This tool is beta test, If You got some problem please contact us
# | Start | End | Original | Translated |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 00:00:00,754 | 00:00:03,072 | (dramatic music) | (dramatic music) |
2 | 00:00:03,081 | 00:00:06,119 | Mastrelli: Hidden in a cave for almost 2,000 years, | Mastrelli: Hidden in a cave for almost 2,000 years, |
3 | 00:00:06,914 | 00:00:08,919 | A copper scroll, | A copper scroll, |
4 | 00:00:08,994 | 00:00:11,519 | A treasure map from the time of jesus. | A treasure map from the time of jesus. |
5 | 00:00:12,521 | 00:00:15,639 | Could these brittle fragments of corroded metal | Could these brittle fragments of corroded metal |
6 | 00:00:15,714 | 00:00:20,352 | Hold the clues to finding ancient buried gold and silver | Hold the clues to finding ancient buried gold and silver |
7 | 00:00:20,361 | 00:00:23,039 | That today would be worth millions of dollars? | That today would be worth millions of dollars? |
8 | 00:00:25,874 | 00:00:28,759 | But who wrote the mystifying text? | But who wrote the mystifying text? |
9 | 00:00:28,834 | 00:00:31,399 | Is the scroll genuine? | Is the scroll genuine? |
10 | 00:00:31,474 | 00:00:35,712 | If it is, where did these vast treasures come from | If it is, where did these vast treasures come from |
11 | 00:00:35,721 | 00:00:37,279 | And why were they buried? | And why were they buried? |
12 | 00:00:38,594 | 00:00:43,559 | And most intriguingly of all, could they still be out there? | And most intriguingly of all, could they still be out there? |
13 | 00:00:47,161 | 00:00:51,152 | For centuries, the mysteries of the past | For centuries, the mysteries of the past |
14 | 00:00:51,161 | 00:00:54,119 | Have kept their secrets. | Have kept their secrets. |
15 | 00:00:54,194 | 00:00:57,872 | But there are clues: Cast in gold; | But there are clues: Cast in gold; |
16 | 00:00:57,881 | 00:00:59,519 | Etched in stone; | Etched in stone; |
17 | 00:01:00,601 | 00:01:01,999 | Written in blood. | Written in blood. |
18 | 00:01:05,641 | 00:01:07,639 | We can unlock them. | We can unlock them. |
19 | 00:01:26,921 | 00:01:28,439 | Okay. | Okay. |
20 | 00:01:28,514 | 00:01:30,919 | So, metal engraving isn't my strong suit. | So, metal engraving isn't my strong suit. |
21 | 00:01:30,994 | 00:01:32,679 | But there is a point to this. | But there is a point to this. |
22 | 00:01:32,754 | 00:01:35,159 | This is a copper scroll. | This is a copper scroll. |
23 | 00:01:35,234 | 00:01:39,152 | And this, with a little luck, is the first character | And this, with a little luck, is the first character |
24 | 00:01:39,161 | 00:01:42,912 | In the hebrew word for gold, "zahab". | In the hebrew word for gold, "zahab". |
25 | 00:01:42,921 | 00:01:45,399 | And, yep, I'm starting all the way over to the right | And, yep, I'm starting all the way over to the right |
26 | 00:01:45,474 | 00:01:49,152 | Because, in hebrew, we read and write from right to left. | Because, in hebrew, we read and write from right to left. |
27 | 00:01:49,161 | 00:01:51,712 | So, why the lesson in 2,000-year old hebrew? | So, why the lesson in 2,000-year old hebrew? |
28 | 00:01:51,721 | 00:01:53,872 | And why the replica copper scroll? | And why the replica copper scroll? |
29 | 00:01:53,881 | 00:01:56,439 | Because this is the story of one of the most | Because this is the story of one of the most |
30 | 00:01:56,514 | 00:01:58,912 | Extraordinary documents ever found, | Extraordinary documents ever found, |
31 | 00:01:58,921 | 00:02:01,792 | A document whose author wanted it to last. | A document whose author wanted it to last. |
32 | 00:02:01,801 | 00:02:04,599 | Think about it like this: About 2,000 years ago, | Think about it like this: About 2,000 years ago, |
33 | 00:02:04,674 | 00:02:07,392 | Someone feared their world was about to go up in flames | Someone feared their world was about to go up in flames |
34 | 00:02:07,401 | 00:02:10,799 | And wanted the words on this scroll to survive. | And wanted the words on this scroll to survive. |
35 | 00:02:14,761 | 00:02:19,759 | Jerusalem, home to the israel museum's shrine of the book. | Jerusalem, home to the israel museum's shrine of the book. |
36 | 00:02:22,034 | 00:02:23,479 | An extraordinary collection | An extraordinary collection |
37 | 00:02:23,554 | 00:02:26,559 | Of nearly 1,000 ancient manuscripts. | Of nearly 1,000 ancient manuscripts. |
38 | 00:02:28,754 | 00:02:32,192 | First discovered in 1947 by a tribe of bedouins | First discovered in 1947 by a tribe of bedouins |
39 | 00:02:32,201 | 00:02:35,319 | Exploring caves overlooking the dead sea. | Exploring caves overlooking the dead sea. |
40 | 00:02:36,921 | 00:02:40,799 | These are the oldest biblical texts ever found. | These are the oldest biblical texts ever found. |
41 | 00:02:42,361 | 00:02:45,639 | We now know them as the dead sea scrolls. | We now know them as the dead sea scrolls. |
42 | 00:02:47,241 | 00:02:51,159 | (speaking in foreign language) | (speaking in foreign language) |
43 | 00:02:54,121 | 00:02:57,079 | Archaeologist danny herman has been studying the scrolls | Archaeologist danny herman has been studying the scrolls |
44 | 00:02:57,154 | 00:02:58,759 | For nearly two decades. | For nearly two decades. |
45 | 00:03:03,081 | 00:03:04,679 | Herman: The dead sea scrolls are by far | Herman: The dead sea scrolls are by far |
46 | 00:03:04,754 | 00:03:09,399 | The most important discovery ever made in this land. | The most important discovery ever made in this land. |
47 | 00:03:09,474 | 00:03:12,199 | These are the oldest copies | These are the oldest copies |
48 | 00:03:12,274 | 00:03:13,919 | Of the old testament that we have. | Of the old testament that we have. |
49 | 00:03:14,994 | 00:03:16,599 | They were written somewhere between | They were written somewhere between |
50 | 00:03:16,674 | 00:03:19,879 | The second century b.C. And the first century c.E. | The second century b.C. And the first century c.E. |
51 | 00:03:20,841 | 00:03:23,959 | Mastrelli: The dead sea scrolls predate every other manuscript | Mastrelli: The dead sea scrolls predate every other manuscript |
52 | 00:03:24,034 | 00:03:27,359 | Of the hebrew bible by a thousand years. | Of the hebrew bible by a thousand years. |
53 | 00:03:29,801 | 00:03:31,952 | They provide us with a unique insight | They provide us with a unique insight |
54 | 00:03:31,961 | 00:03:36,199 | Into a way of life before and during the time of jesus. | Into a way of life before and during the time of jesus. |
55 | 00:03:37,634 | 00:03:40,992 | Herman: Codes of behavior, hymns, prayers, | Herman: Codes of behavior, hymns, prayers, |
56 | 00:03:41,001 | 00:03:43,359 | A whole library 2,000 years old. | A whole library 2,000 years old. |
57 | 00:03:45,161 | 00:03:48,599 | It's an amazing, it's truly an amazing discovery. | It's an amazing, it's truly an amazing discovery. |
58 | 00:03:49,961 | 00:03:51,552 | Mastrelli: But there is one dead sea scroll | Mastrelli: But there is one dead sea scroll |
59 | 00:03:51,561 | 00:03:52,919 | That isn't held here. | That isn't held here. |
60 | 00:03:57,161 | 00:03:59,679 | This is the jordan museum in amman. | This is the jordan museum in amman. |
61 | 00:04:01,481 | 00:04:06,319 | It's a showcase for 1.5 million years of jordanian history. | It's a showcase for 1.5 million years of jordanian history. |
62 | 00:04:09,874 | 00:04:11,959 | And its star attraction: | And its star attraction: |
63 | 00:04:12,034 | 00:04:14,919 | 23 pieces of heavily oxidized metal. | 23 pieces of heavily oxidized metal. |
64 | 00:04:18,354 | 00:04:23,319 | But joined together, they form a single copper scroll. | But joined together, they form a single copper scroll. |
65 | 00:04:23,714 | 00:04:26,359 | It is the only dead sea scroll made of metal, | It is the only dead sea scroll made of metal, |
66 | 00:04:28,121 | 00:04:31,632 | And its message has been proven to be even more remarkable | And its message has been proven to be even more remarkable |
67 | 00:04:31,641 | 00:04:33,439 | Than the material it's made from. | Than the material it's made from. |
68 | 00:04:37,081 | 00:04:40,919 | Situated between jordan and israel is the dead sea. | Situated between jordan and israel is the dead sea. |
69 | 00:04:43,714 | 00:04:47,319 | With its northwestern shores just 40 miles from jerusalem. | With its northwestern shores just 40 miles from jerusalem. |
70 | 00:04:51,634 | 00:04:55,239 | In 1952, five years after the discovery | In 1952, five years after the discovery |
71 | 00:04:55,314 | 00:04:57,479 | Of the first dead sea scrolls, | Of the first dead sea scrolls, |
72 | 00:04:57,554 | 00:05:01,319 | A team of archaeologists began an official exploration | A team of archaeologists began an official exploration |
73 | 00:05:01,394 | 00:05:03,199 | Of the caves where they were found. | Of the caves where they were found. |
74 | 00:05:05,714 | 00:05:09,952 | On a shelf, carved into the cave wall, | On a shelf, carved into the cave wall, |
75 | 00:05:09,961 | 00:05:12,359 | A french archaeologist, henri de contenson, | A french archaeologist, henri de contenson, |
76 | 00:05:13,241 | 00:05:14,999 | Spotted something unusual. | Spotted something unusual. |
77 | 00:05:18,594 | 00:05:21,279 | This was no ordinary scroll. | This was no ordinary scroll. |
78 | 00:05:23,081 | 00:05:26,519 | Unlike every other dead sea scroll found before, | Unlike every other dead sea scroll found before, |
79 | 00:05:26,594 | 00:05:29,759 | This one wasn't made from leather or parchment. | This one wasn't made from leather or parchment. |
80 | 00:05:32,354 | 00:05:34,199 | It was made from metal. | It was made from metal. |
81 | 00:05:38,514 | 00:05:41,399 | The scroll was so incredibly brittle | The scroll was so incredibly brittle |
82 | 00:05:41,474 | 00:05:44,352 | That it took four years of careful preparation | That it took four years of careful preparation |
83 | 00:05:44,361 | 00:05:47,799 | And conservation before it could be translated. | And conservation before it could be translated. |
84 | 00:05:49,714 | 00:05:52,519 | But in 1956, the copper scroll | But in 1956, the copper scroll |
85 | 00:05:52,594 | 00:05:54,919 | Was finally ready to reveal its secrets. | Was finally ready to reveal its secrets. |
86 | 00:05:57,481 | 00:05:59,472 | Schiffman: This scroll is written | Schiffman: This scroll is written |
87 | 00:05:59,481 | 00:06:01,392 | In what we call mishnaic hebrew, | In what we call mishnaic hebrew, |
88 | 00:06:01,401 | 00:06:04,119 | Which is a dialect a little bit later | Which is a dialect a little bit later |
89 | 00:06:04,194 | 00:06:05,792 | Than the dead sea scrolls, | Than the dead sea scrolls, |
90 | 00:06:05,801 | 00:06:09,872 | And so this helps us to understand that this scroll | And so this helps us to understand that this scroll |
91 | 00:06:09,881 | 00:06:13,392 | Was written around the year 70 c.E., | Was written around the year 70 c.E., |
92 | 00:06:13,401 | 00:06:14,912 | Whereas the rest of the dead sea scrolls | Whereas the rest of the dead sea scrolls |
93 | 00:06:14,921 | 00:06:16,599 | Were written a little bit earlier. | Were written a little bit earlier. |
94 | 00:06:17,721 | 00:06:20,839 | Mastrelli: If it was created in 70 c.E., | Mastrelli: If it was created in 70 c.E., |
95 | 00:06:20,914 | 00:06:23,232 | Then the scroll was written around the same time | Then the scroll was written around the same time |
96 | 00:06:23,241 | 00:06:25,119 | As the gospel according to mark. | As the gospel according to mark. |
97 | 00:06:26,361 | 00:06:29,719 | But, as soon as scholars set to work | But, as soon as scholars set to work |
98 | 00:06:29,794 | 00:06:33,319 | Decoding the ancient hebrew, it became clear that, | Decoding the ancient hebrew, it became clear that, |
99 | 00:06:33,394 | 00:06:37,679 | Unlike the other scrolls, this was not a biblical text. | Unlike the other scrolls, this was not a biblical text. |
100 | 00:06:38,841 | 00:06:40,839 | It was a treasure map. | It was a treasure map. |
101 | 00:06:43,554 | 00:06:46,439 | Schiffman: The scroll lists 60 places | Schiffman: The scroll lists 60 places |
102 | 00:06:46,514 | 00:06:50,512 | In which specific buried treasures are found, | In which specific buried treasures are found, |
103 | 00:06:50,521 | 00:06:52,919 | And it tells you the specifics of how to get | And it tells you the specifics of how to get |
104 | 00:06:52,994 | 00:06:55,712 | To those treasures when you're at those places. | To those treasures when you're at those places. |
105 | 00:06:55,721 | 00:06:58,119 | It starts off by telling you the name of the place, | It starts off by telling you the name of the place, |
106 | 00:06:58,194 | 00:07:00,679 | Like b'harayva and where that is, and amek b'achor. | Like b'harayva and where that is, and amek b'achor. |
107 | 00:07:01,634 | 00:07:04,119 | And then it goes on and it tells you specifically | And then it goes on and it tells you specifically |
108 | 00:07:04,194 | 00:07:08,199 | That there is so much silver and so many vessels, et cetera. | That there is so much silver and so many vessels, et cetera. |
109 | 00:07:08,274 | 00:07:09,759 | And that's what the scroll is. | And that's what the scroll is. |
110 | 00:07:11,961 | 00:07:14,199 | Mastrelli: When scholars finally revealed the contents | Mastrelli: When scholars finally revealed the contents |
111 | 00:07:14,274 | 00:07:17,872 | Of the copper scroll in June 1956, | Of the copper scroll in June 1956, |
112 | 00:07:17,881 | 00:07:20,039 | It caused excitement around the globe. | It caused excitement around the globe. |
113 | 00:07:23,241 | 00:07:24,759 | Schiffman: When they found out what it was, | Schiffman: When they found out what it was, |
114 | 00:07:24,834 | 00:07:26,512 | The newspapers carried it all over the world. | The newspapers carried it all over the world. |
115 | 00:07:26,521 | 00:07:29,232 | This was this tremendous discovery | This was this tremendous discovery |
116 | 00:07:29,241 | 00:07:30,839 | Of this map of buried treasure. | Of this map of buried treasure. |
117 | 00:07:32,201 | 00:07:35,719 | Herman: 60 hiding locations of treasures. | Herman: 60 hiding locations of treasures. |
118 | 00:07:35,794 | 00:07:36,679 | Where are they? | Where are they? |
119 | 00:07:38,274 | 00:07:39,799 | Mastrelli: But many scholars raised doubts | Mastrelli: But many scholars raised doubts |
120 | 00:07:39,874 | 00:07:41,639 | About the treasure map. | About the treasure map. |
121 | 00:07:41,714 | 00:07:43,639 | The huge quantity of treasure listed | The huge quantity of treasure listed |
122 | 00:07:43,714 | 00:07:46,119 | Was just too vast to be credible. | Was just too vast to be credible. |
123 | 00:07:47,001 | 00:07:50,119 | Schiffman: The numbers and the amounts are so great | Schiffman: The numbers and the amounts are so great |
124 | 00:07:50,194 | 00:07:52,119 | That some people have said that actually, | That some people have said that actually, |
125 | 00:07:52,194 | 00:07:54,199 | If this text were literally true | If this text were literally true |
126 | 00:07:54,274 | 00:07:56,039 | The way they were translating it then, | The way they were translating it then, |
127 | 00:07:56,114 | 00:07:59,399 | They would have 25% of the gold that existed in the world | They would have 25% of the gold that existed in the world |
128 | 00:07:59,474 | 00:08:01,799 | At that time held in this collection. | At that time held in this collection. |
129 | 00:08:02,921 | 00:08:05,639 | Mastrelli: At first, scholars assumed that the treasure | Mastrelli: At first, scholars assumed that the treasure |
130 | 00:08:05,714 | 00:08:08,919 | Was measured by an ancient weight called a talent, | Was measured by an ancient weight called a talent, |
131 | 00:08:08,994 | 00:08:12,039 | And one talent was equal to 70 pounds. | And one talent was equal to 70 pounds. |
132 | 00:08:13,314 | 00:08:17,232 | But with nearly 5,000 talents of gold and silver listed, | But with nearly 5,000 talents of gold and silver listed, |
133 | 00:08:17,241 | 00:08:19,719 | That meant the total hoard would have weighed | That meant the total hoard would have weighed |
134 | 00:08:19,794 | 00:08:22,272 | Close to 100 tons. | Close to 100 tons. |
135 | 00:08:22,281 | 00:08:26,079 | Today, its value would have exceeded $3 billion. | Today, its value would have exceeded $3 billion. |
136 | 00:08:28,201 | 00:08:29,792 | Schiffman: According to the text, | Schiffman: According to the text, |
137 | 00:08:29,801 | 00:08:32,519 | Whoever owned the treasure described would have | Whoever owned the treasure described would have |
138 | 00:08:32,594 | 00:08:35,839 | A tremendously astronomical amount of gold and silver. | A tremendously astronomical amount of gold and silver. |
139 | 00:08:37,401 | 00:08:39,952 | Mastrelli: But on re -examining the text, | Mastrelli: But on re -examining the text, |
140 | 00:08:39,961 | 00:08:41,559 | Scholars noticed something. | Scholars noticed something. |
141 | 00:08:42,841 | 00:08:46,912 | The jewish symbol for a talent was actually very similar | The jewish symbol for a talent was actually very similar |
142 | 00:08:46,921 | 00:08:48,839 | To the shorthand of another standard | To the shorthand of another standard |
143 | 00:08:48,914 | 00:08:51,872 | Unit of measure, the karsch. | Unit of measure, the karsch. |
144 | 00:08:51,881 | 00:08:56,112 | And the karsch is 300 times lighter than a talent. | And the karsch is 300 times lighter than a talent. |
145 | 00:08:56,121 | 00:09:00,519 | Suddenly, $3 billion became several million. | Suddenly, $3 billion became several million. |
146 | 00:09:02,201 | 00:09:04,919 | Schiffman: It certainly starts to become something | Schiffman: It certainly starts to become something |
147 | 00:09:04,994 | 00:09:06,839 | That could be realistic as opposed | That could be realistic as opposed |
148 | 00:09:06,914 | 00:09:08,759 | To these crazy exaggerated amounts, | To these crazy exaggerated amounts, |
149 | 00:09:09,634 | 00:09:11,872 | And it solves the problem of the treasure | And it solves the problem of the treasure |
150 | 00:09:11,881 | 00:09:15,639 | Being an impossible one in terms of its size. | Being an impossible one in terms of its size. |
151 | 00:09:15,714 | 00:09:19,159 | Mastrelli: And it was clear that whoever buried the treasure | Mastrelli: And it was clear that whoever buried the treasure |
152 | 00:09:19,234 | 00:09:21,719 | Wanted to make sure that it could be found again, | Wanted to make sure that it could be found again, |
153 | 00:09:22,674 | 00:09:25,479 | Choosing to list its value and location | Choosing to list its value and location |
154 | 00:09:25,554 | 00:09:28,039 | On the most enduring material available. | On the most enduring material available. |
155 | 00:09:29,641 | 00:09:33,152 | Schiffman: Normally scrolls or texts in ancient times | Schiffman: Normally scrolls or texts in ancient times |
156 | 00:09:33,161 | 00:09:35,639 | Are not written on metal; they're written on skin. | Are not written on metal; they're written on skin. |
157 | 00:09:35,714 | 00:09:38,119 | The fact that this text was written on copper, | The fact that this text was written on copper, |
158 | 00:09:38,194 | 00:09:39,559 | Apparently to preserve it, | Apparently to preserve it, |
159 | 00:09:39,634 | 00:09:41,759 | Shows that it was something very special. | Shows that it was something very special. |
160 | 00:09:44,594 | 00:09:46,679 | (dramatic music) | (dramatic music) |
161 | 00:09:46,754 | 00:09:48,679 | Mastrelli: Scholars believe the copper scroll | Mastrelli: Scholars believe the copper scroll |
162 | 00:09:48,754 | 00:09:52,439 | Lists ancient treasures from jerusalem's second temple. | Lists ancient treasures from jerusalem's second temple. |
163 | 00:09:52,514 | 00:09:54,199 | It was likely engraved at the time | It was likely engraved at the time |
164 | 00:09:54,274 | 00:09:56,759 | Of the temple's destruction in 70 a.D. | Of the temple's destruction in 70 a.D. |
165 | 00:09:56,834 | 00:09:59,552 | When the army of the future emperor titus of rome | When the army of the future emperor titus of rome |
166 | 00:09:59,561 | 00:10:03,319 | Cleaned out its treasury and razed it to the ground. | Cleaned out its treasury and razed it to the ground. |
167 | 00:10:03,394 | 00:10:06,759 | Exactly how much treasure the romans looted is unknown, | Exactly how much treasure the romans looted is unknown, |
168 | 00:10:06,834 | 00:10:11,799 | But a clue can be found 1,500 miles away in rome, Italy. | But a clue can be found 1,500 miles away in rome, Italy. |
169 | 00:10:16,434 | 00:10:18,439 | The astonishing copper scroll. | The astonishing copper scroll. |
170 | 00:10:19,394 | 00:10:22,272 | A treasure map written at the time of jesus | A treasure map written at the time of jesus |
171 | 00:10:22,281 | 00:10:24,159 | Divided the academic world. | Divided the academic world. |
172 | 00:10:25,641 | 00:10:28,119 | While some believed it to be genuine, | While some believed it to be genuine, |
173 | 00:10:28,194 | 00:10:31,552 | Others were still convinced it must be fake. | Others were still convinced it must be fake. |
174 | 00:10:31,561 | 00:10:34,799 | The skeptics pointed to the numerous spelling mistakes, | The skeptics pointed to the numerous spelling mistakes, |
175 | 00:10:36,114 | 00:10:38,919 | A rarity in the other dead sea scrolls, | A rarity in the other dead sea scrolls, |
176 | 00:10:38,994 | 00:10:41,152 | And not something you'd expect on a document | And not something you'd expect on a document |
177 | 00:10:41,161 | 00:10:42,879 | Of such apparent importance. | Of such apparent importance. |
178 | 00:10:43,881 | 00:10:46,512 | Schiffman: Right here we have an example of the fact | Schiffman: Right here we have an example of the fact |
179 | 00:10:46,521 | 00:10:50,432 | That the people who were asked to chisel this text, | That the people who were asked to chisel this text, |
180 | 00:10:50,441 | 00:10:52,279 | Presumably based on a written copy, | Presumably based on a written copy, |
181 | 00:10:52,354 | 00:10:53,952 | Sometimes made mistakes. | Sometimes made mistakes. |
182 | 00:10:53,961 | 00:10:56,592 | And here you have a word which means | And here you have a word which means |
183 | 00:10:56,601 | 00:11:00,119 | "normally at the bottom of something" and they've added | "normally at the bottom of something" and they've added |
184 | 00:11:00,194 | 00:11:02,912 | A letter that doesn't belong in the word. | A letter that doesn't belong in the word. |
185 | 00:11:02,921 | 00:11:05,152 | Mastrelli: Professor schiffman believes the mistakes | Mastrelli: Professor schiffman believes the mistakes |
186 | 00:11:05,161 | 00:11:09,159 | Are not due to clumsy forgers but are the result | Are not due to clumsy forgers but are the result |
187 | 00:11:09,234 | 00:11:12,272 | Of transcribing information onto a material | Of transcribing information onto a material |
188 | 00:11:12,281 | 00:11:14,999 | That's notoriously difficult to work with. | That's notoriously difficult to work with. |
189 | 00:11:18,681 | 00:11:20,679 | Schiffman: One of the problems they faced was | Schiffman: One of the problems they faced was |
190 | 00:11:20,754 | 00:11:22,992 | That they were taking letter shapes | That they were taking letter shapes |
191 | 00:11:23,001 | 00:11:26,439 | Which were designed to be written on skin | Which were designed to be written on skin |
192 | 00:11:26,514 | 00:11:30,192 | With a stylus or something like that, or a pen, | With a stylus or something like that, or a pen, |
193 | 00:11:30,201 | 00:11:33,999 | And they were putting them into metal with a chisel. | And they were putting them into metal with a chisel. |
194 | 00:11:34,921 | 00:11:36,992 | Because of the chiseling, which is sort of | Because of the chiseling, which is sort of |
195 | 00:11:37,001 | 00:11:39,479 | The wrong technology for writing this alphabet, | The wrong technology for writing this alphabet, |
196 | 00:11:39,554 | 00:11:41,632 | A lot of letters came out inexact. | A lot of letters came out inexact. |
197 | 00:11:41,641 | 00:11:44,559 | And as a result of that, we can't tell which letter it is. | And as a result of that, we can't tell which letter it is. |
198 | 00:11:47,721 | 00:11:50,752 | Mastrelli: Most experts now agree that the mistakes | Mastrelli: Most experts now agree that the mistakes |
199 | 00:11:50,761 | 00:11:54,592 | Are simply the inevitable consequence of writing | Are simply the inevitable consequence of writing |
200 | 00:11:54,601 | 00:11:57,839 | A complex text using a hammer and chisel. | A complex text using a hammer and chisel. |
201 | 00:12:00,361 | 00:12:02,679 | They conclude the scroll is genuine. | They conclude the scroll is genuine. |
202 | 00:12:04,201 | 00:12:07,559 | And that means the treasure must be real. | And that means the treasure must be real. |
203 | 00:12:10,114 | 00:12:11,159 | Schiffman: It's very unlikely that anybody | Schiffman: It's very unlikely that anybody |
204 | 00:12:11,234 | 00:12:12,519 | Would go to this whole trouble | Would go to this whole trouble |
205 | 00:12:12,594 | 00:12:13,872 | If they were just writing down | If they were just writing down |
206 | 00:12:13,881 | 00:12:15,392 | Some kind of a dream about treasures | Some kind of a dream about treasures |
207 | 00:12:15,401 | 00:12:17,399 | That they wished they owned but didn't own. | That they wished they owned but didn't own. |
208 | 00:12:17,474 | 00:12:20,752 | Mastrelli: Turning to the text, scholars started to see clues | Mastrelli: Turning to the text, scholars started to see clues |
209 | 00:12:20,761 | 00:12:23,792 | That might reveal where the treasure came from. | That might reveal where the treasure came from. |
210 | 00:12:23,801 | 00:12:25,639 | Schiffman: It's pretty clear that this text | Schiffman: It's pretty clear that this text |
211 | 00:12:25,714 | 00:12:28,272 | In some way is connected to the priests, | In some way is connected to the priests, |
212 | 00:12:28,281 | 00:12:30,839 | Because you have mention of priestly vessels | Because you have mention of priestly vessels |
213 | 00:12:30,914 | 00:12:34,112 | As well as garments that the priests wore. | As well as garments that the priests wore. |
214 | 00:12:34,121 | 00:12:36,112 | So, it's pretty clear that we're talking about something | So, it's pretty clear that we're talking about something |
215 | 00:12:36,121 | 00:12:39,239 | That relates to priesthood and religious worship. | That relates to priesthood and religious worship. |
216 | 00:12:41,314 | 00:12:43,712 | Mastrelli: In 70 c.E., when the copper scroll | Mastrelli: In 70 c.E., when the copper scroll |
217 | 00:12:43,721 | 00:12:45,879 | Is thought to have been written, | Is thought to have been written, |
218 | 00:12:45,954 | 00:12:49,119 | Great wealth and religion can point to just one place. | Great wealth and religion can point to just one place. |
219 | 00:12:51,961 | 00:12:52,759 | Jerusalem. | Jerusalem. |
220 | 00:12:54,601 | 00:12:56,359 | This is the temple mount, | This is the temple mount, |
221 | 00:12:57,234 | 00:13:00,839 | A focus for religious worship for almost 3,000 years. | A focus for religious worship for almost 3,000 years. |
222 | 00:13:02,921 | 00:13:06,119 | Around the time the copper scroll was created, | Around the time the copper scroll was created, |
223 | 00:13:06,194 | 00:13:08,919 | This vast walled platform was dominated | This vast walled platform was dominated |
224 | 00:13:08,994 | 00:13:13,039 | By one giant structure: The second temple. | By one giant structure: The second temple. |
225 | 00:13:15,394 | 00:13:17,152 | It was the centerpiece of a kingdom | It was the centerpiece of a kingdom |
226 | 00:13:17,161 | 00:13:20,279 | Ruled by herod the great, a jewish king, | Ruled by herod the great, a jewish king, |
227 | 00:13:21,394 | 00:13:22,879 | But under the rule of rome. | But under the rule of rome. |
228 | 00:13:25,081 | 00:13:26,919 | Herman: The jewish temple in jerusalem, | Herman: The jewish temple in jerusalem, |
229 | 00:13:26,994 | 00:13:31,232 | In the first century, was a magnificent complex. | In the first century, was a magnificent complex. |
230 | 00:13:31,241 | 00:13:35,639 | It was the biggest shrine built in the whole roman empire | It was the biggest shrine built in the whole roman empire |
231 | 00:13:35,714 | 00:13:37,079 | At the time it was standing. | At the time it was standing. |
232 | 00:13:39,554 | 00:13:40,839 | Mastrelli: Rising from the rubble | Mastrelli: Rising from the rubble |
233 | 00:13:40,914 | 00:13:43,159 | Of solomon's first temple, | Of solomon's first temple, |
234 | 00:13:43,234 | 00:13:47,632 | Once home to the ark of the covenant, herod's second temple | Once home to the ark of the covenant, herod's second temple |
235 | 00:13:47,641 | 00:13:50,559 | Attracted millions of worshipers every year. | Attracted millions of worshipers every year. |
236 | 00:13:52,434 | 00:13:54,119 | Herman: The main activity was in front of it | Herman: The main activity was in front of it |
237 | 00:13:54,194 | 00:13:56,919 | Where all the jewish pilgrims would be sacrificing | Where all the jewish pilgrims would be sacrificing |
238 | 00:13:56,994 | 00:13:59,872 | The animals with the assistance of the priests, | The animals with the assistance of the priests, |
239 | 00:13:59,881 | 00:14:03,632 | An ongoing sacrificial activity or, in my terms, | An ongoing sacrificial activity or, in my terms, |
240 | 00:14:03,641 | 00:14:06,039 | The biggest barbecue in the mediterranean ever. | The biggest barbecue in the mediterranean ever. |
241 | 00:14:08,521 | 00:14:10,519 | Mastrelli: And every single visitor was required | Mastrelli: And every single visitor was required |
242 | 00:14:10,594 | 00:14:12,319 | To leave a donation in silver. | To leave a donation in silver. |
243 | 00:14:14,361 | 00:14:17,479 | Herman: Each one of them had to give a half a shekel, | Herman: Each one of them had to give a half a shekel, |
244 | 00:14:17,554 | 00:14:19,959 | Which is about seven grams of silver, | Which is about seven grams of silver, |
245 | 00:14:20,034 | 00:14:22,759 | To the temple, and many gave a lot more. | To the temple, and many gave a lot more. |
246 | 00:14:26,194 | 00:14:28,832 | Mastrelli: In a little less than a century, herod's temple | Mastrelli: In a little less than a century, herod's temple |
247 | 00:14:28,841 | 00:14:32,239 | Accumulated a huge collection of gold and silver. | Accumulated a huge collection of gold and silver. |
248 | 00:14:33,721 | 00:14:35,959 | Known as the temple treasures, | Known as the temple treasures, |
249 | 00:14:36,034 | 00:14:39,472 | Many scholars now believe that these were the same treasures | Many scholars now believe that these were the same treasures |
250 | 00:14:39,481 | 00:14:41,479 | That were listed on the copper scroll. | That were listed on the copper scroll. |
251 | 00:14:44,594 | 00:14:47,632 | Literary evidence suggests the scroll was written | Literary evidence suggests the scroll was written |
252 | 00:14:47,641 | 00:14:49,319 | During the time of the jewish revolt | During the time of the jewish revolt |
253 | 00:14:49,394 | 00:14:50,799 | Against the roman empire. | Against the roman empire. |
254 | 00:14:51,874 | 00:14:53,232 | If there was ever a time to hide | If there was ever a time to hide |
255 | 00:14:53,241 | 00:14:56,512 | The temple treasures, this was it. | The temple treasures, this was it. |
256 | 00:14:56,521 | 00:15:00,272 | Indeed, in 70 c.E., the army of the future emperor | Indeed, in 70 c.E., the army of the future emperor |
257 | 00:15:00,281 | 00:15:02,752 | Titus of rome cleaned out the treasury | Titus of rome cleaned out the treasury |
258 | 00:15:02,761 | 00:15:04,759 | And razed the temple to the ground. | And razed the temple to the ground. |
259 | 00:15:07,561 | 00:15:10,599 | Just how much treasure the romans looted is unknown, | Just how much treasure the romans looted is unknown, |
260 | 00:15:11,634 | 00:15:15,719 | But a clue can be found, 1,500 miles away | But a clue can be found, 1,500 miles away |
261 | 00:15:16,921 | 00:15:18,159 | In rome, Italy. | In rome, Italy. |
262 | 00:15:21,314 | 00:15:23,319 | This is the arch of titus. | This is the arch of titus. |
263 | 00:15:25,001 | 00:15:28,592 | Built in 82 a.D., it commemorates the roman army's | Built in 82 a.D., it commemorates the roman army's |
264 | 00:15:28,601 | 00:15:31,279 | Triumphant return from the siege of jerusalem. | Triumphant return from the siege of jerusalem. |
265 | 00:15:33,881 | 00:15:36,199 | It features an inscribed relief | It features an inscribed relief |
266 | 00:15:36,274 | 00:15:38,639 | Illustrating the army's spoils of war. | Illustrating the army's spoils of war. |
267 | 00:15:41,394 | 00:15:44,992 | Crucially, it depicts the golden menorah, | Crucially, it depicts the golden menorah, |
268 | 00:15:45,001 | 00:15:46,919 | The seven-branched candelabrum | The seven-branched candelabrum |
269 | 00:15:46,994 | 00:15:49,279 | Carried by mosses into the wilderness. | Carried by mosses into the wilderness. |
270 | 00:15:52,441 | 00:15:54,919 | It was the single most prized item | It was the single most prized item |
271 | 00:15:54,994 | 00:15:56,679 | Of all the temple treasures. | Of all the temple treasures. |
272 | 00:15:57,641 | 00:15:59,959 | But were all its treasures lost? | But were all its treasures lost? |
273 | 00:16:00,034 | 00:16:02,832 | Or did the temple priests anticipate the siege | Or did the temple priests anticipate the siege |
274 | 00:16:02,841 | 00:16:04,839 | And smuggle out some of its treasures | And smuggle out some of its treasures |
275 | 00:16:04,914 | 00:16:07,079 | Before the romans arrived? | Before the romans arrived? |
276 | 00:16:07,154 | 00:16:10,519 | If so, could the copper scroll still preserve | If so, could the copper scroll still preserve |
277 | 00:16:10,594 | 00:16:13,999 | The exact location of over 60 separate hordes? | The exact location of over 60 separate hordes? |
278 | 00:16:15,554 | 00:16:18,759 | Schiffman: As far as we can judge, these priests created | Schiffman: As far as we can judge, these priests created |
279 | 00:16:18,834 | 00:16:22,832 | A sort of treasure map so that eventually | A sort of treasure map so that eventually |
280 | 00:16:22,841 | 00:16:25,239 | It would be possible to recover these treasures. | It would be possible to recover these treasures. |
281 | 00:16:26,281 | 00:16:29,232 | Mastrelli: To date, no genuine copper scroll treasures | Mastrelli: To date, no genuine copper scroll treasures |
282 | 00:16:29,241 | 00:16:31,879 | Have ever been discovered. | Have ever been discovered. |
283 | 00:16:31,954 | 00:16:35,639 | Their absence is puzzling, but a solution to the mystery | Their absence is puzzling, but a solution to the mystery |
284 | 00:16:35,714 | 00:16:37,319 | May have been found... | May have been found... |
285 | 00:16:40,114 | 00:16:42,759 | In the form of a ghost inscription. | In the form of a ghost inscription. |
286 | 00:16:45,874 | 00:16:47,552 | (dramatic music) | (dramatic music) |
287 | 00:16:47,561 | 00:16:51,152 | Today, scholars agree that the copper scroll, | Today, scholars agree that the copper scroll, |
288 | 00:16:51,161 | 00:16:54,519 | A treasure map from the time of jesus, is genuine. | A treasure map from the time of jesus, is genuine. |
289 | 00:16:56,114 | 00:16:58,039 | And, most likely, that it points | And, most likely, that it points |
290 | 00:16:58,114 | 00:17:00,839 | To multiple burial sites of treasures, | To multiple burial sites of treasures, |
291 | 00:17:00,914 | 00:17:04,432 | Taken from the second temple in jerusalem by its priests, | Taken from the second temple in jerusalem by its priests, |
292 | 00:17:04,441 | 00:17:06,239 | And then hidden from the roman army. | And then hidden from the roman army. |
293 | 00:17:08,194 | 00:17:11,792 | But of all the locations deciphered so far, | But of all the locations deciphered so far, |
294 | 00:17:11,801 | 00:17:14,279 | No trace of the treasure has been found. | No trace of the treasure has been found. |
295 | 00:17:15,161 | 00:17:15,999 | Why? | Why? |
296 | 00:17:19,314 | 00:17:22,512 | The arch of titus reveals the roman army returning to rome | The arch of titus reveals the roman army returning to rome |
297 | 00:17:22,521 | 00:17:26,799 | With the temple treasures, but did they really get it all? | With the temple treasures, but did they really get it all? |
298 | 00:17:28,514 | 00:17:30,832 | Experts now believe this marble plaque | Experts now believe this marble plaque |
299 | 00:17:30,841 | 00:17:32,159 | Could hold the answer. | Could hold the answer. |
300 | 00:17:34,514 | 00:17:37,719 | Once part of the colosseum, it holds an inscription | Once part of the colosseum, it holds an inscription |
301 | 00:17:37,794 | 00:17:40,079 | That was written in the fifth century c.E. | That was written in the fifth century c.E. |
302 | 00:17:41,801 | 00:17:44,919 | But does it hide clues to an even earlier text? | But does it hide clues to an even earlier text? |
303 | 00:17:46,354 | 00:17:50,039 | Not carved into the stone but hammered onto it. | Not carved into the stone but hammered onto it. |
304 | 00:18:16,914 | 00:18:18,752 | Mastrelli: These holes once held pegs | Mastrelli: These holes once held pegs |
305 | 00:18:18,761 | 00:18:21,399 | Carrying bronze letters in front of the marble. | Carrying bronze letters in front of the marble. |
306 | 00:18:24,361 | 00:18:28,039 | The challenge for scholars was to precisely match | The challenge for scholars was to precisely match |
307 | 00:18:28,114 | 00:18:30,639 | The correct letters to the corresponding holes | The correct letters to the corresponding holes |
308 | 00:18:31,554 | 00:18:34,119 | And reconstruct the ghost inscription. | And reconstruct the ghost inscription. |
309 | 00:18:46,834 | 00:18:50,439 | Mastrelli: In 1995, experts finally cracked the code. | Mastrelli: In 1995, experts finally cracked the code. |
310 | 00:18:53,634 | 00:18:55,159 | They read the ghost inscription | They read the ghost inscription |
311 | 00:18:55,234 | 00:18:58,559 | For the first time in close to 1,500 years. | For the first time in close to 1,500 years. |
312 | 00:19:26,354 | 00:19:28,839 | Mastrelli: The inscription was shocking. | Mastrelli: The inscription was shocking. |
313 | 00:19:28,914 | 00:19:30,672 | It revealed for the first time | It revealed for the first time |
314 | 00:19:30,681 | 00:19:33,279 | The sheer scale of the temple treasures. | The sheer scale of the temple treasures. |
315 | 00:19:34,194 | 00:19:37,239 | The wealth was so great the roman emperors | The wealth was so great the roman emperors |
316 | 00:19:37,314 | 00:19:38,599 | Could fund the construction | Could fund the construction |
317 | 00:19:38,674 | 00:19:41,079 | Of the greatest amphitheater ever built. | Of the greatest amphitheater ever built. |
318 | 00:19:43,961 | 00:19:44,999 | The colosseum. | The colosseum. |
319 | 00:19:47,234 | 00:19:52,199 | The most impressive building in the entire roman empire. | The most impressive building in the entire roman empire. |
320 | 00:20:11,161 | 00:20:13,152 | Mastrelli: The colosseum was just one part | Mastrelli: The colosseum was just one part |
321 | 00:20:13,161 | 00:20:16,359 | Of a massive building program that took place in rome | Of a massive building program that took place in rome |
322 | 00:20:16,434 | 00:20:18,239 | After the siege of jerusalem. | After the siege of jerusalem. |
323 | 00:20:19,321 | 00:20:22,359 | Some consider this evidence that the romans | Some consider this evidence that the romans |
324 | 00:20:22,434 | 00:20:24,352 | Must have discovered the hidden fortunes | Must have discovered the hidden fortunes |
325 | 00:20:24,361 | 00:20:26,479 | Listed in the copper scroll. | Listed in the copper scroll. |
326 | 00:20:28,441 | 00:20:31,079 | But there are many who are equally convinced | But there are many who are equally convinced |
327 | 00:20:31,154 | 00:20:33,639 | That some of the treasure is still out there. | That some of the treasure is still out there. |
328 | 00:20:36,281 | 00:20:38,079 | Could it be waiting to be found? | Could it be waiting to be found? |
329 | 00:20:41,874 | 00:20:46,359 | Herman: I do truly believe this is a depiction of real treasures | Herman: I do truly believe this is a depiction of real treasures |
330 | 00:20:46,434 | 00:20:51,072 | And they were hidden, and maybe, maybe some of it, | And they were hidden, and maybe, maybe some of it, |
331 | 00:20:51,081 | 00:20:53,472 | One of those treasures are still hidden | One of those treasures are still hidden |
332 | 00:20:53,481 | 00:20:55,639 | And waiting to be exposed. | And waiting to be exposed. |
333 | 00:20:55,714 | 00:20:58,759 | Mastrelli: If he is right, then the treasures listed | Mastrelli: If he is right, then the treasures listed |
334 | 00:20:58,834 | 00:21:02,839 | In the copper scroll evaded the marauding romans | In the copper scroll evaded the marauding romans |
335 | 00:21:02,914 | 00:21:05,719 | And the scroll succeeded in the very job | And the scroll succeeded in the very job |
336 | 00:21:05,794 | 00:21:08,272 | It was designed to do. | It was designed to do. |
337 | 00:21:08,281 | 00:21:11,399 | Schiffman: There was a very quick economic | Schiffman: There was a very quick economic |
338 | 00:21:11,474 | 00:21:15,559 | And social recovery after the war with rome. | And social recovery after the war with rome. |
339 | 00:21:15,634 | 00:21:18,752 | My assumption is, if these treasures were real, | My assumption is, if these treasures were real, |
340 | 00:21:18,761 | 00:21:20,992 | They may have been recovered by the people | They may have been recovered by the people |
341 | 00:21:21,001 | 00:21:24,599 | Who hid them and used for good purposes | Who hid them and used for good purposes |
342 | 00:21:24,674 | 00:21:26,559 | For the recovery of the jewish people. | For the recovery of the jewish people. |
343 | 00:21:32,194 | 00:21:34,919 | Mastrelli: So, some think rome got all the hidden treasure, | Mastrelli: So, some think rome got all the hidden treasure, |
344 | 00:21:34,994 | 00:21:36,832 | Others are convinced they got just part of it, | Others are convinced they got just part of it, |
345 | 00:21:36,841 | 00:21:40,039 | And still others believe the whole copper scroll enterprise | And still others believe the whole copper scroll enterprise |
346 | 00:21:40,114 | 00:21:42,119 | Went off without a hitch and that its treasures | Went off without a hitch and that its treasures |
347 | 00:21:42,194 | 00:21:46,112 | Never once left israel, but were, instead, quietly reclaimed | Never once left israel, but were, instead, quietly reclaimed |
348 | 00:21:46,121 | 00:21:48,719 | By the jewish people and used to rebuild their lives. | By the jewish people and used to rebuild their lives. |
349 | 00:21:49,721 | 00:21:52,039 | Ask me what I believe, and I'll give it to you straight. | Ask me what I believe, and I'll give it to you straight. |
350 | 00:21:52,114 | 00:21:54,439 | I prefer my mysteries to be like my martinis, | I prefer my mysteries to be like my martinis, |
351 | 00:21:54,514 | 00:21:57,719 | Stirred, not shaken, and always unsolved. | Stirred, not shaken, and always unsolved. |