:09,551 We know that there's no free speech. We know that there's no free speech.
130 00:25:09,595 00:25:12,641 So, Twitter became the parliament of the Arabs. So, Twitter became the parliament of the Arabs.
131 00:25:42,671 00:25:44,586 ...already proposed a series ...already proposed a series
132 00:25:44,630 00:25:46,022 of economic and social changes of economic and social changes
133 00:25:46,066 00:25:49,373 under the banner of Saudi Vision 2030. under the banner of Saudi Vision 2030.
134 00:25:49,417 00:25:52,028 The highly anticipated 2030 Vision The highly anticipated 2030 Vision
135 00:25:52,072 00:25:55,379 seems to radically change the image of the Kingdom. seems to radically change the image of the Kingdom.
136 00:25:55,423 00:25:57,077 The man behind it all, The man behind it all,
137 00:25:57,120 00:25:59,514 Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman,
138 00:25:59,558 00:26:01,995 is regarded as a progressive leader, is regarded as a progressive leader,
139 00:26:02,038 00:26:04,824 touting social and economic reforms. touting social and economic reforms.
140 00:26:10,438 00:26:12,092 And critics say, MBS, And critics say, MBS,
141 00:26:12,135 00:26:15,182 as he's known, is also power hungry. as he's known, is also power hungry.
142 00:26:15,225 00:26:16,923 I had met Mohammed Salman I had met Mohammed Salman
143 00:26:16,966 00:26:19,665 when he was Chief of Staff to his father. when he was Chief of Staff to his father.
144 00:26:21,014 00:26:24,452 We understood that he was very ambitious, We understood that he was very ambitious,
145 00:26:24,495 00:26:28,412 a very impatient, and a favorite son. a very impatient, and a favorite son.
146 00:26:29,805 00:26:31,764 He pushed aside King Salman's half-brother, He pushed aside King Salman's half-brother,
147 00:26:31,807 00:26:35,768 Prince Muqrin and the Crown Prince, Muhammad Nayef. Prince Muqrin and the Crown Prince, Muhammad Nayef.
148 00:26:35,811 00:26:39,336 He's being described as the power behind the throne, He's being described as the power behind the throne,
149 00:26:39,380 00:26:42,383 and has had a hand in nearly everything in the Kingdom. and has had a hand in nearly everything in the Kingdom.
150 00:26:42,426 00:26:44,385 He is emancipating women, He is emancipating women,
151 00:26:44,428 00:26:46,213 introducing music and cinema, introducing music and cinema,
152 00:26:46,256 00:26:48,432 and cracking down on corruption. and cracking down on corruption.
153 00:27:17,244 00:27:18,680 This is an American first, This is an American first,
154 00:27:18,724 00:27:20,464 never before has a president set foot never before has a president set foot
155 00:27:20,508 00:27:23,685 on Saudi soil for his first trip abroad. on Saudi soil for his first trip abroad.
156 00:27:32,738 00:27:37,438 America will not seek to impose our way of life on others, America will not seek to impose our way of life on others,
157 00:27:37,481 00:27:40,093 but to outstretch our hands but to outstretch our hands
158 00:27:40,136 00:27:43,705 in the spirit of cooperation and trust. in the spirit of cooperation and trust.
159 00:27:43,749 00:27:45,359 What my sources told me What my sources told me
160 00:27:45,402 00:27:47,840 was the Saudis and Mohammed bin Salman, in particular, was the Saudis and Mohammed bin Salman, in particular,
161 00:27:47,883 00:27:49,319 were trying to forge a relationship were trying to forge a relationship
162 00:27:49,363 00:27:51,147 with people in The White House, with people in The White House,
163 00:27:51,191 00:27:54,107 and most particularly with Jared Kushner, and most particularly with Jared Kushner,
164 00:27:54,150 00:27:56,457 who's the President's son-in-law and Senior Advisor. who's the President's son-in-law and Senior Advisor.
165 00:28:07,555 00:28:09,731 Three billion dollars, Three billion dollars,
166 00:28:09,775 00:28:12,603 $533 million, $533 million,
167 00:28:12,647 00:28:15,694 $525 million. $525 million.
168 00:28:15,737 00:28:17,130 That's peanuts for you. That's peanuts for you.
169 00:28:17,173 00:28:19,175 You should've increased it. Eight hundred... You should've increased it. Eight hundred...
170 00:28:26,487 00:28:29,533 He said that he's milking the country. He said that he's milking the country.
171 00:28:37,672 00:28:39,718 I'm sure Saudi Arabian officials I'm sure Saudi Arabian officials
172 00:28:39,761 00:28:40,980 were caught off-guard were caught off-guard
173 00:28:41,023 00:28:43,460 by the election of Mr. Trump. Now... by the election of Mr. Trump. Now...
174 00:28:43,504 00:28:47,160 I think all of us, as Saudis, should worry about it. I think all of us, as Saudis, should worry about it.
175 00:28:47,203 00:28:51,468 I strongly believe that the struggle for democracy I strongly believe that the struggle for democracy
176 00:28:51,512 00:28:54,645 in the Middle East are the core of all problems. in the Middle East are the core of all problems.
177 00:29:16,972 00:29:19,105 When Jamal heard that statement, When Jamal heard that statement,
178 00:29:19,148 00:29:20,584 he was shocked. he was shocked.
179 00:29:24,066 00:29:25,372 By 2017, By 2017,
180 00:29:25,415 00:29:28,897 Jamal had an enormous audience. Jamal had an enormous audience.
181 00:29:28,941 00:29:34,250 MBS put together a plan to control the public sphere. MBS put together a plan to control the public sphere.
182 00:29:34,294 00:29:37,819 Saud al-Qahtani, MBS's right-hand man, Saud al-Qahtani, MBS's right-hand man,
183 00:29:37,863 00:29:40,082 managed to implement this plan... managed to implement this plan...
184 00:29:41,780 00:29:43,825 ...creating Twitter army of trolls ...creating Twitter army of trolls
185 00:29:43,869 00:29:46,959 to control the freedom of speech. to control the freedom of speech.
186 00:29:47,002 00:29:48,612 Al-Qahtani worked behind the scenes Al-Qahtani worked behind the scenes
187 00:29:48,656 00:29:50,571 as an enforcer for the Crown Prince. as an enforcer for the Crown Prince.
188 00:29:50,614 00:29:52,225 Qahtani was known for targeting those Qahtani was known for targeting those
189 00:29:52,268 00:29:55,445 who spoke out against Riyadh on Twitter. who spoke out against Riyadh on Twitter.
190 00:30:48,803 00:30:50,239 They're not dissidents. They're not dissidents.
191 00:30:50,283 00:30:53,852 The people were not even being dissidents. The people were not even being dissidents.
192 00:30:53,895 00:30:55,766 These were the thought-makers, These were the thought-makers,
193 00:30:55,810 00:30:59,727 the opinion-makers of Saudi society. the opinion-makers of Saudi society.
194 00:30:59,770 00:31:01,642 Writers and intellectuals. Writers and intellectuals.
195 00:34:37,466 00:34:39,642 For the first time, we are now hearing For the first time, we are now hearing
196 00:34:39,686 00:34:42,819 from the fiancée of WashingtonPost reporter Jamal Khashoggi... from the fiancée of WashingtonPost reporter Jamal Khashoggi...
197 00:34:42,863 00:34:44,125 ...has called on U.S. lawmakers ...has called on U.S. lawmakers
198 00:34:44,169 00:34:46,127 to hold Saudi Arabia accountable. to hold Saudi Arabia accountable.
199 00:34:46,171 00:34:47,868 His fiancée says she'll fight to ensure His fiancée says she'll fight to ensure
200 00:34:47,911 00:34:49,957 everyone who is responsible for his death everyone who is responsible for his death
201 00:34:50,000 00:34:52,002 is brought to justice. is brought to justice.
202 00:35:05,929 00:35:07,453 Yeah. I need 10 minutes. Yeah. I need 10 minutes.
203 00:35:07,496 00:35:08,454 Yes. Yes.
204 00:35:11,283 00:35:12,762 We need to cross the opening... We need to cross the opening...
205 00:35:12,806 00:35:14,329 Absolutely. But let's go... Absolutely. But let's go...
206 00:35:27,516 00:35:30,519 If we can just announce the press briefing. If we can just announce the press briefing.
207 00:35:30,563 00:35:32,478 And is there any questions? And is there any questions?
208 00:35:32,521 00:35:34,306 If there's questions, we cannot... If there's questions, we cannot...
209 00:39:12,437 00:39:14,439 I said, "But here's the thing. I said, "But here's the thing.
210 00:39:14,482 00:39:16,832 Not every single one of them trusts you." Not every single one of them trusts you."
211 00:39:18,878 00:39:21,837 You are saying that Jamal might be a spy. You are saying that Jamal might be a spy.
212 00:39:26,189 00:39:28,409 I met Jamal in Washington I met Jamal in Washington
213 00:39:28,453 00:39:32,021 after a manor connected me to him. after a manor connected me to him.
214 00:39:32,065 00:39:34,459 I think we bonded a lot over food. Heh. I think we bonded a lot over food. Heh.
215 00:39:34,502 00:39:39,246 Like most, I guess, Middle Easterners. Like most, I guess, Middle Easterners.
216 00:39:39,289 00:39:41,988 He told me that he had moved to the U.S. He told me that he had moved to the U.S.
217 00:39:42,031 00:39:44,207 and that he was all alone and that he was all alone
218 00:39:44,251 00:39:45,687 and didn't know what was happening and didn't know what was happening
219 00:39:45,731 00:39:48,864 for the first time in his life at age 60. for the first time in his life at age 60.
220 00:39:48,908 00:39:51,389 I remember he started tearing up, I remember he started tearing up,
221 00:39:51,432 00:39:57,003 telling me how his wife whom he had loved very, very much, telling me how his wife whom he had loved very, very much,
222 00:39:57,046 00:39:58,613 she wasn't okay with it. she wasn't okay with it.
223 00:39:58,657 00:39:59,788 She-- Nobody was. She-- Nobody was.
224 00:39:59,832 00:40:01,094 His kids weren't okay with it. His kids weren't okay with it.
225 00:40:01,137 00:40:02,400 Nobody was okay with it. Nobody was okay with it.
226 00:40:03,618 00:40:06,360 Everything was left behind Everything was left behind
227 00:40:06,404 00:40:10,669 and the country-- 60 years of his life-- and the country-- 60 years of his life--
228 00:40:10,712 00:40:12,018 everything. everything.
229 00:40:12,061 00:40:15,413 He struggled with it every single day. He struggled with it every single day.
230 00:40:17,197 00:40:21,027 In Saudi Arabia, he was the biggest insider. In Saudi Arabia, he was the biggest insider.
231 00:40:21,070 00:40:23,072 And then, all of a sudden, he finds himself And then, all of a sudden, he finds himself
232 00:40:23,116 00:40:24,378 on the outside, on the outside,
233 00:40:24,422 00:40:26,336 on the very much outside. on the very much outside.
234 00:40:31,864 00:40:34,257 I felt, like, for him to settle emotionally, I felt, like, for him to settle emotionally,
235 00:40:34,301 00:40:38,392 mentally, physically, he needed to write again. mentally, physically, he needed to write again.
236 00:41:21,304 00:41:23,219 I was a friend of Jamal Khashoggi's I was a friend of Jamal Khashoggi's
237 00:41:23,263 00:41:25,483 for about 15 years. for about 15 years.
238 00:41:25,526 00:41:30,096 When he came toThe Washington Post, he was transported. When he came toThe Washington Post, he was transported.
239 00:41:30,139 00:41:31,880 This was something that he had dreamed about. This was something that he had dreamed about.
240 00:41:31,924 00:41:33,360 You have to understand what it's like You have to understand what it's like
241 00:41:33,403 00:41:34,579 to be a journalist in Saudi Arabia. to be a journalist in Saudi Arabia.
242 00:41:34,622 00:41:36,102 Every time you try to say something Every time you try to say something
243 00:41:36,145 00:41:38,408 that's tough-minded, you get fired. that's tough-minded, you get fired.
244 00:41:41,281 00:41:44,937 He was the sort of person that just couldn't take a pass. He was the sort of person that just couldn't take a pass.
245 00:41:44,980 00:41:48,418 If he felt something, he just insisted on writing it. If he felt something, he just insisted on writing it.
246 00:41:50,116 00:41:51,465 I watched him get fired I watched him get fired
247 00:41:51,509 00:41:54,337 from a series of jobs in Saudi Arabia, from a series of jobs in Saudi Arabia,
248 00:41:54,381 00:41:57,515 each time because he just couldn't stop himself each time because he just couldn't stop himself
249 00:41:57,558 00:41:59,517 from saying what he thought was true. from saying what he thought was true.
250 00:43:29,476 00:43:31,434 All we want from you this time All we want from you this time
251 00:43:31,478 00:43:34,046 is to like and subscribe. is to like and subscribe.
252 00:44:08,428 00:44:11,649 We're seeing a truly historic upheaval unfold right now. We're seeing a truly historic upheaval unfold right now.
253 00:44:11,692 00:44:14,086 A royal purge in Saudi Arabia. A royal purge in Saudi Arabia.
254 00:44:15,783 00:44:17,306 King Salman ordered the creation King Salman ordered the creation
255 00:44:17,350 00:44:19,439 of a new anti-corruption committee of a new anti-corruption committee
256 00:44:19,482 00:44:22,964 headed by son, Prince Mohammed Salman. headed by son, Prince Mohammed Salman.
257 00:44:23,008 00:44:25,271 November of 2017, November of 2017,
258 00:44:25,314 00:44:27,447 Mohammed Bin Salman basically rounds up Mohammed Bin Salman basically rounds up
259 00:44:27,490 00:44:29,884 the most powerful people in Saudi Arabia, the most powerful people in Saudi Arabia,
260 00:44:29,928 00:44:32,539 puts them in the Ritz in Riyadh, puts them in the Ritz in Riyadh,
261 00:44:32,582 00:44:34,367 basically a five-star prison, basically a five-star prison,
262 00:44:34,410 00:44:37,283 and shakes them down for a lot of money, and shakes them down for a lot of money,
263 00:44:37,326 00:44:39,285 over a $100 billion. over a $100 billion.
264 00:44:39,328 00:44:41,896 Mohammed Bin Salman ordered the arrest Mohammed Bin Salman ordered the arrest
265 00:44:41,940 00:44:45,030 of powerful princes, ministers, and investors. of powerful princes, ministers, and investors.
266 00:44:45,073 00:44:48,686 Some are his rivals in the royal family. Some are his rivals in the royal family.
267 00:45:02,787 00:45:05,659 Is this also about sending a message that, Is this also about sending a message that,
268 00:45:05,703 00:45:09,010 as we say in America, there's a new sheriff in town? as we say in America, there's a new sheriff in town?
269 00:45:38,823 00:45:41,564 Jamal was starting to realize that Jamal was starting to realize that
270 00:45:41,608 00:45:44,698 there's little he can do for his country there's little he can do for his country
271 00:45:44,742 00:45:46,744 from his position other than to write. from his position other than to write.
272 00:45:52,706 00:45:54,882 Jamal Khashoggi was kind of a black box Jamal Khashoggi was kind of a black box
273 00:45:54,926 00:45:57,493 of the ruling elites in Saudi Arabia. of the ruling elites in Saudi Arabia.
274 00:46:11,072 00:46:14,423 It is easy to sit and say we need, It is easy to sit and say we need,
275 00:46:14,467 00:46:15,990 particularly in front of American audience, particularly in front of American audience,
276 00:46:16,034 00:46:17,383 we need more freedom, we need more-- we need more freedom, we need more--
277 00:46:17,426 00:46:18,601 these are golden things. these are golden things.
278 00:46:18,645 00:46:19,951 Everybody loves them. Everybody loves them.
279 00:46:19,994 00:46:21,039 --You have to be practical. --You have to be practical.
280 00:46:21,082 00:46:22,649 I'm not asking for democracy, I'm not asking for democracy,
281 00:46:22,692 00:46:25,217 I'm asking for people to be allowed to speak. I'm asking for people to be allowed to speak.
282 00:46:25,260 00:46:27,872 This is-- I'm asking for the minimum. This is-- I'm asking for the minimum.
283 00:55:59,878 00:56:02,228 In summer 2018, In summer 2018,
284 00:56:02,271 00:56:04,535 they were attacking him basically every single day, they were attacking him basically every single day,
285 00:56:04,578 00:56:07,364 threatening him, trying to silence him. threatening him, trying to silence him.
286 00:56:09,714 00:56:12,847 So Jamal felt the whole country was against him. So Jamal felt the whole country was against him.
287 00:56:14,545 00:56:16,111 And that was hurting him. And that was hurting him.
288 00:56:18,375 00:56:19,985 He said, "Sometimes, I feel a lot like He said, "Sometimes, I feel a lot like
289 00:56:20,028 00:56:21,813 "I don't wanna talk about anything. "I don't wanna talk about anything.
290 00:56:21,856 00:56:23,858 I don't wanna expose my opinions." I don't wanna expose my opinions."
291 00:56:24,816 00:56:26,426 I said, "No, no, no. I said, "No, no, no.
292 00:56:26,470 00:56:30,256 You're just a victim of what we call the Flies." You're just a victim of what we call the Flies."
293 00:56:34,826 00:56:37,829 The government hired thousands of people. The government hired thousands of people.
294 00:56:40,266 00:56:43,530 Every one of them using 10, 20 accounts. Every one of them using 10, 20 accounts.
295 00:56:51,495 00:56:54,498 The moment they think critic of the government has posted, The moment they think critic of the government has posted,
296 00:56:54,541 00:56:56,978 the flies swarmed, the flies swarmed,
297 00:56:57,022 00:57:00,025 attacking with hundreds of negative replies. attacking with hundreds of negative replies.
298 00:57:01,418 00:57:03,463 Within minutes, the tweet is covered Within minutes, the tweet is covered
299 00:57:03,507 00:57:06,466 in pro-government comments and hashtags, in pro-government comments and hashtags,
300 00:57:06,510 00:57:09,208 causing the person's voice to be lost. causing the person's voice to be lost.
301 00:57:11,645 00:57:14,474 Then each fly posts pro-government articles Then each fly posts pro-government articles
302 00:57:14,518 00:57:17,999 and hashtags, supporting MBS's vision. and hashtags, supporting MBS's vision.
303 00:57:19,827 00:57:24,397 And all of the fly can repost thousands of those tweets... And all of the fly can repost thousands of those tweets...
304 00:57:25,616 00:57:27,356 forcing the state's false narrative forcing the state's false narrative
305 00:57:27,400 00:57:29,663 to the top of trending inside the country. to the top of trending inside the country.
306 00:57:31,665 00:57:33,624 This is the whole Twitter monster This is the whole Twitter monster
307 00:57:33,667 00:57:36,757 that Saud al-Qahtani created that Saud al-Qahtani created
308 00:57:36,801 00:57:39,325 and you have the troll master himself on the top. and you have the troll master himself on the top.
309 00:58:10,965 00:58:14,360 I could get hundreds of volunteers from Saudi Arabia, I could get hundreds of volunteers from Saudi Arabia,
310 00:58:14,403 00:58:16,754 Kuwait, Yemen, other countries. Kuwait, Yemen, other countries.
311 00:58:18,364 00:58:20,888 Each armed with two, three phones, Each armed with two, three phones,
312 00:58:20,932 00:58:23,064 generating hundreds of accounts. generating hundreds of accounts.
313 00:58:24,762 00:58:26,546 But first we would have to make sure But first we would have to make sure
314 00:58:26,590 00:58:29,244 that they are protected. that they are protected.
315 00:58:29,288 00:58:31,420 Anyone tweeting inside Saudi Arabia Anyone tweeting inside Saudi Arabia
316 00:58:31,464 00:58:33,510 will be immediately identified will be immediately identified
317 00:58:33,553 00:58:36,904 since the government owns all this other networks. since the government owns all this other networks.
318 00:58:38,558 00:58:40,212 So to mask their identities, So to mask their identities,
319 00:58:40,255 00:58:42,606 we must give them American or Canadian safeguards. we must give them American or Canadian safeguards.
320 00:58:46,784 00:58:48,350 To battle The Flies, To battle The Flies,
321 00:58:48,394 00:58:51,092 we will call ourselves The Bees Army. we will call ourselves The Bees Army.
322 00:58:51,136 00:58:53,181 We would organize the volunteers We would organize the volunteers
323 00:58:53,225 00:58:55,227 into groups of 40 or 50 bees, into groups of 40 or 50 bees,
324 00:58:55,270 00:58:58,012 each reporting to a supervising lieutenant. each reporting to a supervising lieutenant.
325 00:58:59,927 00:59:02,060 Once I give the command, each lieutenant Once I give the command, each lieutenant
326 00:59:02,103 00:59:04,323 will tell their bee soldier a specific tweet will tell their bee soldier a specific tweet
327 00:59:04,366 00:59:05,890 or hashtag to protect. or hashtag to protect.
328 00:59:07,631 00:59:10,242 But we're not going to use the same method. But we're not going to use the same method.
329 00:59:19,817 00:59:21,383 Give them the freedom Give them the freedom
330 00:59:21,427 00:59:23,255 to say whatever they want. to say whatever they want.
331 00:59:26,214 00:59:28,303 The Flies will, of course, attack. The Flies will, of course, attack.
332 00:59:32,873 00:59:34,962 But if our numbers are stronger, But if our numbers are stronger,
333 00:59:35,006 00:59:37,922 we will be able to rise above the propaganda machine... we will be able to rise above the propaganda machine...
334 00:59:39,663 00:59:43,710 and finally install freedom of speech inside the Kingdom. and finally install freedom of speech inside the Kingdom.
335 00:59:46,234 00:59:48,497 Jamal was really happy of the idea. Jamal was really happy of the idea.
336 00:59:48,541 00:59:51,022 He said, "Brilliant, I really like it." He said, "Brilliant, I really like it."
337 01:03:36,073 01:03:39,728 Focusing all our efforts on one hashtag, Focusing all our efforts on one hashtag,
338 01:03:39,772 01:03:42,470 #wható_doóyouó_knowóabout ó_the óbees? #wható_doóyouó_knowóabout ó_the óbees?
339 01:04:29,866 01:04:31,302 So the moment he left, So the moment he left,
340 01:04:31,345 01:04:33,695 they called Saud al-Qahtani's office? they called Saud al-Qahtani's office?
341 01:04:57,502 01:05:00,070 And that was the turning point. And that was the turning point.
342 01:05:00,113 01:05:02,550 It started trending. It started trending.
343 01:05:42,025 01:05:45,376 Jamal was surprised, so then he started Jamal was surprised, so then he started
344 01:05:45,419 01:05:47,204 to tweet with us, he tweeted it. to tweet with us, he tweeted it.
345 01:05:51,469 01:05:53,514 And then we did it. And then we did it.
346 01:05:53,558 01:05:56,082 Number one trending in Saudi Arabia. Number one trending in Saudi Arabia.
347 01:06:03,655 01:06:05,962 And suddenly... And suddenly...
348 01:06:06,005 01:06:07,572 he's not answering. he's not answering.
349 01:06:11,968 01:06:13,970 He's just gone, disappeared. He's just gone, disappeared.
350 01:07:04,716 01:07:08,676 When I heard this, I was driving to my house. When I heard this, I was driving to my house.
351 01:07:08,720 01:07:11,766 My friends calling me continuously. My friends calling me continuously.
352 01:07:11,810 01:07:13,986 Come on, Jamal Khashoggi. Come on, Jamal Khashoggi.
353 01:07:14,030 01:07:15,553 It's news. It's news.
354 01:07:15,596 01:07:19,252 I called a couple of journalists based in Istanbul I called a couple of journalists based in Istanbul
355 01:07:19,296 01:07:23,126 like Reuters, Al Jazeera,Washington Post. like Reuters, Al Jazeera,Washington Post.
356 01:07:25,215 01:07:28,044 There's really not a playbook for this type of situation, There's really not a playbook for this type of situation,
357 01:07:28,087 01:07:30,263 but we did know that we needed to act quickly. but we did know that we needed to act quickly.
358 01:07:30,307 01:07:33,571 Within hours, we had a letter dispatched through the ambassador Within hours, we had a letter dispatched through the ambassador
359 01:07:33,614 01:07:38,010 and through the United States government to the Crown Prince. and through the United States government to the Crown Prince.
360 01:07:48,542 01:07:51,328 I'd ask to meet with the Saudi ambassador of the U.S. I'd ask to meet with the Saudi ambassador of the U.S.
361 01:07:51,371 01:07:53,286 who happens to be the brother of the Crown Prince. who happens to be the brother of the Crown Prince.
362 01:07:53,330 01:07:56,376 First response was that he was looking into the matter. First response was that he was looking into the matter.
363 01:08:40,812 01:08:44,946 First day, there was 10 or 12 journalists First day, there was 10 or 12 journalists
364 01:08:44,990 01:08:46,296 waiting outside. waiting outside.
365 01:08:46,339 01:08:48,254 The day after, hundreds. The day after, hundreds.
366 01:08:50,169 01:08:51,692 He entered this embassy... He entered this embassy...
367 01:08:51,736 01:08:55,000 Two days later, 200. Two days later, 200.
368 01:08:55,043 01:08:57,785 We demand his immediate release if alive. We demand his immediate release if alive.
369 01:09:52,840 01:09:54,364 I am concerned about it. I am concerned about it.
370 01:09:54,407 01:09:55,930 I don't like hearing about it. I don't like hearing about it.
371 01:09:55,974 01:09:58,890 And hopefully, that will sort itself out. And hopefully, that will sort itself out.
372 01:09:58,933 01:10:01,414 Right now, nobody knows anything about it, Right now, nobody knows anything about it,
373 01:10:01,458 01:10:03,895 but there's somepretty bad stories going around. but there's somepretty bad stories going around.
374 01:10:03,938 01:10:06,158 I do not like it. Thank you. I'll see you. I do not like it. Thank you. I'll see you.
375 01:10:06,202 01:10:08,029 I'll see you at 10:00. I'll see you at 10:00.
376 01:10:28,398 01:10:30,226 I will not let you down I will not let you down
377 01:10:30,269 01:10:34,230 and I will not stop defending you. and I will not stop defending you.
378 01:10:34,273 01:10:35,883 Always be well. Always be well.
379 01:11:14,226 01:11:16,489 To breaking news now, we are getting reports To breaking news now, we are getting reports
380 01:11:16,533 01:11:18,317 that Turkish authorities believe that that Turkish authorities believe that
381 01:11:18,361 01:11:19,536 prominent Saudi journalist prominent Saudi journalist
382 01:11:19,579 01:11:21,364 Jamal Khashoggi has been killed. Jamal Khashoggi has been killed.
383 01:11:21,407 01:11:23,191 -Jamal Khashoggi-- -Jamal Khashoggi-- -Jamal Khashoggi-- -Jamal Khashoggi--
384 01:11:25,846 01:11:27,544 We heard one lie after another We heard one lie after another
385 01:11:27,587 01:11:29,459 from the Saudi government. from the Saudi government.
386 01:11:29,502 01:11:31,591 Saudi Arabia has denied angrily Saudi Arabia has denied angrily
387 01:11:31,635 01:11:34,028 that it abducted, harmed, or killed Khashoggi. that it abducted, harmed, or killed Khashoggi.
388 01:11:34,072 01:11:36,030 Now suddenly, the country is admitting Now suddenly, the country is admitting
389 01:11:36,074 01:11:38,642 that Khashoggi did die inside that building. that Khashoggi did die inside that building.
390 01:11:38,685 01:11:42,341 We heard that he suffocated accidentally. We heard that he suffocated accidentally.
391 01:11:42,385 01:11:44,256 We heard that there was a drug administered We heard that there was a drug administered
392 01:11:44,300 01:11:45,866 that had an unintended effect. that had an unintended effect.
393 01:11:45,910 01:11:48,913 The government now says he died in a fist fight. The government now says he died in a fist fight.
394 01:12:05,886 01:12:09,455 A Saudi agent was captured on surveillance cameras A Saudi agent was captured on surveillance cameras
395 01:12:09,499 01:12:13,546 in Istanbul wearing Khashoggi's clothes. in Istanbul wearing Khashoggi's clothes.
396 01:12:50,888 01:12:53,020 The Washington Post has just posted The Washington Post has just posted
397 01:12:53,064 01:12:55,893 the last piece Jamal Khashoggi wrote, the last piece Jamal Khashoggi wrote,
398 01:12:55,936 01:12:57,895 filed shortly before he was seen filed shortly before he was seen
399 01:12:57,938 01:13:01,507 entering that Saudi consulate in Turkey. entering that Saudi consulate in Turkey.
400 01:13:01,551 01:13:04,380 Tonight, there are still many unanswered questions Tonight, there are still many unanswered questions
401 01:13:04,423 01:13:05,729 in his disappearance. in his disappearance.
402 01:13:05,772 01:13:07,905 Earlier today, Turkish investigators Earlier today, Turkish investigators
403 01:13:07,948 01:13:09,602 search the residence of... search the residence of...
404 01:13:40,981 01:13:42,505 This one. This one.
405 01:17:44,050 01:17:47,010 The court has issued arrest warrants The court has issued arrest warrants
406 01:17:47,053 01:17:48,838 for two additional suspects for two additional suspects
407 01:17:48,881 01:17:50,927 in the killing of Jamal Khashoggi. in the killing of Jamal Khashoggi.
408 01:17:50,970 01:17:54,757 Ahmed al-Asiri was the country's Deputy Intelligence Chief Ahmed al-Asiri was the country's Deputy Intelligence Chief
409 01:17:54,800 01:17:58,630 and high-ranking adviser to the Crown Prince. and high-ranking adviser to the Crown Prince.
410 01:17:58,674 01:18:01,851 Saud al-Qahtani was a Royal Court Adviser Saud al-Qahtani was a Royal Court Adviser
411 01:18:01,894 01:18:04,810 and key counselor to Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. and key counselor to Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.
412 01:18:39,366 01:18:41,412 The chief prosecutor who's been holding The chief prosecutor who's been holding
413 01:18:41,455 01:18:44,763 a joint investigation with his Saudi counterpart this week a joint investigation with his Saudi counterpart this week
414 01:18:44,807 01:18:47,200 issued a statement following their talks. issued a statement following their talks.
415 01:18:47,244 01:18:50,638 He says discussions yielded no concrete results, He says discussions yielded no concrete results,
416 01:18:50,682 01:18:55,643 despite Turkey's intentions to reveal the truth. despite Turkey's intentions to reveal the truth.
417 01:19:06,480 01:19:08,918 Sir, can you say anything from the investigation? Sir, can you say anything from the investigation?
418 01:19:08,961 01:19:10,963 Where is Khashoggi's body? Where is Khashoggi's body?
419 01:19:54,790 01:19:56,661 My name is John Scott-Railton. My name is John Scott-Railton.
420 01:19:56,704 01:19:59,795 I'm a senior researcher at a place called The Citizen Lab. I'm a senior researcher at a place called The Citizen Lab.
421 01:20:02,885 01:20:06,976 It's this group of researchers and investigators It's this group of researchers and investigators
422 01:20:07,019 01:20:08,629 that try to understand that try to understand
423 01:20:08,673 01:20:09,805 the digital things the digital things
424 01:20:09,848 01:20:12,068 that are targeting civil society, that are targeting civil society,
425 01:20:12,111 01:20:16,028 so journalists, activists, everybody really, so journalists, activists, everybody really,
426 01:20:16,072 01:20:19,902 who's part of what constitutes a flourishing democracy. who's part of what constitutes a flourishing democracy.
427 01:20:23,079 01:20:26,299 It's almost a miracle that we found Omar. It's almost a miracle that we found Omar.
428 01:20:26,343 01:20:27,953 It's a miracle that he survived this long. It's a miracle that he survived this long.
429 01:20:30,521 01:20:34,394 There's sort of a growing global market for spyware. There's sort of a growing global market for spyware.
430 01:20:34,438 01:20:37,484 Governments want to listen to encrypted phone calls. Governments want to listen to encrypted phone calls.
431 01:20:37,528 01:20:39,095 They wanna read your WhatsApp chats, They wanna read your WhatsApp chats,
432 01:20:39,138 01:20:41,575 your Signal chats, and they can't do it your Signal chats, and they can't do it
433 01:20:41,619 01:20:43,490 as that chat goes across their network. as that chat goes across their network.
434 01:20:43,534 01:20:46,058 So, their solution to this is, let's hack the phone. So, their solution to this is, let's hack the phone.
435 01:20:46,102 01:20:48,713 Was the CIA aware Was the CIA aware
436 01:20:48,756 01:20:51,672 that the Saudis had purchased spyware from Israel? that the Saudis had purchased spyware from Israel?
437 01:20:51,716 01:20:53,544 I'm not going to confirm or deny. I'm not going to confirm or deny.
438 01:20:53,587 01:20:55,981 That's either-- We're aware of certain things. That's either-- We're aware of certain things.
439 01:20:56,025 01:20:58,984 All's I will say is that the Saudi services All's I will say is that the Saudi services
440 01:20:59,028 01:21:01,944 are able to have insight into what their citizens are able to have insight into what their citizens
441 01:21:01,987 01:21:05,425 or what even non-Saudi citizens were doing or what even non-Saudi citizens were doing
442 01:21:05,469 01:21:06,862 inside the Kingdom and outside. inside the Kingdom and outside.
443 01:21:08,646 01:21:10,387 Saudi Arabia is definitely Saudi Arabia is definitely
444 01:21:10,430 01:21:12,955 a major player in the space. a major player in the space.
445 01:21:12,998 01:21:16,567 Throughout my entire career, I focused on the top four-- Throughout my entire career, I focused on the top four--
446 01:21:16,610 01:21:19,875 Russia, China, Iran, North Korea. Russia, China, Iran, North Korea.
447 01:21:19,918 01:21:21,833 And I think it's safe to say that Saudi Arabia And I think it's safe to say that Saudi Arabia
448 01:21:21,877 01:21:24,618 has comparable skills and abilities has comparable skills and abilities
449 01:21:24,662 01:21:27,752 to conduct cyber operations. to conduct cyber operations.
450 01:21:27,795 01:21:29,536 I think it's important for people to understand I think it's important for people to understand
451 01:21:29,580 01:21:32,496 how easy it is to access these tools. how easy it is to access these tools.
452 01:21:38,371 01:21:42,071 Thanks to an Israeli company called NSO, Thanks to an Israeli company called NSO,
453 01:21:42,114 01:21:45,639 the Saudis have the best hacking technology the Saudis have the best hacking technology
454 01:21:45,683 01:21:47,119 that money can buy. that money can buy.
455 01:21:48,686 01:21:50,688 Pegasus Version Two. Pegasus Version Two.
456 01:21:54,648 01:21:57,521 Pegasus is a piece of software, Pegasus is a piece of software,
457 01:21:57,564 01:21:59,871 but it's also a capability, but it's also a capability,
458 01:21:59,915 01:22:02,656 it's the capability to infect a phone it's the capability to infect a phone
459 01:22:02,700 01:22:05,007 and turn it into a digital spy and turn it into a digital spy
460 01:22:05,050 01:22:07,357 in the pocket of the victim-- in the pocket of the victim--
461 01:22:07,400 01:22:10,969 siphoning off private and encrypted chats, siphoning off private and encrypted chats,
462 01:22:11,013 01:22:12,840 photographs, messages, photographs, messages,
463 01:22:12,884 01:22:15,452 even enabling the microphone and the camera, even enabling the microphone and the camera,
464 01:22:15,495 01:22:18,150 turn that phone into a bug in a room. turn that phone into a bug in a room.
465 01:22:19,891 01:22:21,849 They sent a malicious link. They sent a malicious link.
466 01:22:21,893 01:22:24,026 The link looks legit, you know, it looks like, for example, The link looks legit, you know, it looks like, for example,
467 01:22:24,069 01:22:26,028 you know, boarding pass, you know, boarding pass,
468 01:22:26,071 01:22:29,770 you click on it and it actually goes where it's supposed to go, you click on it and it actually goes where it's supposed to go,
469 01:22:29,814 01:22:31,598 but in between, it's downloading something but in between, it's downloading something
470 01:22:31,642 01:22:33,731 into your device. into your device.
471 01:22:33,774 01:22:36,560 Once it compromises mobile devices, Once it compromises mobile devices,
472 01:22:36,603 01:22:38,431 the end user of the Pegasus tool the end user of the Pegasus tool
473 01:22:38,475 01:22:41,391 has unfettered access to that device. has unfettered access to that device.
474 01:22:44,046 01:22:47,963 Think of your phone today, the people you talk to, Think of your phone today, the people you talk to,
475 01:22:48,006 01:22:50,748 the photos you take, the places you go, the photos you take, the places you go,
476 01:22:50,791 01:22:53,577 the things that you say around and into your phone, right? the things that you say around and into your phone, right?
477 01:22:53,620 01:22:56,797 This is a huge slice of your life. This is a huge slice of your life.
478 01:22:56,841 01:22:59,800 And that stuff is tremendously valuable And that stuff is tremendously valuable
479 01:22:59,844 01:23:01,933 to somebody who wants to monitor you, to somebody who wants to monitor you,
480 01:23:01,977 01:23:03,195 who wants to figure out what you're doing who wants to figure out what you're doing
481 01:23:03,239 01:23:04,631 and maybe who wants to subvert and maybe who wants to subvert
482 01:23:04,675 01:23:07,286 your political activity. your political activity.
483 01:23:07,330 01:23:11,421 Once Pegasus takes control of a phone, it's game over. Once Pegasus takes control of a phone, it's game over.
484 01:23:30,048 01:23:32,703 To share information, an infected device To share information, an infected device
485 01:23:32,746 01:23:36,576 is gonna be talking to the servers that control it. is gonna be talking to the servers that control it.
486 01:23:36,620 01:23:39,492 It has to phone home. It has to phone home.
487 01:23:39,536 01:23:42,104 And so we had developed a technique And so we had developed a technique
488 01:23:42,147 01:23:46,630 to see what networks might have infected devices. to see what networks might have infected devices.
489 01:23:47,979 01:23:49,285 So, what we found in Montreal So, what we found in Montreal
490 01:23:49,328 01:23:50,895 in December 2018 in December 2018
491 01:23:50,938 01:23:53,289 is that there appeared to be a device is that there appeared to be a device
492 01:23:53,332 01:23:55,465 in the University Network phoning home in the University Network phoning home
493 01:23:55,508 01:23:57,771 to a cluster of servers that belonged to a cluster of servers that belonged
494 01:23:57,815 01:24:00,339 to Saudi Arabia's Pegasus deployment. to Saudi Arabia's Pegasus deployment.
495 01:24:34,069 01:24:36,897 So, we go to Montreal, we sit with Omar So, we go to Montreal, we sit with Omar
496 01:24:36,941 01:24:41,032 and actually find the message on Omar's phone and actually find the message on Omar's phone
497 01:24:41,076 01:24:43,426 that we believe led to that infection. that we believe led to that infection.
498 01:24:43,469 01:24:46,646 It looks like a DHL shipping tracking notification. It looks like a DHL shipping tracking notification.
499 01:24:46,690 01:24:48,561 Only it isn't. Only it isn't.
500 01:28:58,245 01:29:01,597 Are you being allowed in? Are the Saudis allowing you in? Are you being allowed in? Are the Saudis allowing you in?
501 01:29:18,527 01:29:21,138 Some of the tape recordings we've heard Some of the tape recordings we've heard
502 01:29:21,181 01:29:22,835 preceded the killing. preceded the killing.
503 01:29:41,071 01:29:42,768 "Joints will be separated. "Joints will be separated.
504 01:29:42,812 01:29:44,640 "It's not a problem. "It's not a problem.
505 01:30:56,973 01:30:59,497 The conversation turns to, The conversation turns to,
506 01:30:59,541 01:31:02,457 "Will you come back to Saudi Arabia?" "Will you come back to Saudi Arabia?"
507 01:31:40,320 01:31:44,455 The fear is escalating in his voice. The fear is escalating in his voice.
508 01:31:54,596 01:31:56,685 Then we hear a struggle. Then we hear a struggle.
509 01:32:34,723 01:32:36,812 You can hear the other people You can hear the other people
510 01:33:05,405 01:33:10,193 The most difficult part of those recordings The most difficult part of those recordings
511 01:33:44,706 01:33:48,231 I was thinking, when he entered his consulate... I was thinking, when he entered his consulate...
512 01:35:14,099 01:35:16,754 The king firmly denied any knowledge of it. The king firmly denied any knowledge of it.
513 01:35:16,798 01:35:18,669 I don't wanna get into his mind. I don't wanna get into his mind.
514 01:35:18,713 01:35:20,540 But it sounded to me like But it sounded to me like
515 01:35:20,584 01:35:24,283 maybe these could have been rogue killers. Who knows? maybe these could have been rogue killers. Who knows?
516 01:35:27,243 01:35:29,462 World leaders are gathering in Saudi Arabia World leaders are gathering in Saudi Arabia
517 01:35:29,506 01:35:32,683 for a summit commonly known as "Davos in the desert." for a summit commonly known as "Davos in the desert."
518 01:35:32,727 01:35:34,772 A couple weeks after the murder, A couple weeks after the murder,
519 01:35:34,816 01:35:37,732 there was a big, important conference for Saudi Arabia. there was a big, important conference for Saudi Arabia.
520 01:35:37,775 01:35:41,605 Davos in the desert is supposed to promote Saudi Crown Prince, Davos in the desert is supposed to promote Saudi Crown Prince,
521 01:35:41,648 01:35:45,217 Mohammed bin Salman's reform vision for the Kingdom. Mohammed bin Salman's reform vision for the Kingdom.
522 01:35:45,261 01:35:48,525 Davos in the desert is the make or break part of Vision 2030. Davos in the desert is the make or break part of Vision 2030.
523 01:35:50,135 01:35:53,748 But it ended up being a fiasco for MBS. But it ended up being a fiasco for MBS.
524 01:35:59,492 01:36:03,496 The Jamal story The Jamal story
525 01:36:03,540 01:36:05,542 galvanized public attention galvanized public attention
526 01:36:05,585 01:36:08,153 in the United States, around the world. in the United States, around the world.
527 01:36:11,766 01:36:16,205 It may destroy MBS' hopes for modernizing the Kingdom It may destroy MBS' hopes for modernizing the Kingdom
528 01:36:16,248 01:36:18,163 because he needs investors, because he needs investors,
529 01:36:18,207 01:36:20,470 he needs people who invest in the Kingdom. he needs people who invest in the Kingdom.
530 01:36:20,513 01:36:23,560 And right now, he has become toxic. And right now, he has become toxic.
531 01:36:25,605 01:36:27,607 As pressure on Saudi mounts, As pressure on Saudi mounts,
532 01:36:27,651 01:36:30,785 several U.S. media organizationsand business leaders several U.S. media organizationsand business leaders
533 01:36:30,828 01:36:34,745 have pulled out of a major investment conference in Riyadh. have pulled out of a major investment conference in Riyadh.
534 01:36:34,789 01:36:36,312 The conference happens, The conference happens,
535 01:36:36,355 01:36:39,054 all those important guests eventually don't go. all those important guests eventually don't go.
536 01:36:39,097 01:36:43,623 Jeff Bezos was supposed to be a secret guest. Jeff Bezos was supposed to be a secret guest.
537 01:36:43,667 01:36:47,453 Bezos is someone with a direct relationship with MBS. Bezos is someone with a direct relationship with MBS.
538 01:36:47,497 01:36:50,543 They messaged each other. They messaged each other.
539 01:36:50,587 01:36:52,328 They talked about business. They talked about, you know, They talked about business. They talked about, you know,
540 01:36:52,371 01:36:55,374 all the great things they're gonna do together. all the great things they're gonna do together.
541 01:36:55,418 01:36:56,767 And he was supposed to declare And he was supposed to declare
542 01:36:56,811 01:37:00,727 this enormous deal at this conference. this enormous deal at this conference.
543 01:37:00,771 01:37:02,164 But after the murder, But after the murder,
544 01:37:02,207 01:37:06,168 Bezos just stopped all contact with MBS. Bezos just stopped all contact with MBS.
545 01:37:06,211 01:37:07,734 Bezos owns The Washington Post, Bezos owns The Washington Post,
546 01:37:07,778 01:37:10,563 which means that Jamal worked for him. which means that Jamal worked for him.
547 01:37:10,607 01:37:15,090 It seemed that MBS expected Bezos to say, "You know what? It seemed that MBS expected Bezos to say, "You know what?
548 01:37:15,133 01:37:16,656 "I control this newspaper "I control this newspaper
549 01:37:16,700 01:37:18,310 and I can curb them. I can tell them, and I can curb them. I can tell them,
550 01:37:18,354 01:37:20,225 you know, don't make a big deal about this." you know, don't make a big deal about this."
551 01:37:20,269 01:37:23,315 But when push came to shove, Bezos did not interfere But when push came to shove, Bezos did not interfere
552 01:37:23,359 01:37:26,710 whenThe Washington Post started a whole campaign. whenThe Washington Post started a whole campaign.
553 01:37:26,753 01:37:28,625 "Justice for Jamal". "Justice for Jamal".
554 01:37:30,061 01:37:32,759 MBS saw that as betrayal. MBS saw that as betrayal.
555 01:37:34,152 01:37:36,676 After Davos in the desert, After Davos in the desert,
556 01:37:36,720 01:37:38,069 we have evidence we have evidence
557 01:37:38,113 01:37:39,941 that Jeff Bezos' phone that Jeff Bezos' phone
558 01:37:39,984 01:37:43,945 had been infected with malware. had been infected with malware.
559 01:37:43,988 01:37:47,600 And the way in which that technology was delivered And the way in which that technology was delivered
560 01:37:47,644 01:37:49,341 to his phone was through a text to his phone was through a text
561 01:37:49,385 01:37:52,649 from the Crown Prince himself. from the Crown Prince himself.
562 01:37:54,303 01:37:56,696 I am the United Nations Special Rapporteur I am the United Nations Special Rapporteur
563 01:37:56,740 01:37:59,351 on Freedom of Opinion and Expression. on Freedom of Opinion and Expression.
564 01:37:59,395 01:38:03,268 The work that I've been doing over the last 18 months or so The work that I've been doing over the last 18 months or so
565 01:38:03,312 01:38:05,618 is on the private surveillance industry. is on the private surveillance industry.
566 01:38:10,797 01:38:13,757 A video was sent in 2018 A video was sent in 2018
567 01:38:13,800 01:38:15,759 from MBS' WhatsApp account from MBS' WhatsApp account
568 01:38:15,802 01:38:17,543 to Jeff Bezos' phone. to Jeff Bezos' phone.
569 01:38:18,893 01:38:21,721 Then we see this massive increase Then we see this massive increase
570 01:38:21,765 01:38:25,334 in data leaving the phone. in data leaving the phone.
571 01:38:25,377 01:38:27,031 It was only after It was only after
572 01:38:27,075 01:38:28,946 the killing of Jamal Khashoggi the killing of Jamal Khashoggi
573 01:38:28,990 01:38:31,775 thatThe Washington Post was an important target thatThe Washington Post was an important target
574 01:38:31,818 01:38:34,169 for Saudi Arabia. for Saudi Arabia.
575 01:38:34,212 01:38:38,303 This was exactly the moment whenThe National Enquirer This was exactly the moment whenThe National Enquirer
576 01:38:38,347 01:38:40,523 was saying to Bezos, was saying to Bezos,
577 01:38:40,566 01:38:44,440 "We have evidence connecting you to an affair." "We have evidence connecting you to an affair."
578 01:38:45,745 01:38:49,271 So Bezos' security team is learning So Bezos' security team is learning
579 01:38:49,314 01:38:51,403 that his phone may have been compromised. that his phone may have been compromised.
580 01:38:51,447 01:38:53,057 But at the same time, But at the same time,
581 01:38:53,101 01:38:56,017 Bezos is getting WhatsApp messages Bezos is getting WhatsApp messages
582 01:38:56,060 01:38:57,932 from MBS that are strange. from MBS that are strange.
583 01:38:59,716 01:39:01,761 Essentially, "Whatever you're hearing Essentially, "Whatever you're hearing
584 01:39:01,805 01:39:05,461 about Saudi involvement in this is not true." about Saudi involvement in this is not true."
585 01:39:05,504 01:39:08,420 In order to send those kinds of text messages, In order to send those kinds of text messages,
586 01:39:08,464 01:39:09,944 MBS has to know MBS has to know
587 01:39:09,987 01:39:13,164 what Bezos is learning about Saudi involvement. what Bezos is learning about Saudi involvement.
588 01:39:14,949 01:39:16,515 And then what we see is that And then what we see is that
589 01:39:16,559 01:39:19,475 there's this massive Saudi online campaign, there's this massive Saudi online campaign,
590 01:39:19,518 01:39:20,737 a Twitter campaign, a Twitter campaign,
591 01:39:20,780 01:39:22,652 against Jeff Bezos. against Jeff Bezos.
592 01:39:24,219 01:39:25,698 The intention was to humiliate The intention was to humiliate
593 01:39:25,742 01:39:28,005 and to punish Bezos. and to punish Bezos.
594 01:39:28,049 01:39:31,878 It was exactly the same thing that they did to Jamal. It was exactly the same thing that they did to Jamal.
595 01:39:34,577 01:39:37,362 That mere fact that MBS has the reach That mere fact that MBS has the reach
596 01:39:37,406 01:39:41,584 to conduct surveillance on the richest man in the world to conduct surveillance on the richest man in the world
597 01:39:41,627 01:39:44,021 is not only striking, but it's scary. is not only striking, but it's scary.
598 01:39:46,893 01:39:49,809 Earlier today, CIA Director, Gina Haspel briefed Earlier today, CIA Director, Gina Haspel briefed
599 01:39:49,853 01:39:52,638 a select group of high ranking senators on the killing a select group of high ranking senators on the killing
600 01:39:52,682 01:39:55,467 ofWashington Post columnist, Jamal Khashoggi. ofWashington Post columnist, Jamal Khashoggi.
601 01:39:55,511 01:39:58,514 The CIA Director, Gina Haspel met with the Turks The CIA Director, Gina Haspel met with the Turks
602 01:39:58,557 01:40:02,083 and said, "Show me the audio. Let me hear it." and said, "Show me the audio. Let me hear it."
603 01:40:03,649 01:40:06,435 The CIA Director's job is to present the information The CIA Director's job is to present the information
604 01:40:06,478 01:40:10,091 to a policymaker so they can make a decision on how to act. to a policymaker so they can make a decision on how to act.
605 01:40:10,134 01:40:11,918 This assessment was different. This assessment was different.
606 01:40:11,962 01:40:15,183 If the Crown Prince went in front of a jury, If the Crown Prince went in front of a jury,
607 01:40:15,226 01:40:17,576 he would be convicted in 30 minutes. he would be convicted in 30 minutes.
608 01:40:17,620 01:40:19,404 Yes. Yes.
609 01:40:19,448 01:40:22,103 They're buying hundreds of billions of dollars' worth They're buying hundreds of billions of dollars' worth
610 01:40:22,146 01:40:23,843 of things from this country. of things from this country.
611 01:40:23,887 01:40:26,542 I'm not gonna destroy the economy for our country I'm not gonna destroy the economy for our country
612 01:40:26,585 01:40:29,066 by being foolish with Saudi Arabia, so... by being foolish with Saudi Arabia, so...
613 01:40:29,110 01:40:31,851 There's not a smoking gun, there's a smoking saw. There's not a smoking gun, there's a smoking saw.
614 01:40:31,895 01:40:33,462 You have to be willfully blind You have to be willfully blind
615 01:40:33,505 01:40:36,856 not to come to the conclusionthat this was orchestrated not to come to the conclusionthat this was orchestrated
616 01:40:36,900 01:40:42,079 and organized by people in-- under the command of MBS. and organized by people in-- under the command of MBS.
617 01:40:42,123 01:40:43,472 Did MBS lie to you, sir? Did MBS lie to you, sir?
618 01:40:43,515 01:40:45,561 He told me thathe had nothing to do with it. He told me thathe had nothing to do with it.
619 01:40:45,604 01:40:48,085 -But what if he's lying?-As recently as a few days ago. -But what if he's lying?-As recently as a few days ago.
620 01:40:48,129 01:40:50,740 Did you just live with it because you need him? Did you just live with it because you need him?
621 01:40:50,783 01:40:52,959 Well, will anybody really know, all right? Well, will anybody really know, all right?
622 01:40:53,003 01:40:54,352 Will anybody really know? Will anybody really know?
623 01:40:54,396 01:40:55,832 I have not seen, I have not seen,
624 01:40:55,875 01:40:58,182 in 20 years covering intelligence, in 20 years covering intelligence,
625 01:40:58,226 01:41:02,186 the conclusion from the CIA that is this confident the conclusion from the CIA that is this confident
626 01:41:02,230 01:41:05,276 about the role of one person in an act. about the role of one person in an act.
627 01:41:05,320 01:41:07,496 Everybody but the President agrees Everybody but the President agrees
628 01:41:07,539 01:41:09,063 that Mohammed bin Salman ordered that Mohammed bin Salman ordered
629 01:41:09,106 01:41:11,021 Jamal Khashoggi's assassination. Jamal Khashoggi's assassination.
630 01:42:39,892 01:42:42,808 Nine, eight, seven... Nine, eight, seven...
631 01:43:06,136 01:43:08,182 The first day they broadcast, The first day they broadcast,
632 01:43:08,225 01:43:12,447 Jamal invites Shiite dissidents on the air, Jamal invites Shiite dissidents on the air,
633 01:43:12,490 01:43:16,277 who were the people who the Bahrainian authorities most feared. who were the people who the Bahrainian authorities most feared.
634 01:45:16,397 01:45:17,702 Are we so blind Are we so blind
635 01:45:17,746 01:45:20,052 to the malign influence of Saudi Arabia to the malign influence of Saudi Arabia
636 01:45:20,096 01:45:21,924 that we just give money and weapons that we just give money and weapons
637 01:45:21,967 01:45:24,840 to anybody regardless of what they do? to anybody regardless of what they do?
638 01:45:24,883 01:45:28,365 You can cut a dissident into pieces with a bone saw You can cut a dissident into pieces with a bone saw
639 01:45:28,409 01:45:30,498 and we'll still give you weapons? and we'll still give you weapons?
640 01:47:25,874 01:47:27,092 Thank you. Thank you.
641 01:47:27,136 01:47:29,530 I now give the floor to Saudi Arabia. I now give the floor to Saudi Arabia.
642 01:47:32,097 01:47:33,359 Thank you. Thank you.
643 01:47:33,403 01:47:35,361 Accusations have been launched Accusations have been launched
644 01:47:35,405 01:47:38,147 and fingers have been pointed, and fingers have been pointed,
645 01:47:38,190 01:47:42,760 we reject any attempt to remove this we reject any attempt to remove this
646 01:47:42,804 01:47:45,459 from our national justice system in Saudi Arabia from our national justice system in Saudi Arabia
647 01:47:45,502 01:47:47,330 in respect to the form that that may take. in respect to the form that that may take.
648 01:47:47,373 01:47:48,810 Many thanks. Many thanks.
649 01:48:11,833 01:48:14,575 Did you order the murder of Jamal Khashoggi? Did you order the murder of Jamal Khashoggi?
650 01:48:15,924 01:48:17,839 Absolutely not. Absolutely not.
651 01:48:17,882 01:48:19,623 Some think that I should know Some think that I should know
652 01:48:19,667 01:48:21,146 what three million people working what three million people working
653 01:48:21,190 01:48:23,714 for the Saudi government do daily? for the Saudi government do daily?
654 01:48:23,758 01:48:25,455 Absolutely not. Absolutely not.
655 01:48:29,415 01:48:32,331 My name is Hatice Cengiz. My name is Hatice Cengiz.
656 01:48:32,375 01:48:34,943 I'm addressing you as a victim, I'm addressing you as a victim,
657 01:48:34,986 01:48:39,730 a title forced on me after the brutal murder of my Jamal. a title forced on me after the brutal murder of my Jamal.
658 01:48:42,211 01:48:47,216 Jamal and I would have been husband and wife by now. Jamal and I would have been husband and wife by now.
659 01:48:51,437 01:48:55,964 The failure to punish Jamal's murderers affects us all. The failure to punish Jamal's murderers affects us all.
660 01:48:57,618 01:49:02,231 But also democracy, human rights, and freedom. But also democracy, human rights, and freedom.
661 01:49:04,494 01:49:09,238 Mr. Chair, the truth always wins. Mr. Chair, the truth always wins.
662 01:49:09,281 01:49:11,588 History will take note. History will take note.
663 01:49:11,632 01:49:14,678 Please take action. Thank you. Please take action. Thank you.
664 01:52:16,251 01:52:19,036 Hatice, you paced that street Hatice, you paced that street
665 01:52:19,080 01:52:21,822 and waiting for hours. and waiting for hours.
666 01:52:21,865 01:52:26,391 No one should ever have to endure what you did. No one should ever have to endure what you did.
667 01:52:26,435 01:52:28,350 We are here We are here
668 01:52:28,393 01:52:30,004 and you are not alone. and you are not alone.