1 00:00:02,168 --> 00:00:03,628 DR. OAKLEY: Let's go get some bears! 2 00:00:03,712 --> 00:00:05,755 NARRATOR: This time Dr. Michelle Oakley 3 00:00:05,839 --> 00:00:08,425 is heading to Sweden, flying high. 4 00:00:08,758 --> 00:00:11,094 DR. OAKLEY (over radio): Got it. Dart's in the first cub. 5 00:00:11,177 --> 00:00:15,098 NARRATOR: And racing against the clock to bring a family of bears together. 6 00:00:15,181 --> 00:00:17,017 DR. OAKLEY: Back to your mommy. 7 00:00:17,100 --> 00:00:18,977 NARRATOR: Then, the team tangles... 8 00:00:19,060 --> 00:00:20,812 SIDNEY: Oh, it's okay! DR. OAKLEY: I know. 9 00:00:20,895 --> 00:00:22,105 NARRATOR: With a bird of prey. 10 00:00:22,188 --> 00:00:23,773 DR. OAKLEY: Oh, boy! 11 00:00:23,857 --> 00:00:27,444 NARRATOR: And mystery cases in the clinic reveal surprising results. 12 00:00:34,034 --> 00:00:37,287 ♪ ♪ 13 00:00:37,370 --> 00:00:39,039 NARRATOR: The ice and snow may be hanging on, 14 00:00:39,122 --> 00:00:41,624 but it's officially springtime in Alaska. 15 00:00:42,542 --> 00:00:46,296 And all the residents of Haines are eager to get out and play. 16 00:00:46,379 --> 00:00:47,422 (bark) 17 00:00:47,505 --> 00:00:49,799 NARRATOR: But venturing out can bring pets into contact 18 00:00:49,883 --> 00:00:53,011 with a wilder crowd and the painful consequences. 19 00:00:53,470 --> 00:00:57,348 DR. OAKLEY (off-screen): This poor fella just came in with quills. 20 00:00:58,808 --> 00:01:00,435 NARRATOR: When emergencies call... 21 00:01:00,518 --> 00:01:02,979 DR. OAKLEY: This is the area that we're concerned about. 22 00:01:03,063 --> 00:01:04,647 NARRATOR: Dr. Oakley answers. 23 00:01:04,731 --> 00:01:07,609 DR. OAKLEY: Good boy, that's a good boy. 24 00:01:07,942 --> 00:01:09,569 MARSHA: I'm sorry. 25 00:01:09,944 --> 00:01:11,863 NARRATOR: Michelle's next patient 26 00:01:11,946 --> 00:01:14,282 is a seven-year-old Papillon, named Ooshkee, 27 00:01:14,365 --> 00:01:17,243 who suffered a mysterious and vicious attack. 28 00:01:17,577 --> 00:01:19,829 MARSHA (off-screen): He's my little dog. 29 00:01:19,913 --> 00:01:23,208 I think he got bit around his neck. 30 00:01:24,000 --> 00:01:28,588 He got out the door, I didn't realize he was out there until I heard a yip. 31 00:01:28,963 --> 00:01:31,841 And he came in, he was all wet and dirty, 32 00:01:31,925 --> 00:01:33,885 and I didn't realize he was bleeding 33 00:01:33,968 --> 00:01:35,929 until much later because of his coat. 34 00:01:36,346 --> 00:01:39,682 I'm hoping that Dr. Oakley will make sure that he'll be okay. 35 00:01:39,766 --> 00:01:42,018 DR. OAKLEY: This must be Ooshkee. 36 00:01:42,102 --> 00:01:43,311 MARSHA: Yeah. 37 00:01:43,394 --> 00:01:46,481 DR. OAKLEY: Okay, so. Hi, buddy, can I see...(growls) Okay. 38 00:01:46,564 --> 00:01:49,067 I can already see some wounds on Ooshkee's neck, 39 00:01:49,150 --> 00:01:50,985 but I'm gonna need to put a muzzle on him, 40 00:01:51,069 --> 00:01:53,071 because he's already nervous and sore, 41 00:01:53,154 --> 00:01:56,157 and when I start to look at that more closely, he could nip. 42 00:01:56,241 --> 00:01:58,743 Sorry about this. Sorry about this. 43 00:01:58,827 --> 00:02:01,037 I know, I know it's scary. 44 00:02:01,121 --> 00:02:03,540 This will help distract you, I know. 45 00:02:03,623 --> 00:02:05,708 I'm sorry about that muzzle. 46 00:02:05,792 --> 00:02:07,836 His eyes look okay to you and everything? 47 00:02:07,919 --> 00:02:09,629 MARSHA: Oh, his eyes look sad. 48 00:02:09,712 --> 00:02:11,798 DR. OAKLEY: I'm gonna shave some hair, is that okay? 49 00:02:11,881 --> 00:02:13,800 So I can get a look at it. Yeah, we'll need to... 50 00:02:13,883 --> 00:02:15,426 My goodness. 51 00:02:15,969 --> 00:02:18,930 (whimpering) 52 00:02:19,013 --> 00:02:22,183 DR. OAKLEY: Boy, there's quite a bit of bruising 53 00:02:22,267 --> 00:02:23,935 on your skin there, too. 54 00:02:24,018 --> 00:02:26,062 That must have really hurt. 55 00:02:26,146 --> 00:02:29,065 This looks like a large dog grabbed him 56 00:02:29,149 --> 00:02:32,902 or clamped down on his neck, so I'm sure it's really tender. 57 00:02:32,986 --> 00:02:35,864 Usually when they grab them, they kind of grab and shake them a bit, 58 00:02:35,947 --> 00:02:38,324 so there's often a lot of, like, damaged muscle underneath, 59 00:02:38,408 --> 00:02:39,993 which is why they're so tender. 60 00:02:40,076 --> 00:02:42,370 MARSHA: Hmm. DR. OAKLEY: There's another spot there, 61 00:02:42,453 --> 00:02:44,664 did he get all the way around your little neck? 62 00:02:44,747 --> 00:02:46,833 Yeah, there's another puncture here. 63 00:02:47,208 --> 00:02:49,377 MARSHA: Good boy. DR. OAKLEY: Oh, my goodness. 64 00:02:49,460 --> 00:02:51,337 MARSHA: Look at you. DR. OAKLEY: This keeps going over here a little bit, 65 00:02:51,421 --> 00:02:53,047 too, doesn't it? There we go. 66 00:02:53,131 --> 00:02:55,258 The thing with bite wounds is when they get them, 67 00:02:55,341 --> 00:02:57,385 they get these punctures that then kind of close up, 68 00:02:57,468 --> 00:03:00,597 and there's still a lot of infected material in there. 69 00:03:00,680 --> 00:03:03,141 So, I'm gonna just try and put a little bit of cream on there 70 00:03:03,224 --> 00:03:06,436 to make it not hurt so much, and then wash it out really well. 71 00:03:06,519 --> 00:03:07,812 MARSHA: Okay. 72 00:03:07,896 --> 00:03:10,106 DR. OAKLEY: Ooshkee's wounds have already scabbed over on his neck 73 00:03:10,190 --> 00:03:11,733 so I'm gonna need to be really gentle 74 00:03:11,816 --> 00:03:13,818 as I'm opening them up and cleaning them out. 75 00:03:13,902 --> 00:03:15,528 I'm so sorry. (yelp) 76 00:03:15,612 --> 00:03:17,780 NARRATOR: A local pain block should keep Ooshkee comfortable 77 00:03:17,864 --> 00:03:20,074 while Michelle cleans his wounds. 78 00:03:20,158 --> 00:03:21,868 DR. OAKLEY: All done. MARSHA: All done, okay? 79 00:03:21,951 --> 00:03:25,038 NARRATOR: It's crucial to flush out any bacteria inside the puncture wound 80 00:03:25,121 --> 00:03:27,332 before serious infection can set in. 81 00:03:27,832 --> 00:03:31,961 DR. OAKLEY: We don't want anything living in there that shouldn't be. 82 00:03:32,045 --> 00:03:34,714 MARSHA: It's probably too late for stitches. 83 00:03:34,797 --> 00:03:37,508 DR. OAKLEY: That would be about the worst thing we could do right now. 84 00:03:37,592 --> 00:03:39,719 MARSHA: Aaw! DR. OAKLEY: I think it's just overkill. 85 00:03:39,802 --> 00:03:41,304 That's gonna heal nicely. 86 00:03:41,387 --> 00:03:43,514 But it's gonna need antibiotics, and it's gonna need to stay open 87 00:03:43,598 --> 00:03:45,183 a little bit to heal from the inside out. 88 00:03:45,266 --> 00:03:47,602 MARSHA: Okay. DR. OAKLEY: You'll have a little scar, 89 00:03:47,685 --> 00:03:50,438 but no one will ever see it underneath all that lovely hair. 90 00:03:50,521 --> 00:03:52,273 Good boy. 91 00:03:52,357 --> 00:03:54,400 You're being so good. 92 00:03:54,734 --> 00:03:56,611 MARSHA: You did a good job! 93 00:03:56,694 --> 00:03:58,571 DR. OAKLEY: Papillons are often the best little dogs 94 00:03:58,655 --> 00:04:01,115 for guard dogs or bears or anything like that. 95 00:04:01,199 --> 00:04:04,994 MARSHA: Had a bear around the house this summer, he'd hear it before I did. 96 00:04:05,078 --> 00:04:06,371 DR. OAKLEY: Oh, yeah. 97 00:04:06,454 --> 00:04:10,333 NARRATOR: A course of antibiotics and some pain medication will get this 98 00:04:10,416 --> 00:04:13,586 tiny watchdog back to tip-top shape in no time. 99 00:04:13,670 --> 00:04:16,464 DR. OAKLEY: Awesome. Can I give him a little treat, is that okay? 100 00:04:16,547 --> 00:04:18,091 I don't know if he'll take it now. 101 00:04:18,174 --> 00:04:19,926 MARSHA: Oh, he might be your friend. 102 00:04:20,009 --> 00:04:21,844 (growls) DR. OAKLEY: I don't know! 103 00:04:21,928 --> 00:04:23,137 (laughs) 104 00:04:23,221 --> 00:04:25,515 DR. OAKLEY: Okay. I'm gonna try, though. I don't give up easy! 105 00:04:25,598 --> 00:04:28,393 I want to be your friend, yes, I do! 106 00:04:28,476 --> 00:04:31,271 Let's see what we got here, come on, now. 107 00:04:31,354 --> 00:04:32,689 See? 108 00:04:32,772 --> 00:04:35,858 Aw, what a good boy. 109 00:04:35,942 --> 00:04:38,152 I have to sneak in a pet then. 110 00:04:38,236 --> 00:04:40,697 Oh, lovely. 111 00:04:40,780 --> 00:04:42,740 Okay. Good stuff. Thank you for that. 112 00:04:42,824 --> 00:04:44,367 Thanks for bringing him in. 113 00:04:44,450 --> 00:04:45,451 MARSHA: Alright. 114 00:04:45,535 --> 00:04:46,869 MARSHA: Thank you. 115 00:04:47,203 --> 00:04:48,371 DR. OAKLEY: You're welcome. 116 00:04:48,830 --> 00:04:52,583 NARRATOR: With cases wrapped up, Michelle joins Shane at home for some 117 00:04:52,667 --> 00:04:56,129 quick packing for another new adventure together. 118 00:04:56,212 --> 00:04:58,506 DR. OAKLEY: We'll put some darts in here. 119 00:04:58,589 --> 00:05:01,759 This afternoon we're leaving for Sweden! 120 00:05:01,843 --> 00:05:04,137 NARRATOR: They're traveling more than 4,000 miles 121 00:05:04,220 --> 00:05:07,432 to the woods of central Sweden, to track down wildlife 122 00:05:07,515 --> 00:05:10,184 and reconnect with some old friends. 123 00:05:10,852 --> 00:05:14,355 DR. OAKLEY: We're in the homeland, homeland of wildlife captures. 124 00:05:16,357 --> 00:05:19,235 I came here early in my career to work with the Scandinavian Bear Project, 125 00:05:19,319 --> 00:05:21,779 and these guys are the best in the business. 126 00:05:21,863 --> 00:05:27,577 NARRATOR: The Scandinavian Bear Project has studied over 2,000 bears since 1984. 127 00:05:27,660 --> 00:05:30,872 DR. OAKLEY: It's one of the longest running wildlife projects in the world. 128 00:05:30,955 --> 00:05:33,624 And they're always trying to find the newest and the best 129 00:05:33,708 --> 00:05:35,960 cutting-edge techniques to improve what they're doing. 130 00:05:36,294 --> 00:05:38,046 DR. OAKLEY: I think that's it right there. 131 00:05:38,838 --> 00:05:40,298 DR. OAKLEY: I'm hoping I can learn some new techniques 132 00:05:40,381 --> 00:05:42,175 to take back with me to the Yukon. 133 00:05:42,759 --> 00:05:45,428 NARRATOR: The bears in the study roam along the same latitudes that 134 00:05:45,511 --> 00:05:47,263 cut through the Yukon. 135 00:05:47,347 --> 00:05:51,017 Sweden and the Yukon are home to many of the same animals. 136 00:05:51,100 --> 00:05:54,312 DR. OAKLEY: Both countries are in the same polar band 137 00:05:54,395 --> 00:05:57,357 and they have very similar climates and ecosystems. 138 00:05:57,440 --> 00:06:02,278 But when it comes to bears, the Scandinavian population is growing about 5% per year, 139 00:06:02,362 --> 00:06:04,739 while in other countries it's shrinking. 140 00:06:04,822 --> 00:06:06,991 So, the question is why? 141 00:06:07,075 --> 00:06:08,951 DR. OAKLEY: What's the plan? 142 00:06:09,577 --> 00:06:12,997 DAVID: So the plan for today is to start with two yearlings. 143 00:06:13,664 --> 00:06:17,001 NARRATOR: David Ahlqvist is in charge of darting the bears. 144 00:06:17,085 --> 00:06:20,588 This morning, the team will pursue a mother and her two cubs. 145 00:06:20,671 --> 00:06:23,257 DR. OAKLEY: For the last 30 years, these guys have been tracking 146 00:06:23,341 --> 00:06:27,095 not only individuals, but entire family units, both mothers and cubs. 147 00:06:28,137 --> 00:06:32,308 NARRATOR: The project has done groundbreaking research on family dynamics, 148 00:06:32,392 --> 00:06:35,186 gathering data on generations of brown bears. 149 00:06:35,520 --> 00:06:37,980 DAVID: It's very hot today. 150 00:06:38,064 --> 00:06:39,857 DR. OAKLEY: So, we'll pack lots of extra ice packs 151 00:06:39,941 --> 00:06:42,235 in case there's no snow there, you know, okay. 152 00:06:42,318 --> 00:06:43,903 DAVID: Yeah. Exactly. 153 00:06:43,986 --> 00:06:46,197 DR. OAKLEY: Tranquilized bears can overheat very easily, 154 00:06:46,280 --> 00:06:49,158 so we're gonna have to be really tight and monitor their temperature. 155 00:06:49,242 --> 00:06:52,036 Let's go get some bears. 156 00:06:52,412 --> 00:06:53,621 DAVID: Alright. 157 00:06:53,704 --> 00:06:55,581 DR. OAKLEY: While David and I go and dart and pick up bears, 158 00:06:55,665 --> 00:06:57,583 Shane and the team are gonna set up the surgery site 159 00:06:57,667 --> 00:06:59,669 so when we get back we can get right to work. 160 00:07:02,880 --> 00:07:07,135 NARRATOR: Today, a pair of bear cubs are due to receive tracking devices. 161 00:07:07,218 --> 00:07:09,512 And David and Michelle are hot on their tails. 162 00:07:09,929 --> 00:07:12,723 DR. OAKLEY (off-screen): The mother bear is part of the study already. 163 00:07:12,807 --> 00:07:15,810 So, she's wearing a GPS collar, and so she's gonna be easy to find. 164 00:07:16,769 --> 00:07:18,438 DAVID (over radio): Yeah, she's over there. 165 00:07:21,190 --> 00:07:23,276 NARRATOR: Mom will get a checkup in the field. 166 00:07:23,359 --> 00:07:28,489 Her cubs will be transported to a surgery site to have tracking devices implanted, 167 00:07:28,573 --> 00:07:30,825 and then quickly returned back to their mother. 168 00:07:31,576 --> 00:07:34,912 For the researchers, darting entire family groups 169 00:07:34,996 --> 00:07:38,332 and waking them up together is the safest and most humane way 170 00:07:38,416 --> 00:07:40,251 they've found to conduct their study. 171 00:07:45,715 --> 00:07:48,509 DR. OAKLEY (over radio): Got it, time of darting, 9:45 am. 172 00:07:50,720 --> 00:07:52,138 NARRATOR: The cub will go down soon, 173 00:07:52,221 --> 00:07:55,850 so it's essential they dart the rest of the family to keep them together. 174 00:07:56,392 --> 00:07:58,936 Now for the second cub. 175 00:08:02,064 --> 00:08:03,900 DR. OAKLEY (over radio): 9:46 am. 176 00:08:04,775 --> 00:08:06,819 NARRATOR: The team circles around to dart the mother. 177 00:08:11,657 --> 00:08:13,826 DR. OAKLEY (over radio): Ok, got the dart in. 178 00:08:15,036 --> 00:08:16,621 NARRATOR: With all three bears darted, 179 00:08:16,704 --> 00:08:19,415 it's time to pick up the cubs and get them back to camp. 180 00:08:20,750 --> 00:08:22,126 The pressure's on. 181 00:08:22,210 --> 00:08:24,629 DR. OAKLEY: Anesthesia is not an exact science, 182 00:08:24,712 --> 00:08:26,547 and, you know, you have about an hour 183 00:08:26,631 --> 00:08:28,716 before a large bear will start to wake up. 184 00:08:29,217 --> 00:08:32,428 So, to be safe, we have about 45 minutes to get the cubs back out there 185 00:08:32,512 --> 00:08:34,263 before the mama starts to wake up. 186 00:08:40,853 --> 00:08:43,523 NARRATOR: The second cub is down and not far off. 187 00:08:44,482 --> 00:08:50,530 ♪ ♪ 188 00:08:50,613 --> 00:08:53,282 DAVID (over radio): Alright, we're coming in with the two cubs. 189 00:08:53,366 --> 00:08:56,536 And you might want to check the temperature on them... 190 00:08:56,619 --> 00:08:58,371 ...might be a bit warm. 191 00:08:58,746 --> 00:08:59,997 ALINA: Okay. Thank you. 192 00:09:00,623 --> 00:09:02,041 DR. OAKLEY (off-screen): So, the helicopter's coming in. 193 00:09:02,124 --> 00:09:03,960 We've got our surgical area all set up. 194 00:09:04,043 --> 00:09:05,545 We're ready to roll. 195 00:09:06,462 --> 00:09:08,839 NARRATOR: The surgical team now has about 45 minutes 196 00:09:08,923 --> 00:09:11,092 to get the cubs back to their mother, 197 00:09:11,175 --> 00:09:13,553 before her tranquilizer starts to wear off. 198 00:09:14,595 --> 00:09:17,265 While David and the field team chopper back to the mother, 199 00:09:17,348 --> 00:09:19,767 Michelle teams up with Alina Evans, 200 00:09:19,850 --> 00:09:22,353 one of the project's wildlife vets. 201 00:09:22,979 --> 00:09:26,023 ALINA: When you're ready, I can give it to you. DR. OAKLEY: Okay. Sure. 202 00:09:26,357 --> 00:09:28,734 Alina and I are gonna focus on the little female, 203 00:09:28,818 --> 00:09:31,279 and the rest of the group's gonna focus on the little male. 204 00:09:31,779 --> 00:09:33,948 NARRATOR: The bear's body temperature is checked first. 205 00:09:34,031 --> 00:09:36,033 DR. OAKLEY: It's 41. 206 00:09:36,117 --> 00:09:38,578 So, the bear's just a little bit warm. 207 00:09:38,661 --> 00:09:41,205 Their body temperature is maybe a degree lower 208 00:09:41,289 --> 00:09:44,875 than a lot of other mammals, so they run more at 37, whereas, 209 00:09:44,959 --> 00:09:49,297 you know, maybe dogs and moose are more like 38, normally. 210 00:09:50,298 --> 00:09:52,925 So 41 is pretty high. 211 00:09:53,009 --> 00:09:57,054 NARRATOR: At 41 degrees Celsius, or 106 degrees Fahrenheit, 212 00:09:57,138 --> 00:09:59,557 the cubs are dangerously close to overheating. 213 00:10:00,224 --> 00:10:02,143 DR. OAKLEY: They're a little bit stressed, and it's definitely hot out. 214 00:10:02,226 --> 00:10:03,811 So, we're gonna go ahead and start the IV, 215 00:10:03,894 --> 00:10:05,271 and then get right to the surgery, 216 00:10:05,354 --> 00:10:07,732 and we're even gonna pack some ice packs in their groin. 217 00:10:07,815 --> 00:10:10,026 NARRATOR: Placing cold packs near the femoral artery, 218 00:10:10,109 --> 00:10:12,236 which carries a high volume of blood, 219 00:10:12,320 --> 00:10:15,072 is a common technique to fight hyperthermia. 220 00:10:15,489 --> 00:10:17,867 DR. OAKLEY: The temperature is going down, it's 39.9. 221 00:10:17,950 --> 00:10:20,119 JON: Okay. You prep for surgery. 222 00:10:20,202 --> 00:10:21,829 DR. OAKLEY: So, even though the bear is asleep, 223 00:10:21,912 --> 00:10:24,123 they might still feel pain, they would still feel pain, 224 00:10:24,206 --> 00:10:25,708 and it would stimulate them and wake them up. 225 00:10:25,791 --> 00:10:27,460 Alina is going to pull up the block. 226 00:10:27,543 --> 00:10:29,003 Just like when you have a tooth removed 227 00:10:29,086 --> 00:10:31,047 you're given a local so you don't feel it. 228 00:10:31,589 --> 00:10:34,425 NARRATOR: At just a year old, these cubs are still growing. 229 00:10:34,508 --> 00:10:37,637 Rather than put GPS collars on these young siblings, 230 00:10:37,720 --> 00:10:41,349 the team will implant a tracking device into the abdomen. 231 00:10:41,432 --> 00:10:43,976 DR. OAKLEY: So you do about a centimeter below the umbilicus? 232 00:10:44,060 --> 00:10:46,395 ALINA: Yeah, about half a centimeter below the umbilicus. 233 00:10:46,479 --> 00:10:47,938 DR. OAKLEY: Alright. 234 00:10:48,022 --> 00:10:52,193 It's tough to safely put collars on these little guys when they're growing so quickly. 235 00:10:52,276 --> 00:10:56,072 So, it's much easier if with the young bears we just put an implant in. 236 00:10:56,489 --> 00:10:59,367 It's definitely the best way we have right now 237 00:10:59,450 --> 00:11:01,744 to follow these animals to ensure their survival 238 00:11:01,827 --> 00:11:05,206 and to find out more about them so we can conserve them in the wild. 239 00:11:05,831 --> 00:11:08,125 NARRATOR: Once implanted, the tracker will provide 240 00:11:08,209 --> 00:11:10,711 roughly five years of data on their movements. 241 00:11:11,504 --> 00:11:14,256 ALINA: So, it's about four centimeters. DR. OAKLEY: Okay. 242 00:11:14,340 --> 00:11:17,343 The implant looks fairly large, but these cubs are gonna 243 00:11:17,426 --> 00:11:19,303 basically triple in size by fall. 244 00:11:19,387 --> 00:11:21,514 It only weighs a few hundred grams. 245 00:11:21,597 --> 00:11:23,849 And they're not even gonna notice it. 246 00:11:23,933 --> 00:11:26,644 This is the implant. 247 00:11:26,727 --> 00:11:28,896 It's going in. 248 00:11:29,730 --> 00:11:31,440 Kabloop! And that's it. 249 00:11:31,524 --> 00:11:33,275 All we have to do is close it. 250 00:11:33,776 --> 00:11:36,821 NARRATOR: After the sutures, the cubs will undergo 251 00:11:36,904 --> 00:11:40,282 a final check to confirm that these two are a healthy weight. 252 00:11:40,658 --> 00:11:43,160 DR. OAKLEY: 22.0. Looks great. 253 00:11:43,244 --> 00:11:45,204 NARRATOR: And are free of health problems. 254 00:11:45,287 --> 00:11:47,289 DR. OAKLEY: I'll check the vitals one more time. 255 00:11:47,748 --> 00:11:49,709 NARRATOR: Roughly 40 minutes have passed 256 00:11:49,792 --> 00:11:52,002 since the cubs were darted along with their mother. 257 00:11:52,086 --> 00:11:53,546 DR. OAKLEY: 40.2. 258 00:11:53,629 --> 00:11:56,132 NARRATOR: To wake the whole family together, 259 00:11:56,215 --> 00:11:58,926 the cubs must be returned in less than 10 minutes, 260 00:11:59,009 --> 00:12:02,179 and they must remain sedated for the ride. 261 00:12:02,763 --> 00:12:06,642 DR. OAKLEY: The respiration rate has gone up quite a bit up on this one. 262 00:12:06,726 --> 00:12:07,977 I don't know why. 263 00:12:08,060 --> 00:12:09,895 Andrea, the respiration rate is now 40. 264 00:12:10,229 --> 00:12:12,857 Are you waking up? Are you awake? 265 00:12:13,399 --> 00:12:18,028 Even under anesthesia, loud noises or external stimuli can cause an animal to stir. 266 00:12:18,112 --> 00:12:20,656 We're running out of time on the mama's tranquilizer, 267 00:12:20,740 --> 00:12:22,992 so, we gotta get them out of here as fast we can. 268 00:12:25,536 --> 00:12:27,621 Back to your mommy, she'll be worried. 269 00:12:28,122 --> 00:12:30,082 This one's breathing a lot. 270 00:12:30,458 --> 00:12:32,585 I know, baby. 271 00:12:32,668 --> 00:12:34,295 Oh, this one's blinking. 272 00:12:34,837 --> 00:12:37,173 He's starting to blink, so he could wake up 273 00:12:37,256 --> 00:12:40,468 during the ride, and that wouldn't be good for anyone. 274 00:12:40,551 --> 00:12:42,094 Yeah, they're both blinking. 275 00:12:47,057 --> 00:12:49,143 DR. OAKLEY: Yeah, yeah, they're both waking up. 276 00:12:50,686 --> 00:12:53,898 NARRATOR: Two bear cubs are about to be airlifted back to their waiting mother. 277 00:12:54,356 --> 00:12:57,735 But just before liftoff, they start to stir. 278 00:12:57,818 --> 00:12:58,944 ALINA: Yeah. 279 00:12:59,028 --> 00:13:01,405 DR. OAKLEY: With the noise of the helicopter and all the activity, these guys are 280 00:13:01,489 --> 00:13:03,365 starting to come out of the sedation pretty quick. 281 00:13:03,449 --> 00:13:06,035 And you can see they're breathing now, they're breathing heavy. 282 00:13:06,118 --> 00:13:08,037 So, we're gonna give them a little bit of light top-up 283 00:13:08,120 --> 00:13:10,039 that'll give us an extra 15 minutes or so, 284 00:13:10,122 --> 00:13:13,501 which will be just enough time to take them in the helicopter back to where we found them. 285 00:13:13,584 --> 00:13:15,127 ALINA: That's one per kg. 286 00:13:15,211 --> 00:13:17,630 DR. OAKLEY: Yeah, so that will burn off in 15, 20 minutes 287 00:13:17,713 --> 00:13:20,299 anyway, so when he gets the reversal, 288 00:13:20,382 --> 00:13:22,259 it's not going to slow down his recovery, 289 00:13:22,343 --> 00:13:24,553 it's just going to keep him down until he gets back to the mom. 290 00:13:24,929 --> 00:13:26,263 PILOT: And let's go. 291 00:13:26,806 --> 00:13:30,226 NARRATOR: It's been about 45 minutes since their mother was darted. 292 00:13:30,810 --> 00:13:32,436 DR. OAKLEY: Back to mom they go. 293 00:13:32,520 --> 00:13:35,856 NARRATOR: She should be coming around in the next 10 to 15 minutes. 294 00:13:35,940 --> 00:13:39,026 The cubs will wake up shortly after her, 295 00:13:39,902 --> 00:13:41,946 and the family will be reunited. 296 00:13:42,571 --> 00:13:46,033 Michelle and the team also need to keep moving. 297 00:13:46,116 --> 00:13:50,246 Another brown bear family has been located a few miles away. 298 00:13:50,830 --> 00:13:53,749 All three will be brought to the surgery site. 299 00:13:54,291 --> 00:13:56,669 DR. OAKLEY: We've got another sow and two cubs up next. 300 00:13:56,752 --> 00:14:00,381 So, we're gonna transport that whole family unit back to our site, 301 00:14:00,464 --> 00:14:04,426 and there we'll take out the implant from the mom and put implants into each cub. 302 00:14:04,927 --> 00:14:07,429 NARRATOR: The yearling cubs are brought in first, 303 00:14:07,513 --> 00:14:10,683 then Michelle and David go back for the mom, 304 00:14:10,766 --> 00:14:13,310 who was darted in the same area deep in the woods. 305 00:14:13,936 --> 00:14:18,899 DR. OAKLEY: This sow is big, so we're gonna land a few hundred yards away... 306 00:14:18,983 --> 00:14:20,109 DAVID: Thanks. 307 00:14:20,860 --> 00:14:24,113 DR. OAKLEY: And approach slowly to make absolutely sure that she's asleep. 308 00:14:25,406 --> 00:14:26,740 DAVID: Yeah, she's over there. 309 00:14:27,950 --> 00:14:29,451 DAVID: Hoo, hoo! 310 00:14:29,535 --> 00:14:31,745 Hey, hey, hey, hey, hey. 311 00:14:31,829 --> 00:14:33,289 Hey, hey. 312 00:14:36,375 --> 00:14:40,462 DAVID: She has a small reaction but she'll be fine. 313 00:14:41,547 --> 00:14:44,383 NARRATOR: Sedation is just step one. 314 00:14:45,092 --> 00:14:48,137 Now they must put the mother bear into the helicopter. 315 00:14:48,721 --> 00:14:50,180 DAVID: Does that feel okay? 316 00:14:50,264 --> 00:14:51,891 DR. OAKLEY: Yeah, that's okay. DAVID: Okay. 317 00:14:52,892 --> 00:14:56,562 NARRATOR: It's spring, and this young sow is lean from months of hibernation, 318 00:14:57,021 --> 00:14:59,982 but she still weighs about 200 pounds. 319 00:15:00,316 --> 00:15:03,736 DAVID: Yeah, is it heavy? DR. OAKLEY: It's heavy for me! 320 00:15:04,069 --> 00:15:06,447 DR. OAKLEY: Okay. Ugh. 321 00:15:06,780 --> 00:15:08,490 DAVID: Yeah, we'll take a break. 322 00:15:08,574 --> 00:15:10,117 DAVID: Yeah. 323 00:15:10,200 --> 00:15:12,578 Okay, but it could be worse. 324 00:15:15,039 --> 00:15:16,707 Alright. 325 00:15:17,708 --> 00:15:19,418 Okay, on three then. 326 00:15:19,501 --> 00:15:23,422 Ready, one, wait, one, two, three. 327 00:15:28,802 --> 00:15:31,764 DR. OAKLEY (over radio): We've got mama bear, we're inbound in two minutes. 328 00:15:31,847 --> 00:15:33,766 We're going to need people to carry her. 329 00:15:33,849 --> 00:15:35,017 ALINA: Okay. Thank you. 330 00:15:35,100 --> 00:15:37,728 DR. OAKLEY: This sow was caught at the age that her cubs are now. 331 00:15:37,811 --> 00:15:40,147 She's fully grown so we're gonna remove her implant 332 00:15:40,230 --> 00:15:42,858 and switch that up for a GPS radio collar 333 00:15:42,942 --> 00:15:44,610 so we can continue to follow her. 334 00:15:44,944 --> 00:15:47,112 NARRATOR: Jon and his team tend to the cubs. 335 00:15:47,196 --> 00:15:50,699 Michelle preps the mother for implant removal surgery. 336 00:15:51,158 --> 00:15:54,119 DR. OAKLEY: We're checking her color and we're gonna give her oxygen now. 337 00:15:54,703 --> 00:15:56,747 ALINA: And we can roll her on her back. 338 00:15:56,830 --> 00:15:59,750 DR. OAKLEY: One of the things we're looking at with the bears 339 00:15:59,833 --> 00:16:02,086 is how are they doing, how is their body condition. 340 00:16:02,169 --> 00:16:03,921 And that's really important to survival. 341 00:16:04,004 --> 00:16:07,049 These, I swear, are not as long as the ones in the Yukon. 342 00:16:07,383 --> 00:16:10,844 They just seem like they're more curved and not as long. 343 00:16:11,428 --> 00:16:13,305 They look more like a black bear foot, 344 00:16:13,389 --> 00:16:15,140 you know, kind of rounder, shorter claws. 345 00:16:15,224 --> 00:16:19,478 They are technically the same species of brown bear or grizzly bear, 346 00:16:19,561 --> 00:16:23,315 but they look a little bit different in their form and anatomy as well. 347 00:16:23,399 --> 00:16:24,692 Cool. 348 00:16:27,236 --> 00:16:28,737 Oh. 349 00:16:28,821 --> 00:16:30,489 (gasps) There's a wound. 350 00:16:30,572 --> 00:16:32,574 ALINA: Yeah, there's some up here as well. 351 00:16:32,658 --> 00:16:34,201 That's interesting. 352 00:16:34,284 --> 00:16:35,828 DR. OAKLEY: Here's the clippers. 353 00:16:39,915 --> 00:16:41,959 ALINA: 'Cause this doesn't seem to be related to the device, 354 00:16:42,042 --> 00:16:44,878 it might just be her cubs have scratched her or something. 355 00:16:44,962 --> 00:16:47,923 DR. OAKLEY: I mean, they're right there nursing, so maybe they're... 356 00:16:48,007 --> 00:16:50,134 ALINA: They're one years old, so it can be. 357 00:16:50,217 --> 00:16:51,301 DR. OAKLEY: Yeah. 358 00:16:51,385 --> 00:16:53,470 ALINA: But now we open it up, so it's got some air on it 359 00:16:53,554 --> 00:16:56,015 and clean it up, so I think it'll heal quite easily. 360 00:16:56,098 --> 00:16:58,809 DR. OAKLEY: Bear cubs generally nurse for a couple of years, 361 00:16:58,892 --> 00:17:00,686 then her cubs are one year old, 362 00:17:00,769 --> 00:17:02,813 so they're probably the culprit here. 363 00:17:02,896 --> 00:17:06,650 As I'm looking her over, I realize that she's still lactating. 364 00:17:06,734 --> 00:17:08,569 Oh, there's milk coming from this one. 365 00:17:08,652 --> 00:17:10,362 JON: Really? DR. OAKLEY: Yeah, bear milk. 366 00:17:10,446 --> 00:17:12,239 Jon and the crew get pretty excited, 367 00:17:12,322 --> 00:17:13,866 they're like, "Get a sample, collect it." 368 00:17:13,949 --> 00:17:15,492 JON: See if you can squeeze a few drops. 369 00:17:15,576 --> 00:17:18,787 ALINA: This is our first milk sample. DR. OAKLEY: Oh, is it? 370 00:17:18,871 --> 00:17:20,873 JON: First time ever. 371 00:17:20,956 --> 00:17:23,417 DR. OAKLEY: Yeah, this is the first time I've ever milked a bear. 372 00:17:23,500 --> 00:17:25,085 It's very thick. 373 00:17:25,169 --> 00:17:27,629 There is definitely, like, protein and things in there. 374 00:17:27,713 --> 00:17:29,006 It looks really good. 375 00:17:29,089 --> 00:17:30,382 That's really important. 376 00:17:30,466 --> 00:17:32,051 JON: We're gonna measure the lead here. 377 00:17:32,134 --> 00:17:34,219 ALINA: It's gonna be really cool to see how the lead levels 378 00:17:34,303 --> 00:17:36,221 compare between the blood and the milk. 379 00:17:36,889 --> 00:17:41,727 NARRATOR: Brown bears often scavenge moose entrails left behind by local hunters. 380 00:17:41,810 --> 00:17:44,438 It means they also ingest lead from their ammunition. 381 00:17:44,772 --> 00:17:48,233 This milk sample could help the team understand 382 00:17:48,317 --> 00:17:50,986 how much lead mothers are passing on to their cubs. 383 00:17:52,654 --> 00:17:55,532 DR. OAKLEY: There's a lot you can learn from the milk of a bear. 384 00:17:56,575 --> 00:17:59,119 NARRATOR: While Jon continues to work on the cubs, 385 00:17:59,203 --> 00:18:02,247 it's time for Michelle to remove mom's implant. 386 00:18:02,664 --> 00:18:04,708 DR. OAKLEY: Okay. Time for her surgery. 387 00:18:05,209 --> 00:18:11,215 Before I start surgery she'll get a block and some analgesia for, like, post-op pain meds. 388 00:18:11,715 --> 00:18:15,260 But you give it to it before they start surgery because it works better then. 389 00:18:16,053 --> 00:18:18,639 NARRATOR: The first incision is made at the scar 390 00:18:18,722 --> 00:18:21,558 where the implant was inserted about four years ago. 391 00:18:21,892 --> 00:18:24,561 DR. OAKLEY: Oh, it's tough. 392 00:18:24,978 --> 00:18:27,397 NARRATOR: The incision requires enough pressure 393 00:18:27,481 --> 00:18:29,233 to cut through the scar tissue. 394 00:18:29,316 --> 00:18:31,276 But not too much. 395 00:18:31,360 --> 00:18:33,403 DR. OAKLEY: It's really thick. 396 00:18:33,487 --> 00:18:35,239 Holy moly. 397 00:18:35,322 --> 00:18:38,033 If you cut too deep, if you get too aggressive 398 00:18:38,117 --> 00:18:40,577 with your initial cut, you can go right into the abdomen. 399 00:18:40,661 --> 00:18:44,289 And, of course, there's important organs there that can be cut. 400 00:18:44,373 --> 00:18:47,209 So, I'm just trying to find the linea right now, 401 00:18:47,292 --> 00:18:51,171 which is the mid-line and that's in between the muscles, and you want to cut there, 402 00:18:51,255 --> 00:18:54,842 because the healing is much better, it's not as bloody, 403 00:18:54,925 --> 00:18:57,845 there's not as much vessels there, 404 00:18:57,928 --> 00:18:59,930 so you want to actually get that spot. 405 00:19:00,556 --> 00:19:05,144 Yeah, geez Louise, that's so thick. 406 00:19:05,811 --> 00:19:08,564 I think we're gonna have to extend this way maybe, 407 00:19:08,647 --> 00:19:10,983 because, like, the spleen is literally sitting right here. 408 00:19:11,066 --> 00:19:13,360 ALINA: Okay. DR. OAKLEY: So, it's really difficult to... 409 00:19:13,777 --> 00:19:16,822 Now that I'm into her abdomen, I need to find the implant and remove it, 410 00:19:16,905 --> 00:19:18,949 and it's generally quite close to the incision site. 411 00:19:19,032 --> 00:19:20,325 ALINA: Do you feel anything hard? 412 00:19:20,409 --> 00:19:23,412 DR. OAKLEY: Uh-huh. ALINA: Yeah? You got it? DR. OAKLEY: Yeah, it's here! 413 00:19:23,495 --> 00:19:25,164 It's forward, though, and it's slipping away. 414 00:19:25,247 --> 00:19:26,707 ALINA: Okay. 415 00:19:27,207 --> 00:19:30,377 DR. OAKLEY: I found it, but it went shooting forward off my finger. 416 00:19:30,460 --> 00:19:32,921 Okay. Got it again. 417 00:19:33,005 --> 00:19:36,675 Someone could reach under and push it back. 418 00:19:36,758 --> 00:19:38,719 ALINA: Yeah, can you... WOMAN: Right here? 419 00:19:38,802 --> 00:19:40,762 DR. OAKLEY: Yeah, like, yeah, you're touching it. 420 00:19:40,846 --> 00:19:42,014 Oh, you're doing great. 421 00:19:42,097 --> 00:19:43,640 Push it back. 422 00:19:44,016 --> 00:19:45,726 We're running out of time, and I don't want to have to give her 423 00:19:45,809 --> 00:19:47,644 any more drugs or prolong the anesthesia. 424 00:19:47,728 --> 00:19:49,229 JON: Are you able to get your hand in? 425 00:19:49,313 --> 00:19:50,898 DR. OAKLEY: I can feel it down there. 426 00:19:54,443 --> 00:19:56,528 Oh, it's forward. Oh, come on. 427 00:20:00,365 --> 00:20:02,743 DR. OAKLEY: Maybe Alina can. Your hands are smaller. 428 00:20:02,826 --> 00:20:04,244 It's right here. 429 00:20:04,661 --> 00:20:06,496 It's, maybe you gotta go this way, though. 430 00:20:06,580 --> 00:20:08,665 ALINA: It's quite small. DR. OAKLEY: Yeah. 431 00:20:08,749 --> 00:20:11,710 ALINA: There it is. You see it? 432 00:20:11,793 --> 00:20:13,253 DR. OAKLEY: Yeah. 433 00:20:13,337 --> 00:20:15,172 We don't want this implant going in any deeper, 434 00:20:15,255 --> 00:20:17,883 so I'm just gonna try and gently move it up closer 435 00:20:17,966 --> 00:20:20,928 to the incision site so Alina can grab it and remove it 436 00:20:21,011 --> 00:20:22,888 without us damaging any tissues. 437 00:20:22,971 --> 00:20:24,640 ALINA: There it is. 438 00:20:24,723 --> 00:20:26,433 Nice! 439 00:20:26,516 --> 00:20:28,018 Lovely! 440 00:20:28,101 --> 00:20:29,770 DR. OAKLEY: The implant looks fairly large. 441 00:20:29,853 --> 00:20:32,439 But it's very light, it only weighs a couple hundred grams. 442 00:20:32,522 --> 00:20:35,859 NARRATOR: Because she's no longer growing like an adolescent, 443 00:20:35,943 --> 00:20:38,445 mom can now wear a tracking collar. 444 00:20:38,904 --> 00:20:41,865 DR. OAKLEY: Using these implants early in a bear's life 445 00:20:41,949 --> 00:20:44,201 and then switching to a collar is a really good idea. 446 00:20:44,284 --> 00:20:47,287 Then the animal is handled the least amount of times as possible, 447 00:20:47,371 --> 00:20:49,706 and it's much better for the welfare of the animal. 448 00:20:49,790 --> 00:20:52,751 Okay. I'll close her up. 449 00:20:52,834 --> 00:20:54,044 ALINA: Yeah. 450 00:20:54,127 --> 00:20:56,296 NARRATOR: Mama bear is almost finished 451 00:20:56,380 --> 00:20:58,632 and her cubs are now out of surgery, 452 00:20:58,715 --> 00:21:00,884 keeping cool in the shade nearby. 453 00:21:01,301 --> 00:21:02,803 DR. OAKLEY: Yeah, that went well. 454 00:21:02,886 --> 00:21:05,806 Everything went great, but now it's time to wake everybody up. 455 00:21:05,889 --> 00:21:08,475 So we put them in a safe spot, give them the reversal. 456 00:21:08,558 --> 00:21:10,644 As I'm giving the reversal to the first cub, 457 00:21:10,727 --> 00:21:13,438 he's already kind of blinking his eyes a little bit. 458 00:21:13,522 --> 00:21:15,732 This guy's blinking already, so. 459 00:21:15,816 --> 00:21:18,402 So, the cubs will likely wake up first, 460 00:21:18,485 --> 00:21:21,238 but they'll stick around with the mom until she comes around. 461 00:21:21,321 --> 00:21:22,781 That's cool, hey? 462 00:21:22,864 --> 00:21:25,367 SHANE: Yeah. DR. OAKLEY: Mama and their two bears! 463 00:21:25,450 --> 00:21:27,119 SHANE: Mama and two bears. 464 00:21:27,202 --> 00:21:28,704 DR. OAKLEY: Amazing. SHANE: Yeah. 465 00:21:28,787 --> 00:21:30,330 DR. OAKLEY: If we could take this science back home, 466 00:21:30,414 --> 00:21:31,748 it could really help us understand 467 00:21:31,832 --> 00:21:34,293 about bear populations and help us get them to grow 468 00:21:34,376 --> 00:21:36,920 in North America like they are in Scandinavia. 469 00:21:37,254 --> 00:21:39,589 Okay, time to get up. 470 00:21:41,008 --> 00:21:43,302 NARRATOR: 4,000 miles later, 471 00:21:43,385 --> 00:21:46,138 Michelle is back in Haines, Alaska, 472 00:21:46,221 --> 00:21:48,807 at the American Bald Eagle Foundation. 473 00:21:49,141 --> 00:21:50,726 DR. OAKLEY: Wait, wait! 474 00:21:50,809 --> 00:21:52,644 NARRATOR: Where the cases have been stacking up. 475 00:21:52,728 --> 00:21:54,896 DR. OAKLEY: Good girl. We're all done poking you. 476 00:21:54,980 --> 00:21:57,357 Oopsie, hi, oh, hi, Pixie. 477 00:21:57,441 --> 00:22:00,068 (growling) Pancho, Pancho, it's okay, love. 478 00:22:00,152 --> 00:22:02,070 It's okay. Good boy. 479 00:22:02,154 --> 00:22:04,072 Let's just give him his poke. 480 00:22:04,156 --> 00:22:06,283 MAN: Alright. WOMAN: Thank you. 481 00:22:06,366 --> 00:22:08,076 DR. OAKLEY: Alright, thanks, guys, see you later. 482 00:22:08,827 --> 00:22:12,914 NARRATOR: Including Barney, a dog with a mysterious and persistent eye problem. 483 00:22:13,290 --> 00:22:17,627 DAVID: We bought him out of the pound in Whitehorse, Yukon, 13 years ago. 484 00:22:17,711 --> 00:22:19,671 He's just like one of my kids. 485 00:22:19,755 --> 00:22:22,049 He's the best dog I've ever had. 486 00:22:22,132 --> 00:22:24,343 Yeah, I know. You're okay. 487 00:22:24,426 --> 00:22:27,721 NARRATOR: Barney's left eye is nearly swollen shut, 488 00:22:27,804 --> 00:22:31,016 and has been for weeks, despite previous treatment. 489 00:22:31,725 --> 00:22:34,144 A doctor in Juneau removed an abscessed tooth 490 00:22:34,227 --> 00:22:36,396 suspected of putting pressure on the eye. 491 00:22:37,022 --> 00:22:41,360 The swelling has not gone away, so David is looking for answers. 492 00:22:41,860 --> 00:22:45,864 DAVID: We're just hoping to get a good diagnosis of what's causing the problem. 493 00:22:45,947 --> 00:22:48,367 He hasn't lost his vision yet, 494 00:22:48,450 --> 00:22:52,120 but I noticed he's losing his depth perception a little bit, 495 00:22:52,204 --> 00:22:55,207 and he stumbles a little bit, so that's not a good sign. 496 00:22:55,624 --> 00:22:57,667 DR. OAKLEY: Hi! David, come on in. DAVID: Good morning. 497 00:22:57,751 --> 00:23:00,462 DR. OAKLEY: Barney and Dave are definitely buds. 498 00:23:00,545 --> 00:23:01,880 DAVID: Hey. DR. OAKLEY: Hi, Barney. 499 00:23:01,963 --> 00:23:03,465 DAVID: It's okay, Barney. DR. OAKLEY: How are ya? 500 00:23:03,548 --> 00:23:05,967 DR. OAKLEY: He's a special little dog and he means a lot to Dave, 501 00:23:06,051 --> 00:23:08,345 so, I definitely want to be able to help him out 502 00:23:08,428 --> 00:23:10,722 because this eye looks really serious. 503 00:23:10,806 --> 00:23:13,225 So, let's have a look at you, little guy. 504 00:23:13,767 --> 00:23:18,146 DR. OAKLEY (off-screen): The first thing you notice with Barney is that his left eye 505 00:23:18,230 --> 00:23:21,233 is not looking back at you normally. 506 00:23:21,566 --> 00:23:24,778 If you look a little more closely, you can see that there's actually swelling 507 00:23:24,861 --> 00:23:26,363 below the eye and above the eye, 508 00:23:26,446 --> 00:23:28,615 kind of his whole temple is sort of pushed out with swelling. 509 00:23:28,698 --> 00:23:30,867 Do you remember when this started roughly? 510 00:23:30,951 --> 00:23:33,412 DAVID: Good two weeks now, two and a half weeks. 511 00:23:33,495 --> 00:23:34,830 DR. OAKLEY: Two and half weeks, okay. 512 00:23:34,913 --> 00:23:36,790 DAVID: After they pulled his tooth, 513 00:23:36,873 --> 00:23:40,460 then he got his energy back and he started eating again, 514 00:23:40,544 --> 00:23:42,379 and he seems to be happy. 515 00:23:42,462 --> 00:23:43,755 DR. OAKLEY: Okay, good. 516 00:23:43,839 --> 00:23:46,007 So when you have an eye that looks like it's bulging out 517 00:23:46,091 --> 00:23:48,093 or maybe even being pushed out a bit, 518 00:23:48,176 --> 00:23:49,761 that could be a problem of the eye, 519 00:23:49,845 --> 00:23:51,972 but you also have to consider sinuses 520 00:23:52,055 --> 00:23:54,433 and what the structures that are right below it. 521 00:23:54,516 --> 00:23:57,310 An eye that's bulging could also be being pushed out, 522 00:23:57,394 --> 00:23:59,688 because there's an infection behind the eye 523 00:23:59,771 --> 00:24:01,731 what's called retrobulbar abscess. 524 00:24:01,815 --> 00:24:04,401 So you can get an abscess that's actually behind the eyeball 525 00:24:04,484 --> 00:24:06,570 that could've affected the tooth, 526 00:24:06,653 --> 00:24:08,613 but that might not have been the original cause. 527 00:24:08,697 --> 00:24:09,823 DAVID: Mm-hmm. 528 00:24:09,906 --> 00:24:12,701 DR. OAKLEY: And so the hope really is that it's just an abscessed tooth, 529 00:24:12,784 --> 00:24:15,328 and the swelling is because of ongoing infection 530 00:24:15,412 --> 00:24:17,205 that maybe wasn't treated initially, 531 00:24:17,289 --> 00:24:22,502 so I'm gonna aspirate it to see if I can get either any cells or any pus or debris out. 532 00:24:22,586 --> 00:24:24,671 And then see what we can do for him. 533 00:24:24,754 --> 00:24:27,215 I'll have a look on a microscope and see if I can tell from there. 534 00:24:27,299 --> 00:24:30,135 DAVID: Mm-hmm. Okay. DR. OAKLEY: It'll be about 20 minutes to a half hour, okay? 535 00:24:30,218 --> 00:24:32,387 DAVID: Okay. DR. OAKLEY: Alright. Thanks. KELLYN: Hey, Barney. 536 00:24:32,471 --> 00:24:34,347 DR. OAKLEY: Sorry about this, Barney. 537 00:24:34,431 --> 00:24:36,558 Oh, sorry, buddy. 538 00:24:36,641 --> 00:24:38,351 Good boy. 539 00:24:39,728 --> 00:24:42,147 NARRATOR: The ultrasound can help locate the best spot 540 00:24:42,230 --> 00:24:44,608 to draw out a sample for inspection. 541 00:24:45,317 --> 00:24:47,736 DR. OAKLEY: I do think I see a pocket there. 542 00:24:50,572 --> 00:24:52,866 I do see more of a fluid pocket there. 543 00:24:55,035 --> 00:24:59,206 Looks mostly tissue-y, unfortunately. 544 00:24:59,289 --> 00:25:00,665 Okay. 545 00:25:00,749 --> 00:25:02,584 So, you want to turn him that way. 546 00:25:04,586 --> 00:25:07,589 NARRATOR: This test should quickly determine whether Barney's condition 547 00:25:07,672 --> 00:25:10,717 is due to infection or something else entirely. 548 00:25:11,134 --> 00:25:13,345 DR. OAKLEY: You're being fabulous. 549 00:25:15,430 --> 00:25:19,017 DR. OAKLEY (off-screen): I just put the needle in, pull back a bit on the syringe 550 00:25:19,100 --> 00:25:22,145 to pull some of the tissue out so I can look on a slide, 551 00:25:22,229 --> 00:25:25,357 and hopefully, I don't see signs of malignancy 552 00:25:25,440 --> 00:25:28,109 or any kind of abnormal cells that shouldn't be there. 553 00:25:28,193 --> 00:25:30,612 Oh, no. 554 00:25:36,451 --> 00:25:40,121 NARRATOR: Barney the bear dog mix has some troubling swelling around his eye. 555 00:25:40,872 --> 00:25:46,169 With a sample on the slide, Dr. Oakley looks for any cellular abnormalities. 556 00:25:46,503 --> 00:25:48,171 DR. OAKLEY: I'm hoping that I see, you know, 557 00:25:48,255 --> 00:25:50,757 a lot of active white blood cells with bacteria 558 00:25:50,840 --> 00:25:53,718 and, you know, signs of really active infection. 559 00:25:54,094 --> 00:25:55,804 And I don't see that at all. 560 00:25:55,887 --> 00:25:59,683 I just see a lot of weird clumps of bone cells that shouldn't be there at all. 561 00:25:59,766 --> 00:26:02,811 Okay, some of these look sort of normal, 562 00:26:02,894 --> 00:26:04,729 and some look like they're just way too active, 563 00:26:04,813 --> 00:26:06,648 like a lot of division going on. 564 00:26:06,731 --> 00:26:10,694 I should not be seeing bone cells in an aspirate of a soft tissue. 565 00:26:11,027 --> 00:26:14,030 NARRATOR: The presence of bone cells in a soft tissue sample 566 00:26:14,114 --> 00:26:16,950 could indicate deterioration of the skull around the eye; 567 00:26:17,033 --> 00:26:19,369 more than a simple infection. 568 00:26:19,452 --> 00:26:23,582 DR. OAKLEY: But it's always best to have a pathologist look at what I've pulled here. 569 00:26:23,999 --> 00:26:26,251 Okay. I think your dad's here. 570 00:26:26,334 --> 00:26:27,669 Do you want to see him? 571 00:26:27,752 --> 00:26:29,462 Yes, you do. Let's get him. 572 00:26:29,796 --> 00:26:31,756 Hi, David, you want to come in? 573 00:26:31,840 --> 00:26:34,426 What I'd like to do is just make sure that these cells 574 00:26:34,509 --> 00:26:36,720 aren't something like a tumor, because if they are, 575 00:26:36,803 --> 00:26:39,556 it's kind of, that changes everything how we'd approach it. 576 00:26:39,639 --> 00:26:41,349 The best treatment he's getting right now 577 00:26:41,433 --> 00:26:43,310 are the antibiotics which you're giving him twice a day. 578 00:26:43,393 --> 00:26:46,855 I'm gonna add an anti-inflammatory to that, and then I'll give you a call 579 00:26:46,938 --> 00:26:49,733 when I find out about these pictures I took of the slides. 580 00:26:49,816 --> 00:26:53,612 I know he wants to hear better news, which is it's just an abscess, 581 00:26:53,695 --> 00:26:55,530 and we just need to give it antibiotics. 582 00:26:55,614 --> 00:26:57,949 And we're certainly going to try that route. 583 00:26:58,033 --> 00:27:00,577 But I'm not 100% convinced that that's all we're dealing with. 584 00:27:00,660 --> 00:27:03,705 DAVID: I think you could say he's probably a pretty good little patient. 585 00:27:03,788 --> 00:27:05,665 DR. OAKLEY: Good boy! You're very forgiving! 586 00:27:05,749 --> 00:27:07,584 Yes, you are. All the poking. 587 00:27:07,667 --> 00:27:10,962 DAVID: So we'll hope for the best that he can find what the problem is. 588 00:27:11,046 --> 00:27:13,089 DR. OAKLEY: We'll be in touch tomorrow for sure. DAVID: Alrighty. 589 00:27:17,677 --> 00:27:20,805 NARRATOR: Dr. Oakley's next patient is an in-house resident 590 00:27:20,889 --> 00:27:23,141 at the American Bald Eagle Foundation. 591 00:27:23,224 --> 00:27:25,310 Warrior, the red-tailed hawk. 592 00:27:26,019 --> 00:27:28,021 SIDNEY: Warrior's been part of our team for eight years. 593 00:27:28,104 --> 00:27:29,856 He came to us from Alabama. 594 00:27:30,190 --> 00:27:32,942 NARRATOR: Warrior has a severely scarred left cornea. 595 00:27:33,026 --> 00:27:34,778 DR. OAKLEY: Hey, Warrior. 596 00:27:34,861 --> 00:27:36,863 NARRATOR: Without proper vision in both eyes, 597 00:27:36,946 --> 00:27:39,240 he cannot survive in the wild. 598 00:27:39,658 --> 00:27:42,619 SIDNEY: Today we are doing his biannual wellness check-up. 599 00:27:42,702 --> 00:27:46,831 NARRATOR: Life in captivity requires a little extra care for this raptor. 600 00:27:47,624 --> 00:27:50,335 DR. OAKLEY: You've heard of manscaping, well, Warrior needs a little bit of 601 00:27:50,418 --> 00:27:52,462 "hawkscaping" on his beak and talons. 602 00:27:52,879 --> 00:27:54,881 It's his beaky-pedi going on here. 603 00:27:54,964 --> 00:27:56,508 SIDNEY: Beaky-pedi, yeah. DR. OAKLEY: Yeah. 604 00:27:56,591 --> 00:27:58,093 DR. OAKLEY: Alright, bud. 605 00:27:58,176 --> 00:27:59,678 There you go. 606 00:27:59,761 --> 00:28:01,054 We use a grinding tool. 607 00:28:01,137 --> 00:28:02,847 It makes a lot of noise, but it's quick, 608 00:28:02,931 --> 00:28:05,558 and with a hood on, he feels in the dark and safe. 609 00:28:07,185 --> 00:28:10,146 (tool whirring) 610 00:28:11,022 --> 00:28:14,109 DR. OAKLEY: So this doesn't hurt at all, it's just basically keeping him 611 00:28:14,192 --> 00:28:17,070 trimmed down because he's not wearing them down enough. 612 00:28:17,153 --> 00:28:18,238 SIDNEY: Awesome. 613 00:28:21,616 --> 00:28:23,451 DR. OAKLEY: That looks better. 614 00:28:26,996 --> 00:28:28,665 DR. OAKLEY: Let's have a peak. 615 00:28:29,165 --> 00:28:31,292 NARRATOR: Up until this point, 616 00:28:31,376 --> 00:28:33,878 the hood on his head has kept Warrior calm. 617 00:28:34,379 --> 00:28:37,507 But to check his eyes and ears for any injuries or infection, 618 00:28:37,590 --> 00:28:40,635 Michelle will need to take away that security blanket. 619 00:28:40,719 --> 00:28:42,762 SIDNEY: Hi, handsome! 620 00:28:42,846 --> 00:28:44,681 (chirping) Oh, it's okay! 621 00:28:44,764 --> 00:28:46,558 DR. OAKLEY: I know, I know. I'm sorry. 622 00:28:46,641 --> 00:28:49,269 Okay. 623 00:28:49,352 --> 00:28:51,771 Looks lovely. 624 00:28:51,855 --> 00:28:53,732 Okay, that looks good. 625 00:28:54,065 --> 00:28:56,651 I'm gonna have a look at the ear on this side. 626 00:28:56,735 --> 00:28:58,486 Lovely and... 627 00:28:58,570 --> 00:29:01,406 SIDNEY: Clean ears. DR. OAKLEY: Super cute and clean. 628 00:29:01,489 --> 00:29:03,700 DR. OAKLEY: That beak looks fabulous. 629 00:29:03,783 --> 00:29:05,994 SIDNEY: Oh, thank you. DR. OAKLEY: Much better. 630 00:29:06,578 --> 00:29:07,996 NARRATOR: Warrior is free to go. 631 00:29:08,079 --> 00:29:09,664 SIDNEY: Alright. He's good to go. 632 00:29:09,748 --> 00:29:11,916 SIDNEY: Let's go home. DR. OAKLEY: Bye, Warrior. 633 00:29:13,334 --> 00:29:16,129 SIDNEY: Dr. Oakley says that Warrior gets a clean bill of health, 634 00:29:16,212 --> 00:29:17,714 which always makes me feel great. 635 00:29:17,797 --> 00:29:21,176 Lets me know that we're achieving the high standards we want to. 636 00:29:23,970 --> 00:29:25,680 (squawk) 637 00:29:27,182 --> 00:29:31,311 NARRATOR: It's been almost a week since Barney was in the clinic 638 00:29:31,394 --> 00:29:33,188 to test the lump around his eye. 639 00:29:33,271 --> 00:29:34,439 DR. OAKLEY: Hmm. 640 00:29:34,522 --> 00:29:38,026 NARRATOR: An initial look showed some abnormalities that called for more testing. 641 00:29:38,109 --> 00:29:40,069 DR. OAKLEY: A lot of division going on. 642 00:29:42,322 --> 00:29:45,492 (phone ringing) 643 00:29:49,329 --> 00:29:52,332 DR. OAKLEY: Hi, Dave. I was just calling actually to see how Barney's doing. 644 00:29:52,415 --> 00:29:54,667 DAVID (over phone): His eye has actually gotten... 645 00:29:54,751 --> 00:29:56,085 ...quite a bit worse. 646 00:29:56,169 --> 00:29:59,255 He's just had a narrow little slit 647 00:29:59,339 --> 00:30:04,302 near the upper outside part of his eye. 648 00:30:04,385 --> 00:30:05,929 DR. OAKLEY: Darn it. Mm-hmm. 649 00:30:06,012 --> 00:30:08,181 Well, I had some concerning reports back on that slide. 650 00:30:08,264 --> 00:30:09,474 DAVID (over phone): Uh-huh. 651 00:30:09,557 --> 00:30:11,935 DR. OAKLEY: And two different ones told me they thought some of the cells 652 00:30:12,018 --> 00:30:14,938 looked concerning, like they could be cancer cells. 653 00:30:15,021 --> 00:30:17,482 DR. OAKLEY (off-screen): It's not an easy one to diagnose. 654 00:30:17,565 --> 00:30:20,568 Two different pathologists thought it looked like actual, 655 00:30:20,652 --> 00:30:22,403 what's called an osteosarcoma. 656 00:30:22,487 --> 00:30:24,489 An osteosarcoma is often like a hard mass, 657 00:30:24,572 --> 00:30:27,200 but it can have different presentations. 658 00:30:27,742 --> 00:30:30,703 NARRATOR: Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone cancer. 659 00:30:30,787 --> 00:30:32,997 Before making that diagnosis, 660 00:30:33,081 --> 00:30:36,584 Dr. Oakley needs to take another look at Barney at the clinic. 661 00:30:37,126 --> 00:30:39,629 DAVID (off-screen): He's feeling fine, just that his eye won't heal up. 662 00:30:39,712 --> 00:30:42,966 And the swelling's not really going down. 663 00:30:43,591 --> 00:30:45,677 DR. OAKLEY: Hello, Barney! Come on in. 664 00:30:45,760 --> 00:30:47,929 Wagging your tail, that's nice! 665 00:30:48,012 --> 00:30:50,181 Come here, little pumpkin. 666 00:30:50,265 --> 00:30:51,474 DAVID: Okay. Alright. 667 00:30:51,558 --> 00:30:53,434 DR. OAKLEY: Let's put you up on the table. Alrighty. 668 00:30:53,518 --> 00:30:55,645 Barney still looks bright and happy, 669 00:30:55,728 --> 00:31:00,817 but the swelling is continuing to grow at a pretty alarming rate. 670 00:31:01,276 --> 00:31:03,778 As I mentioned, the news I got was not good. 671 00:31:03,862 --> 00:31:06,656 The pathologist said it looked like they could be cancer cells. 672 00:31:06,739 --> 00:31:08,992 DAVID: Personally, I think it's an abscess. 673 00:31:09,075 --> 00:31:11,077 DR. OAKLEY: My heart is, is breaking right now. 674 00:31:11,160 --> 00:31:13,329 I've been trying to explain what I think is going on, 675 00:31:13,413 --> 00:31:14,956 and I know Dave's trying to be optimistic, 676 00:31:15,039 --> 00:31:18,751 which is great, but I don't know if he's hearing what I'm saying right now. 677 00:31:18,835 --> 00:31:23,298 NARRATOR: Radiography can help Michelle provide answers for Barney, and for David. 678 00:31:23,381 --> 00:31:25,008 DR. OAKLEY: This won't hurt, no. 679 00:31:25,091 --> 00:31:28,177 We just have to try and talk you into laying still for a second, that's all. 680 00:31:28,261 --> 00:31:30,680 I know it's scary, but this one, I won't poke you. 681 00:31:30,763 --> 00:31:32,682 You can step out, Dave, 682 00:31:32,765 --> 00:31:34,934 and then we'll just be a couple seconds, okay? 683 00:31:35,351 --> 00:31:38,229 NARRATOR: If the bone around Barney's eye is compromised 684 00:31:38,313 --> 00:31:41,190 by cancer, like the slide sample suggests, 685 00:31:41,274 --> 00:31:43,276 it should show up on an x-ray. 686 00:31:44,110 --> 00:31:45,403 (beep) 687 00:31:47,614 --> 00:31:49,282 DR. OAKLEY: Alright, Barney! 688 00:31:49,365 --> 00:31:50,867 Such a good boy! 689 00:31:50,950 --> 00:31:53,411 Such a good boy. Yes, you are. 690 00:31:53,494 --> 00:31:56,456 You're so good! You're so good. 691 00:31:56,539 --> 00:31:59,417 Okay, so, we took some pictures. 692 00:31:59,500 --> 00:32:01,961 Those are the two eye sockets there. 693 00:32:02,045 --> 00:32:04,797 So you can see the big swelling on this side where the one eye is. 694 00:32:04,881 --> 00:32:06,466 DAVID: Oh, yeah. DR. OAKLEY: So this is the bone, 695 00:32:06,549 --> 00:32:08,843 like, his cheekbones, kind of destroyed and eaten up. 696 00:32:08,927 --> 00:32:11,679 That is more like the action of a tumor from what I've seen. 697 00:32:11,763 --> 00:32:14,682 Same with the, like, all along here, 698 00:32:14,766 --> 00:32:16,643 it's looking like all eaten up. 699 00:32:16,726 --> 00:32:19,312 And I'm not convinced that that's just infection. 700 00:32:19,395 --> 00:32:21,439 DAVID: So would this actually be the tumor itself? 701 00:32:21,522 --> 00:32:23,274 DR. OAKLEY: That, that, all that tissue, 702 00:32:23,358 --> 00:32:26,361 I think is the tumor itself, it's bulging out above, it's bulging out below. 703 00:32:26,444 --> 00:32:27,779 I think it's all tumor. 704 00:32:27,862 --> 00:32:30,740 DAVID: So that's not looking too good, then. DR. OAKLEY: No, it's not. 705 00:32:31,115 --> 00:32:32,825 NARRATOR: Barney's tumor is so large, 706 00:32:32,909 --> 00:32:35,703 trying to remove it would be extremely risky. 707 00:32:35,787 --> 00:32:39,624 DR. OAKLEY: To de-bulk that tumor at this point, it's a big, big surgery. 708 00:32:39,707 --> 00:32:43,336 It's an aggressive tumor, and de-bulking might be for nothing. 709 00:32:43,419 --> 00:32:44,963 DAVID: Okay. 710 00:32:45,046 --> 00:32:48,216 DR. OAKLEY (off-screen): It's gonna be palliative care at this point. 711 00:32:48,299 --> 00:32:50,343 The best way to keep him comfortable 712 00:32:50,426 --> 00:32:54,013 is to give him the steroid, and that's what he needs right now. 713 00:32:54,097 --> 00:32:56,224 That and lots of love from Dave. 714 00:32:56,307 --> 00:32:57,767 DAVID: Jump! 715 00:32:58,184 --> 00:32:59,852 Well, he's my partner. 716 00:32:59,936 --> 00:33:01,562 My best partner. 717 00:33:02,855 --> 00:33:04,399 Alright, good dog. 718 00:33:06,192 --> 00:33:07,819 NARRATOR: When the clinic is open, 719 00:33:07,902 --> 00:33:10,446 most of Dr. Oakley's patients show up on leashes, 720 00:33:10,530 --> 00:33:12,699 or in the arms of their owners. 721 00:33:12,782 --> 00:33:15,785 Michelle's next special patient has arrived in a cardboard box, 722 00:33:15,868 --> 00:33:18,871 which is fitting for a box turtle. 723 00:33:19,497 --> 00:33:21,124 RAMIE: I know that he's pretty old. 724 00:33:21,207 --> 00:33:23,543 I mean, the guy that I got him from 725 00:33:23,626 --> 00:33:25,878 said that he had been passed down for at least 30 years. 726 00:33:25,962 --> 00:33:28,589 DR. OAKLEY: Okay. Aww! RAMIE: So he's old, yeah. 727 00:33:28,923 --> 00:33:30,717 His name is Frank-Hank. 728 00:33:30,800 --> 00:33:33,970 My daughter named him and the name just stuck. 729 00:33:34,595 --> 00:33:37,473 NARRATOR: But Frank-Hank is more than just a family pet; 730 00:33:37,557 --> 00:33:39,434 he's a teacher's pet. 731 00:33:39,517 --> 00:33:43,146 RAMIE: I'm a kindergarten teacher, and the turtle is our class pet. 732 00:33:43,229 --> 00:33:46,149 He's a fun little critter to have around. 733 00:33:46,482 --> 00:33:48,026 NARRATOR: But recently... 734 00:33:48,109 --> 00:33:49,444 DR. OAKLEY: Oh. 735 00:33:49,527 --> 00:33:51,154 NARRATOR: Frank-Hank has something 736 00:33:51,237 --> 00:33:53,990 poking out of the back of his shell that shouldn't be there. 737 00:33:54,407 --> 00:33:57,201 DR. OAKLEY: In general, Frank's shell doesn't look that great. 738 00:33:57,285 --> 00:34:00,621 He just doesn't look like a vibrant, healthy box turtle. 739 00:34:01,622 --> 00:34:04,917 NARRATOR: Box turtles are easily stressed when put in a new environment. 740 00:34:05,001 --> 00:34:07,003 DR. OAKLEY: Let's try a couple of these. 741 00:34:07,420 --> 00:34:10,715 NARRATOR: But the promise of a snack might coax this one out. 742 00:34:11,466 --> 00:34:13,718 RAMIE: Slow, but sure. DR. OAKLEY: Mm-hmm. 743 00:34:14,302 --> 00:34:18,139 NARRATOR: Finally emerging, Frank-Hank reveals a colorful surprise. 744 00:34:18,222 --> 00:34:20,641 DR. OAKLEY: That's weird. 745 00:34:22,351 --> 00:34:24,604 It's, like, yellow with, like... 746 00:34:24,687 --> 00:34:27,648 RAMIE: The red. DR. OAKLEY: Orangish. Yeah, so. 747 00:34:27,732 --> 00:34:31,027 So, as I'm having a look at Frank's eyes 748 00:34:31,110 --> 00:34:34,989 and his beak, I notice that his eyes are actually more yellow than red. 749 00:34:35,073 --> 00:34:38,743 His eyes are yellow, and so that makes me suspicious it's a she, not a he. 750 00:34:38,826 --> 00:34:40,161 RAMIE: Oh, okay! 751 00:34:40,244 --> 00:34:42,121 DR. OAKLEY: Box turtles usually the males have a red, 752 00:34:42,205 --> 00:34:45,500 a red iris, but the females have the yellow or brown. 753 00:34:45,583 --> 00:34:47,627 Usually the other way you can tell 754 00:34:47,710 --> 00:34:50,922 is they have kind of a flat bottom of their shell, 755 00:34:51,005 --> 00:34:52,924 and the males usually have more of a divot. 756 00:34:53,007 --> 00:34:55,802 So I think Frank might be a Frankie. 757 00:34:56,135 --> 00:34:59,013 NARRATOR: With this new information about Frankie's sex, 758 00:34:59,097 --> 00:35:02,183 the investigation into what's wrong with her takes a turn. 759 00:35:02,767 --> 00:35:06,479 DR. OAKLEY: I'm thinking the protrusion in the back of Frank's shell is a prolapse. 760 00:35:06,562 --> 00:35:10,274 But that same deficiency can also cause egg binding in females. 761 00:35:10,650 --> 00:35:12,777 When they're trying to actually lay eggs 762 00:35:12,860 --> 00:35:16,447 and they don't have the proper calcium balance for their muscles to work 763 00:35:16,531 --> 00:35:18,783 and to get the eggs fully formed and out. 764 00:35:18,866 --> 00:35:23,079 They might just be making eggs and ready to lay them, but they are egg-bound. 765 00:35:23,162 --> 00:35:24,956 They are not able to get them out. 766 00:35:25,039 --> 00:35:28,459 NARRATOR: Captive box turtles can produce up to eight eggs at a time. 767 00:35:28,543 --> 00:35:31,337 A serious obstruction could prove fatal. 768 00:35:31,838 --> 00:35:34,423 An x-ray will quickly show any blockage. 769 00:35:34,507 --> 00:35:36,759 DR. OAKLEY: If you want to come after school and grab her, 770 00:35:36,843 --> 00:35:38,469 we'll have some answers hopefully. 771 00:35:38,553 --> 00:35:40,263 RAMIE: Okay, that sounds good! DR. OAKLEY: Okay, alright. 772 00:35:40,346 --> 00:35:42,223 DR. OAKLEY: If there's egg binding, 773 00:35:42,306 --> 00:35:44,934 sometimes you have to do surgery to get all the eggs out, 774 00:35:45,017 --> 00:35:48,271 and that can be a really difficult process, especially hard on the turtle. 775 00:35:48,354 --> 00:35:50,481 I'm hoping that's not what we're dealing with. 776 00:35:50,565 --> 00:35:52,817 I'm gonna take a quick x-ray... (beep) 777 00:35:52,900 --> 00:35:54,485 then we can have a peek inside. 778 00:35:54,569 --> 00:35:55,611 Hmm. 779 00:35:58,739 --> 00:36:01,033 NARRATOR: Frank-Hank is a 30-year-old box turtle. 780 00:36:01,117 --> 00:36:02,869 DR. OAKLEY: Hmm. 781 00:36:02,952 --> 00:36:05,079 NARRATOR: A protrusion from the rear of her shell 782 00:36:05,163 --> 00:36:09,250 may indicate egg binding, a condition that could be fatal. 783 00:36:09,333 --> 00:36:10,877 DR. OAKLEY: I don't see eggs. 784 00:36:10,960 --> 00:36:13,171 No eggs on the "eggs-ray." 785 00:36:13,588 --> 00:36:15,548 NARRATOR: That's good news, 786 00:36:15,631 --> 00:36:17,967 but the image reveals a different problem. 787 00:36:18,467 --> 00:36:20,595 DR. OAKLEY: If you look just even the shape of the leg bones. 788 00:36:20,678 --> 00:36:21,888 KELLYN: Yeah. DR. OAKLEY: It's really strange. 789 00:36:21,971 --> 00:36:24,557 DR. OAKLEY: The bone density in general is pretty, pretty bad. 790 00:36:24,640 --> 00:36:26,642 You can see where the leg bones are, 791 00:36:26,726 --> 00:36:29,228 but they're very thin and sort of hard to see. 792 00:36:29,312 --> 00:36:31,981 So it's definitely a calcium issue, they're not well-calcified. 793 00:36:34,233 --> 00:36:35,484 Poor little thing. 794 00:36:36,152 --> 00:36:37,820 NARRATOR: To give Frankie an immediate boost 795 00:36:37,904 --> 00:36:41,282 toward recovery, Michelle prepares a calcium injection. 796 00:36:41,741 --> 00:36:44,327 DR. OAKLEY: Am I gonna be able to get this injection in? 797 00:36:44,410 --> 00:36:45,661 I don't think so. 798 00:36:46,245 --> 00:36:48,748 NARRATOR: But Frankie has to come out of her shell first. 799 00:36:49,916 --> 00:36:51,876 DR. OAKLEY: When turtles are afraid, 800 00:36:51,959 --> 00:36:55,338 they suck their limbs and their head into their shell to keep everything safe. 801 00:36:55,421 --> 00:36:58,424 So, I need to get at those limbs for the injection. 802 00:36:58,507 --> 00:37:00,885 So I'm gonna put a box over top of Frank, 803 00:37:00,968 --> 00:37:02,428 and hopefully she'll relax enough 804 00:37:02,511 --> 00:37:05,097 that she'll start to extend her limbs and stick her head out. 805 00:37:06,140 --> 00:37:08,559 NARRATOR: It takes some time, patience, 806 00:37:08,643 --> 00:37:12,021 and a lack of stimulation for Frankie to finally emerge. 807 00:37:12,480 --> 00:37:15,983 And now, Michelle can get her on the road to recovery. 808 00:37:16,692 --> 00:37:22,073 DR. OAKLEY: So I'm just putting it into the subcue space there right next to her tail. 809 00:37:22,490 --> 00:37:24,951 So, of course she didn't like that, I understand, 810 00:37:25,034 --> 00:37:27,495 but we want her to feel better. 811 00:37:28,287 --> 00:37:29,705 I think with these treatments, 812 00:37:29,789 --> 00:37:32,541 we'll get her definitely back to a good calcium balance. 813 00:37:32,917 --> 00:37:34,919 NARRATOR: Frankie's owner, Ramie, returns, 814 00:37:35,002 --> 00:37:37,046 and she's brought someone special. 815 00:37:37,129 --> 00:37:39,131 DR. OAKLEY: Hello, Piper! How are you? 816 00:37:39,215 --> 00:37:43,094 I've got your dog right here, is this your dog? 817 00:37:43,177 --> 00:37:46,055 PIPER: No! DR. OAKLEY: What--oh! Just kidding. 818 00:37:46,138 --> 00:37:47,890 This is Frankie-Hankie. 819 00:37:47,974 --> 00:37:50,977 PIPER: No. DR. OAKLEY: Well, it's, I don't think it's a boy! 820 00:37:51,060 --> 00:37:52,770 It's not a boy turtle. 821 00:37:52,853 --> 00:37:54,897 RAMIE: It's a girl turtle, Pipe! 822 00:37:54,981 --> 00:37:58,067 DR. OAKLEY: I guess Frank can be a girl's name, too, it doesn't matter, right? 823 00:37:58,150 --> 00:37:59,568 PIPER: Yeah! 824 00:37:59,652 --> 00:38:01,529 DR. OAKLEY: So that's inside his shell, her shell. 825 00:38:01,612 --> 00:38:03,698 I don't see any eggs actually. 826 00:38:03,781 --> 00:38:06,659 RAMIE: Okay. DR. OAKLEY: The problem with her is that she doesn't have 827 00:38:06,742 --> 00:38:08,577 very good bone density. 828 00:38:08,661 --> 00:38:12,373 I think it's probably been this chronic lack of UV and calcium 829 00:38:12,456 --> 00:38:14,875 until she came to you, but it's probably just added up. 830 00:38:14,959 --> 00:38:19,088 So, I actually gave her an injection of calcium to really jump-start her. 831 00:38:19,171 --> 00:38:20,339 RAMIE: Yeah. 832 00:38:20,423 --> 00:38:22,591 DR. OAKLEY: One thing these guys need is calcium powder 833 00:38:22,675 --> 00:38:24,927 to dust some parts of their food. 834 00:38:25,011 --> 00:38:27,513 At least, like, kind of every other day is a good rule. 835 00:38:27,596 --> 00:38:28,681 RAMIE: Okay. 836 00:38:28,764 --> 00:38:33,102 DR. OAKLEY: The kindergarten class is probably gonna be happy to have Frank/Frankie back. 837 00:38:33,185 --> 00:38:35,271 I'll leave that up to Ramie to discuss it with them. 838 00:38:35,354 --> 00:38:37,231 They won't have to worry about her anymore. 839 00:38:37,690 --> 00:38:39,859 RAMIE: The kindergarteners are gonna be very surprised 840 00:38:39,942 --> 00:38:41,652 to know that Frank-Hank is a girl. 841 00:38:41,736 --> 00:38:45,781 And we may have to kind of think of some other names perhaps. 842 00:38:46,282 --> 00:38:47,950 DR. OAKLEY: So, there's Frankie. 843 00:38:48,034 --> 00:38:49,910 RAMIE: Thank you. DR. OAKLEY: Yup, no problem. 844 00:38:50,411 --> 00:38:52,496 PIPER: I hope that she feels better. 845 00:38:54,081 --> 00:38:56,417 NARRATOR: Before Michelle can pack up for the day... 846 00:38:56,500 --> 00:38:57,752 EMILY: You can hop on out. 847 00:38:57,835 --> 00:39:01,505 NARRATOR: A 13-year-old dog named Bandit comes in with a puzzling condition. 848 00:39:02,048 --> 00:39:03,841 DR. OAKLEY: Emily is bringing in her dog Bandit. 849 00:39:03,924 --> 00:39:06,469 EMILY: Woop. Hold on, let's get him on a leash. 850 00:39:06,552 --> 00:39:09,055 DR. OAKLEY: Bandit was hit by a car a few years ago 851 00:39:09,138 --> 00:39:10,848 and had to have a leg amputated. 852 00:39:10,931 --> 00:39:13,559 And now he's starting to show some signs of soreness 853 00:39:13,642 --> 00:39:15,603 and difficulty of getting around on three legs. 854 00:39:15,686 --> 00:39:17,480 So she's bringing him in for an exam. 855 00:39:17,897 --> 00:39:19,732 Come on in. Hi! 856 00:39:19,815 --> 00:39:21,233 Is this your dog Bandit? 857 00:39:21,317 --> 00:39:23,611 FINN: Yeah. DR. OAKLEY: Alright. Hello! 858 00:39:23,694 --> 00:39:25,696 You got your whole pack here, huh? 859 00:39:25,780 --> 00:39:30,576 FINN: Bandit is basically like a big brother to me. 860 00:39:30,993 --> 00:39:33,496 EMILY: A big, hairy brother. 861 00:39:33,579 --> 00:39:34,789 FINN: Yeah. 862 00:39:34,872 --> 00:39:37,666 EMILY: He's done great since the amputation. 863 00:39:37,750 --> 00:39:39,585 It's just that some nights 864 00:39:39,668 --> 00:39:44,799 he'll just, he won't be able to settle, he's panting heavily, 865 00:39:44,882 --> 00:39:47,802 you know, obviously in a lot of pain. 866 00:39:47,885 --> 00:39:49,637 DR. OAKLEY: So he's not bothering at this at all. 867 00:39:49,720 --> 00:39:51,097 This looks very well-healed. 868 00:39:51,180 --> 00:39:52,973 EMILY: He's not done anything with the stump. DR. OAKLEY: Awesome. 869 00:39:53,057 --> 00:39:55,142 EMILY: You know, he will lick his other, his good leg. 870 00:39:55,226 --> 00:39:57,978 DR. OAKLEY: Okay. EMILY: And I don't know if, you know, 871 00:39:58,062 --> 00:40:00,356 if there's any, what is it, phantom limb pain. 872 00:40:00,439 --> 00:40:01,857 DR. OAKLEY: Phantom pain. 873 00:40:01,941 --> 00:40:04,026 Phantom pain happens when after a limb is amputated, 874 00:40:04,110 --> 00:40:06,737 there's still some nerves higher up that are going to the brain 875 00:40:06,821 --> 00:40:10,241 telling the brain that that limb is still there and still hurts. 876 00:40:10,324 --> 00:40:12,493 I'll just go through and give him a thorough physical. 877 00:40:12,576 --> 00:40:14,703 Finn, could you help me with Bandit? 878 00:40:14,787 --> 00:40:17,039 Could you just maybe kind of lean right here 879 00:40:17,123 --> 00:40:20,209 and sort of steady him so while I'm looking at him, he won't go away. 880 00:40:20,292 --> 00:40:22,002 DR. OAKLEY (off-screen): Bandit's a sweet old guy. 881 00:40:22,086 --> 00:40:23,504 He looks very healthy. 882 00:40:23,587 --> 00:40:25,506 He's older, but he's very active. 883 00:40:25,589 --> 00:40:27,508 Is he okay with me lifting him, you think? Okay. 884 00:40:27,591 --> 00:40:29,427 EMILY: He is. Yeah. Are you okay? 885 00:40:29,510 --> 00:40:31,971 DR. OAKLEY: We'll see about that. One, two, three. (grunt) 886 00:40:32,054 --> 00:40:33,431 Yeah, no problem. 887 00:40:33,514 --> 00:40:35,516 No problem. Sit! 888 00:40:35,599 --> 00:40:37,810 Good boy! Good boy! 889 00:40:39,687 --> 00:40:41,981 NARRATOR: A blood draw will help determine 890 00:40:42,064 --> 00:40:45,985 Bandit's current state of health for any long-term pain management. 891 00:40:46,068 --> 00:40:47,570 DR. OAKLEY: All done. That's it. 892 00:40:47,653 --> 00:40:48,946 EMILY: Good boy! 893 00:40:49,029 --> 00:40:52,199 NARRATOR: In the meantime, Michelle has another idea for immediate relief. 894 00:40:52,283 --> 00:40:57,037 DR. OAKLEY: One thing that I think works quite well is laser therapy. 895 00:40:57,121 --> 00:40:59,498 EMILY: Yeah. DR. OAKLEY: I could just laser his hips area, 896 00:40:59,582 --> 00:41:02,918 and you could just see, do you see much improvement or not? 897 00:41:03,002 --> 00:41:05,713 Cold laser therapy is a very simple procedure, 898 00:41:05,796 --> 00:41:07,631 but it definitely stimulates cell growth 899 00:41:07,715 --> 00:41:12,303 and also helps release factors that stop pain from arthritis or other conditions. 900 00:41:12,761 --> 00:41:14,847 It will only take like 10 minutes. 901 00:41:16,307 --> 00:41:19,018 FINN: I feel kind of worried about him. 902 00:41:19,101 --> 00:41:20,519 EMILY: Why do you feel worried? 903 00:41:20,853 --> 00:41:24,273 FINN: Because he's one of my best friends. 904 00:41:24,356 --> 00:41:25,566 EMILY: Yeah. 905 00:41:26,066 --> 00:41:27,526 NARRATOR: No worries, though. 906 00:41:27,610 --> 00:41:30,821 Back in the exam room, Bandit's got it made in the shade. 907 00:41:31,197 --> 00:41:33,407 DR. OAKLEY: Good boy. Stay. 908 00:41:35,659 --> 00:41:39,538 As I'm lasering Bandit, I'm trying to get all the way across his lumbar area, 909 00:41:39,622 --> 00:41:43,751 kind of up and down his spinal cord at the back end, over both hips. 910 00:41:44,251 --> 00:41:47,004 Awesome, and I'm also gonna do your leg 911 00:41:47,087 --> 00:41:49,256 that you're licking a little bit. 912 00:41:49,340 --> 00:41:51,759 NARRATOR: The penetrating light rays trigger endorphins 913 00:41:51,842 --> 00:41:54,845 while stimulating the healing process for injured cells. 914 00:41:55,221 --> 00:41:56,805 DR. OAKLEY: Good boy! 915 00:41:58,516 --> 00:41:59,808 Good boy! 916 00:41:59,892 --> 00:42:01,393 Look who's coming! 917 00:42:01,477 --> 00:42:02,478 Yay! 918 00:42:02,978 --> 00:42:04,605 NARRATOR: More laser treatments could help, 919 00:42:04,688 --> 00:42:07,691 and pending blood work, a combination of medications 920 00:42:07,775 --> 00:42:09,944 will likely get Bandit the relief he needs. 921 00:42:10,653 --> 00:42:12,821 DR. OAKLEY (off-screen): One is an anti-inflammatory, 922 00:42:12,905 --> 00:42:15,074 mostly it's good in this case, I think, 923 00:42:15,157 --> 00:42:16,825 because he looks like he has a bit of arthritis, 924 00:42:16,909 --> 00:42:19,328 but there's a second pain medication 925 00:42:19,411 --> 00:42:22,289 which works more in the brain that actually tells the brain 926 00:42:22,373 --> 00:42:24,458 to stop interpreting things as painful. 927 00:42:24,542 --> 00:42:26,544 And that's probably what's gonna help us 928 00:42:26,627 --> 00:42:28,212 if we're talking about phantom pain. 929 00:42:28,295 --> 00:42:29,338 EMILY: Alright. 930 00:42:29,421 --> 00:42:31,257 DR. OAKLEY: Bandit is all set. We'll just get you guys going. 931 00:42:31,340 --> 00:42:32,675 EMILY: Alright. Thanks so much, Dr. Oakley. 932 00:42:32,758 --> 00:42:34,343 DR. OAKLEY: Alright. Nice to meet you guys. 933 00:42:34,426 --> 00:42:36,303 Thanks for your help, Finn. Appreciate it! 934 00:42:36,637 --> 00:42:37,972 EMILY: Bandit did great. 935 00:42:38,055 --> 00:42:41,267 You know, I'm excited to get him on a little bit better of a pain plan. 936 00:42:41,350 --> 00:42:43,602 DR. OAKLEY (off-screen): Bandit is looking so much better. 937 00:42:43,686 --> 00:42:45,729 I mean, Finn and Bandit are inseparable. 938 00:42:45,813 --> 00:42:48,274 Our fur babies are important. 939 00:42:48,357 --> 00:42:49,608 They're our family. 940 00:42:49,692 --> 00:42:52,403 And there's nothing more important than taking care of family. 941 00:42:52,486 --> 00:42:53,988 EMILY: Good boy! 942 00:42:55,447 --> 00:42:56,991 Captioned by Cotter Captioning Services.